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AnalysisofTheScarletLetterBy11英语1班李嘉瑛11英语1班陈钦姝11英语4班史予恺11英语4班孙琪琦11英语4班彭微11英语4班林芝BiographicalIntroductionofNathanielHawthorne1804—1864Salem,Massachusetts,USBowdoinCollege,inMaineThepioneerofAmericanromanticandpsychoanalyticnovelinthe19thcenturyAncestorsFatherMotherNathanielHawthorneSisterSisterJudgeHathornetheSalemwitchtrialsSeaCaptaindiedwhentheboywasfour1821,inBowdoinCollege,HawthornemadefriendswithHenryWadsworthLongfellowandFranklinPierce.1828,hewroteafull-lengthnovel,Fanshawe,whichwaspublishedanonymous,butcaughtnoattention.Hedestroyedalltherestbyfire.1830s,heeditedamagazineinBoston,andafterwardworkedatthecustomsoffice.1841,hemarriedSophiaPeabody,livingintheOldManse,inConcord.1846,hewrotethesplendidstoriescalledMossesfromanOldManse(古宅青苔)andworkedatthecustomsofficeagain.1850,hewroteTheScarletletter（红字）,whichwasagreatsuccess.1853,FranklinPiercebecamePresident,hewasappointedtoaconsularpositioninLiverpool.1860,hewrotethenovel,TheMarbleFaun（玉石人像）.1864,whentravelingwithPierce,hediedinNewHampshire.1851,hewroteTheHouseoftheSevenGables（带七个尖顶的阁楼）.1852,hewroteTheBlithedaleRomance（福谷传奇）.Psychologicalromance心理罗曼史TheopennessofAmericanpsychoanalysisnovels.美国心理分析小说的开创篇Writingbackground1TraditionalPuritanfamilyandPuritanismtendency2HumanismthoughtandobjecttothestrictdisciplinesofPuritanism3StudyNewEnglandcolonialera4WashoffthecurseofwitchesincurredbyhisancestorsComplicatedandcontradictoryethicalideologyBasedontheNewEngland'sreligiousbackground,dedicatingtotheexplorationofmoralityandthesenseofsinproblemcontent•When:17th•Where:inthePuritantownofBoston•Who:HesterPrynneArthurDimmesdaleRogerChillingworthPearlplot•What:HesterPrynne,ayoungwomanfoundguiltyofadultery,isrequiredtowearascarletAonherdress.AsHesterlooksoutoverthecrowd,shenoticesasmall,misshapenmanandrecognizeshimasherlong-losthusband,whohasbeenpresumedlostatsea.Heangrilyexclaimsthatthechild'sfathershouldalsobepunishedandvowstofindtheman.•Followingherreleasefromprison,Hestersettlesinacottage,shelivesaquiet,somberlifewithherdaughter,Pearl.Butherconductstartsrumors,and,notsurprisingly,thechurchmemberssuggestPearlbetakenawayfromHester.SoshegoestospeaktoGovernorBellingham.HesterappealstoReverendDimmesdaleindesperation,andtheministerpersuadesthegovernortoletPearlremaininHester'scare.•Chillingworth,anewlyarrivedphysician,takesuplodgingswithDimmesdale.HeappliespsychologicalpressuretotheministerbecausehesuspectsDimmesdaletobePearl'sfather.Oneevening,pullingthesleepingDimmesdale'svestmentaside,Chillingworthseesasymbolthatrepresentshisshameonthesleepingminister'spalechest.•Tormentedbyhisguiltyconscience,DimmesdalegoestothesquarewhereHesterwaspunishedyearsearlier.Climbingthescaffold,heseesHesterandPearlandcallstothemtojoinhim.Headmitshisguilttothembutcannotfindthecouragetodosopublicly.SuddenlyDimmesdaleseesameteorformingwhatappearstobeagiganticAinthesky.•Severaldayslater,HestermeetsDimmesdaleintheforest,sheconvincesDimmesdaletoleaveBostoninsecretonashiptoEuropewheretheycanstartlifeanew.Renewedbythisplan,theministerseemstogainnewenergy.Returningtotown,Dimmesdalelosesheartintheirplan.Meanwhile,HesterisinformedbythecaptainoftheshiponwhichshearrangedpassagethatRogerChillingworthwillalsobeapassenger.•OnElectionDay,Dimmesdalegiveswhatisdeclaredtobeoneofhismostinspiredsermons.SeeingHesterandPearlinthecrowdwatchingtheparade,heclimbsuponthescaffoldandconfesseshissin,dyinginHester'sarms.Later,witnessesswearthattheysawastigmaintheformofascarletAuponhischest.Chillingworth,losinghiswillforrevenge,diesshortlythereafterandleavesPearlagreatdealofmoney.•Severalyearslater,Hesterreturnstohercottage,resumeswearingthescarletletter,andofferssolacetowomeninsimilarpositions.Whenshedies,sheisburiednearthegraveofDimmesdale,andtheyshareasimpleslatetombstonewithascarletA.HesterPrynnesin&redemptionlady------young,tall,beautiful,withanelegantfigure,abundantglossydarkhair,arichcomplexionanddeep-satblackeyesStrong-----sufferssomuchbutnevergiveupKind&self-devoted-----servicestothesickandthepooraswellashelpingherneighborswithherlittlesubstancesadulteryableArthurDimmesdaleInnerstruggle&thoroughlyrealizebesanctimoniousyoung,physicallydelicate,sensitivity,educated,modestVScowardice&selfishcowardstruggleconfessionRogerChillingworthTheloss®ainofhumanityChillingworthChilling,hard-heartedUnattractiveappearance--twisted,stooped,deformedshouldersmirrorhisdistortedsoulLonelyscholar--longhoursofstudyunderlamplight,cuttinghimselfofffromtheworldofothermeninhisquestforknowledgedizzywithhatred—spenttherestofhislifeinrevengeanddestroyingDimmesdalegrimhatredRevengerepentancePearlSymbolofsinLivingscarletletter—remindsusofhermother’ssinandthesocietythatproduceditBeauty—richandluxuriantbeauty,abeautythatshonewithdeepandvividtints;abrightakintoblack;gorgeousrobeswhichmighthaveextinguishedapalerlovelinessIntelligent—imaginative,inquisitive,determined,andsometimesobstinateelf-child--uncontrolledlaughteratonemomentandsuddensilencethenext,withafiercetemperandacapacityforthe“bitteresthatredthatcanbesupposedtorankleinachildishbosomwriti