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...英语辅导：直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导。例如：Shesaid,Iamveryhappytohelpyou.→Shesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.2.直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。例如：Heaskedme,Doyoulikeplayingfootball?→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.注意：大多数情况下，if和whether可以互换，但后有ornot,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddoitornot....Hehesitatedaboutwhethertodriveortakethetrain.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。例如：Mysisteraskedme,Howdoyoulikethefilm?→MysisteraskedmehowIlikedthefilm.4.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order等的宾语。例如：Thecaptainordered,Bequiet.→Thecaptainorderedustobequiet.注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。Myteacheraskedme,Don'tlaugh.→Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.5.一些注意事项(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：Theytoldtheirson,Theearthgoesroundthesun.→...Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.(2)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如：this/that→these/those,now→then,todaya→tthday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→there等。例如：Hesaid,Ihaven'tseenhertoday.→Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：HeaskedLucy,Wheredidyougo?→HeaskedLucywhereshewent.Tomsaid,Whatdoyouwant,Ann?→TomaskedAnnwhatshewanted.直接引语和间接引语专项练习I.单项填空1.Hesaid,Iamlivingwithmybrother.Hesaidthat__waslivingwithhisbrother....A.IB.youC.heD.they2.Hesaid,Youaresuretogetawarmwelcomethere.Hesaidthatwe__suretogetawarmwelcomethere.A.amB.wasC.wereD.are3.Shesays,Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Shesaysthatsomethingiswrongwith__bike.A.myB.aC.hisD.her4.Hesaid,Iwillnotdosoagain.Hesaidthathe__notdosoagain.A.willB.mustC.wouldD.do5.Theteachersaid,Mysonhadthesameexperienceasthelittleboy.Theteachersaidthathissonhad__thesameexperienceasthelittleboy.A.beenB.haveC.hadD.done6.Shesaidtome,Mymothertookmetoanexhibitionyesterday.Shetoldmethathermotherhadtaken__toanexhibitionthedaybefore.A.sheB.meC.herD.you7.Yousaidtome,Isawthefilmtwodaysago.Youtoldmethatyouhadseenthefilm__A.twodaysB.twodaysbeforeC.twodaysagoD.yesterday8.Hesaidtohisyoungersister,Youmaycomewithme.Hetoldhisyoungersisterthat__withhim.A.youmaycomeB.youmightcomeC.shemightcomeD.shemightgo9.Thestudentsaidtome,Shehasmadeaclosestudyoftheproblem.Thestudenttoldmethatshe__aclosestudyoftheproblem....A.hasmakeB.havemadeC.hadmakeD.hadmade10.Hesaid,Ilivehere.Hesaidthathelived____.A.thereB.hereC.inthereD.atthereⅡ、将下列句子改为间接引语11.Theteachersaidtohisclass,Don'twasteyourtime!12.Shesaidtoherson,Don'tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom!13.Hisfathersaidtohim,Think,beforeyoudoit!14.Theteachersaidtohisstudents,Tellbrieflyinyourownwordshowpenicillinwasdiscovered.15.Theleadersaidtohim,Pleasewriteyourreportasshortaspossible.16.Hesaidtome,Letmehavealookatthebookyoubought.17.Hesaid,Iamproudofmymotherland.18.Johnsaid,Iwrotebacktellinghimaboutityesterday.19.Isaid,Iwillgivehersomeadvicetomorrow.20.Youarewastingyourtimeday-dreaming!hesaidtoMary.21.Youhavealreadydoneyourduty,hesaidtoher.22.Marywroteinherletter,Mr.Liu,whenwillyoucometoAmerica?23.Don'triskyourlives,men!thecaptainwarned.24.I'llbeverybusytoday,saidtheman.25.Shesaid,Wehaveworkedontheschoolfarmfortwoweeks.26.Hesaid,I'mreviewingmylessons....27.Theysaid,Wearrivedthismorning.28.Shesaidtome,Havelunchwithus....直接引语和间接引语专项练习最佳答案1C2C3D4C5C6C7B8D9D10A11Theteachertoldhisclassnottowastetheirtime.12Shetoldhersonnottoforgettoturnoffthelightwhenheleavestheroom13Hisfathertoldhimtothinkbeforehedoesit.14Theteachertoldhishisstudentstotellbrieflyintheirownwordshowpenicillinhadbeendiscoverd.15Theleadertoldhimtowritehisreportasshortaspossible.16HetoldmetolethimhavealookatthebookIhadbought.17Hesaidthathewasproudofhismotherland18Johnsaidthathehadwrittenbacktellinghimaboutitthedaybefore.19IsaidthatIwouldgivehersomeadvicethenextday.20HetoldMarythatshewaswastinghertimeday-dreaming21Hetoldherthatshehadalreadydoneherduty22MarywroteinherletterthatwhenMr.LiuwouldcometoAmerica23Thecaptainwarnednottoriskyourlives.24Themansaidthathewouldbeverybusytheday25Shesaidthattheyhadworkedontheschoolfarmfortwoweeks26Hesaidthathewasreviewinghislessons27Theysaidthattheyhadarrivedthatmorning28Shetoldmetohavelunchwiththem