高考英语专题三阅读理解高考命题20生态环保类精选题

生态环保类A(2018·河北邯郸高三质检)Tofightfortheconservationofforestecosystem,severalecologistsincludingDanielJanzenconvincedDelOro,anorangejuiceproducer,todonatepartofhisforestlandtoanationalpark.Inreturn,DelOrowasallowedtothrowlargeamountsofwasteintheformoforangepeels(皮)ona3­hectarepieceoflandwithinthenationalparkatnocost.Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoalandfill,sotheproposalwasveryattractive.Butayearlater,anotherjuicecompanychallengedthedealincourt,arguingthatitscompetitorwas“pollutinganationalpark”.Thecompanyendedupwinning,andthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalparkfellthrough.Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangepeelstory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.Whathefoundshockedhim.“WhileIwouldwalkoverexposedrockanddeadgrassinthenearbyfields,I'dhavetoclimbthroughundergrowthandcutpathsthroughwallsofvines(藤)intheorangepeelsiteitself，”saidTimothyTreuer.Treuerandhisteamspentmonthspickingupsamples(样品),analyzingandcomparingthem.Theyfoundgreatdifferencesbetweentheareascoveredwithorangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareawithorangewastehadrichersoil.Theeffectthattheorangepeelshadonthelandisprobablynotthatsurprisingtopeoplefamiliarwithcomposting(将……制成堆肥),butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforange“ruined”anationalparkandstoppeditfromgoingforward.NowthatTimothyTreuer'sstudyhasreceivedworldwideattention,thistypeof“ruining”isbeingseriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingforestsbacktolife.1.WhatdidDelOrousuallydowithorangepeels?A．Addedthemtofuel.B．Fedthemtoanimals.C．Burnedorburiedthem.D．Madethemintocakes.2．WhatcanweknowaboutthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalpark?A．Itlasted15years.B．ItwassignedbyTreuer.C．Itwasmadeinabout1998.D．ItwasbrokenbyDelOro.3．WhatwasTreuer'sfinding?A．Orangepeelscontainmuchfibre.B．Orangepeelscanmakesoilricher.C．Orangepeelsrotawayinashorttime.D．Orangewasteruinedthenationalpark.4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthejudgementionedinthelastparagraph?A．Disapproving.B．Positive.C．Worried.D．Admirable.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一家橙汁公司和一个国家公园达成协议，橙汁公司把部分土地捐给公园，便可以把橙皮倒在公园的一块地上，多年后公园的这块地比其他的土地要肥沃。由此表明，橙皮对土地有好处，这也是恢复森林的一个好办法。1．C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoalandfill,sotheproposalwasveryattractive.”可知，德尔·奥罗通常将橙皮烧掉或者填埋。2．C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangepeelstory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.”可知，2013年，蒂莫西·特罗伊尔决定看看这块15年前被果皮覆盖的地。据此可以推断，这个协议大约是在1998年达成的。3．B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Theareawithorangewastehadrichersoil.”可知，橙皮能够使土壤更加肥沃。4．A解析：观点态度题。根据最后两段可知，橙皮对土壤是有好处的。再根据最后一段的“butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforange‘ruined’anationalparkandstoppeditfromgoingforward”可知，作者认为法官判定终止协议这件事是错误的。由此推断作者对法官的做法是不赞成的。disapproving意为“不赞成的”；positive意为“赞同的；拥护的”；worried意为“担心的”；admirable意为“令人钦佩的”。B(2018·河北石家庄高三质检)FlatHolmisapicturesquelandmasslocatedinBritain'sBristolChannel.Thearea'slowenergyneedshavethereforebeenfulfilledusingold­fashionedsolarpanels(板)andadieselgenerator(柴油发电机).Thebeautifulislandisnow,however,becomingincreasinglypopularwithtouristswishingtoexploretherurallandscapeandviewtheisland'sseabirdcolonies.Thoughthisiswelcomenews,meetingtheisland'sgrowingenergyneedswithoutdamagingitsenvironmentisachallenge.FlatHolmteamleaderNatalieTaylorsays,“It'sreallyimportantthatwehaveareallyhighfunctioningsystem.Fromanenvironmentalpointofview,wewanttoreducetheuseofdieselgeneratorssothatwecanhaveassmallanecologicalfootprintaspossible.”Fortunately,UK­basedstart­upRenovagenhadtheperfectsolution.Thecompany'sRapidRollSolarPVsystemconsistsofflexiblesolarpanelsthatcanbeunrolledlikeacarpetfromatrailer(拖车)andinstantlyputtowork.Accordingtothecompany,asmallpanelcanprovide11kWofpowerwithintwominutes.ThetechnologyisthebrainchildofRenovagen'sManagingDirectorJohnHingley,whocameupwiththeideaafterseeingsomethingusedasabackupbatteryformobiledevicesaboutfiveyearsago.Inadditiontobeingeasytounfold,therollablepanelsarealsomorecost­effectivetotransport.Hingleysays，“Comparedwithtraditionalrigidpanels,wecanfitupto10timesthepowerinthissizecontainer.”Thesolarpanel“carpets”，laidontheislandinearlyOctober,arebeingusedtoprovideelectricitytoitspubandlighthouse.InadditiontoprovidingpowertoremoteislandslikeFlatHolm,HingleyhopestheRapidRolltechnologywillbeusefulinareasaffectedbynaturaldisasters.AgoodexampleisPuertoRico,wheremostpeoplehavebeenwithoutelectricitysinceHurricaneMariadestroyedthepowerlines.1.WhatleadstoFlatHolm'sincreasingenergyneeds?A．Itsgrowingnumberoftourists.B．Itsremotelocation.C．Thedamagetoitsenvironment.D．Thepowersystemfailure.2．WheredoesthedifficultylietoincreaseenergysupplytoFlatHolm?A．Reusingdieselgenerators.B．Protectingitsenvironment.C．Abandoningoldsolarpanels.D．Reducingtransportcost.3．Howdothenewsolarpanelsdifferfromtheoldones?A．Theycostless.B