学号:毕业设计报告书题目田园风光——勤耕别墅景观设计作者xxx届别xx届系别美术系专业艺术设计指导教师xxxx职称xx完成时间xxxx田园风光——勤耕别墅景观设计I摘要随着社会的发展、经济的繁荣以及人民生活和文化水平的提高,人们已经不再满足于物质生活的简单重复,在追求物质丰富的同时,也不放弃对深层文化的渴求。田园风格倡导“回归自然”,给人以安静闲适的感觉,没有污染,没有喧闹。美学上推崇“自然美”,认为只有崇尚自然、结合自然,才能在当今高科技快节奏的社会生活中获取生理和心理的平衡。因此田园风格力求表现悠闲、舒畅、自然的田园生活情趣。在室外环境中力求表现悠闲、舒畅、自然的田园生活情趣,也常运用天然木、石、藤、竹等材质质朴的纹理,创造自然、简朴、高雅的氛围。本案通过对勤耕别墅景观的设计、规划,来表达一种远离浊世,清净悠然的“田园风格”这一设计理念。关键词:田园;庭院;别墅景观。目录摘要···········································································································I引言··········································································································11选题来源·······························································································22设计过程·······························································································32.1调查阶段·························································································32.1.1环境调查·················································································32.1.2对与本设计有关研究动态的调查······················································32.2分析阶段······················································································42.2.1主观需求分析···········································································42.2.2客观条件分析···········································································42.2.3对别墅院内色彩进行分析····························································42.3设计定位······················································································52.4设计理念的形成·············································································52.5设计理念的表达··············································································52.5.1庭院色彩的表达········································································52.5.2庭院植物的表达········································································62.5.3景观设施的表达.·······································································63创新价值·································································································84未来展望·································································································9总结········································································································10参考文献···································································································11致谢········································································································12附录1田园风光——勤耕别墅景观设计过程····················································13附录2田园风光——勤耕别墅景观设计成果······························错误!未定义书签。第1页共15页引言田园:耕田和园地,也泛指风光自然的乡村。田园风格倡导“回归自然”,美学上推崇“自然美”,认为只有崇尚自然、结合自然,才能在当今高科技快节奏的社会生活中获取生理和心理的平衡。因此田园风格力求表现悠闲、舒畅、自然的田园生活情趣。别墅市场的日益发展,使人们对于别墅产品的要求也越来越高,从以前简单的炫富到现在的更高层次的生活品质追求。别墅的设计在向人性化靠拢,室外空间被更多的设计者关注,作为一个设计人员,在多方面的设计要求中要把室外空间设计的理念融入到设计中去,而不只是空洞的一句口号,设计需要更细致的研究,从最基本的问题——人的需求出发,创造更加人性化的居住环境。现代人身处喧嚣的城市,繁杂的工作中,能够在下班后回到一个如诗中田园般的别墅里,那将是一种不敢奢求的幸福。第2页共15页1选题来源随着城市的建设和发展,新建別墅区如雨后春笋般拔地而起。住宅环境的优良与否,也构成了评审住居地生活总体价值的一个重要组成部分。随着人们对生活方式的重视和锐意追求,有了对内容丰富、形式多样的的室外生活空间的需要。别墅具有外观个性化,分布零散独立,环境要求高等特点,与其他类型住宅相比,其最大的优点就在有较大的室外空间。庭院景观水平已成为别墅优劣的重要标志之一。现在的别墅设计不再单只注重建筑的设计,配套环境已成为人们关注的重点。因为别墅的好坏主要取决于庭院景观设计,它与别墅建筑两者相互协调、互相衬托,共同构建出高品质的生活环境。“采菊东篱下,悠然见南山”,田园的概念在中国其实由来已久,从中可见,中式田园除了纯朴自然之外,还透着那么一股禅意。田园风格给人一种“静谧”的印象,能让烦躁的心在此间平静下来,更多是一种意境化的营造。而这种意境不正是生活在喧嚣城市里的人们所追求的吗?因此我选择田园风格作为我的设计主题。第3页共15页2设计过程2.1调查阶段2.1.1环境调查勤耕别墅庭院位于益阳市郊别墅园区,占地面积3800平方米,庭院周边地表植被丰富,地势平坦,环境优美,空气清新(见图2-1)。由于地处江南水乡,降水量大,湿润潮湿是普遍存在的,因此庭院的防洪防涝就显得极为重要。别墅位于庭院的偏西北方向,坐北朝南,主入口在庭院的东南角,次入口则位于西南角院内。庭院内部除主建筑外多以杂草为主,有庭院小路,别墅庭院内地势基本平坦,但有小型缓坡。土壤肥沃,便于种植大量植被,有地下水源,便于建造水景。总体来说,庭院内的自然环境为庭院景观的规划设计提供了便利的条件。2.1.2对与本设计有关研究动态的调查“他山之石,可以攻玉”,在动手设计之前,广纳贤言集思广益,扩充自己的信息领域、知识范围(书本、网络、甚至和别人聊天)是很有必要的,所以,调查国内外对庭院景观的研究动态就是第一步要做的。庭院景观是环境中典型的、集中的、优化的、活跃的构成要素,是满足人类需求不可少的环境构件,而景观设计则是实现这一目的的重要手段和基本保障。景观设计是物质和精神的统一体,当代对艺术的要求早已远远超出了它的物质功能,它要求一种贯穿历史、体现时代文化、具有较高审美价值的精神产品,包括文化价值和道德的体现,科技与艺术的结合,促进整体环境的文化发展。“人”是景观的使用者,因此首先考虑了使用者的要求,坚持人居环境的舒适性原则,做好总体布局,在有限的空间创造出符合居住者需求的环境,为人们提供可居、可憩又易于沟通的私家庭院。设计中主要采用以植物造景为主,配以高大的乔木和水池,充分利用植物的多样性,达到一年常绿,四季有花的效果,同时注重所用植物材料季相和花期的变化,创造出令人心旷神怡的环境。因地制宜,选择适生树种,做到“适地适树”、“适景适树”。图2-1第4页共15页2.2分析阶段2.2.1主观需求分析在别墅设计中,交流是很重要的,要对别墅主人的家庭、职业、爱好、性格、经济能力等等主观和客观因素分析。别墅主人四十多岁,是一位成功人士,由于平时工作比较繁忙,同时他又是一位追求洒脱的人,希望在繁忙的工作之后能够有一个与世隔绝、完完全全属于自己的私密空间,而且反对浮华。按照业主的要求,我的第一感觉就是要营造一种接近自然的“田园风格”。庭院景观的布局的艺术是造园中最重要的,布局的成功与否,是造出的庭园美不美的关键。面积较大的宅院可以选择的庭园风格也较广泛,搭配方式也可复杂一些,但在造景时必须顾及到整体的一致性,避免相互冲突。(如图2-2)2.2.2客观条件分析别墅庭院内部除主体建筑外,无其他庭院景观,以绿地为主,杂草较多,而我的设计主题正是“田园风光”,田园的东西就要追求自然的、朴实的,因此没必要刻意去清除院内的杂草,在园内小路的铺设中作适当的保留(见图2-3)。为了使庭院有良好的环境,在景观材料的选择上多使用环保材料。这样能够营造健康、舒适的居住环境,使居住者每天都能呼吸到新鲜的空气,享受安静的环境,拥有可以任意释放自我身心的一片天空。2.2.3对别墅院内色彩进行分析我的设计主题是“田园风光”,田园风格倡导“回归自然”,我用比较朴实、淡雅的颜色,结合田园的景物、色彩,并加以处理改造,形成了我自己的色彩分析。最后通过植物的种植和道路的铺张,以及建筑物的规划,将其体现在总体规划布局当中,做到从色彩上与田园风光相呼应(见图2-4)。图2-5图2-2图2-3第5页共15页2.3设计定位通过我对庭院所处环境及地形特点的分析,结合自身对庭院设计的理解与认识,合理利用其环境优势,我将勤耕别墅景观设计定位为休闲度假的别墅园,目的是满足业主在工作之余放松、休憩的功能和景观要求。2.4设计理念的形成别墅景观设计,我首先想到的就是不能做的和其他别墅景观一样千篇一律,弄很多华而不实的东西,或者直接把别人的样板搬来,这样就不能体现本方案的特色,而且太奢华的东西会给人很沉重的感觉,住的人不会觉得有一种放松,自然的