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英语修辞手法总结1)Simile：(明喻）是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。明喻的表达方法是：A像B。2)Metaphor：(暗喻)是本体和喻体同时出现，它们之间在形式上是相合的关系，说甲（本体）是（喻词）乙（喻体）。喻词常由：是、就是、成了、成为、变成等表判断的词语来充当。暗喻又叫隐喻。例如：何等动人的一页又一页篇章！这是人类思维的花朵。（徐迟《哥德巴赫猜想》）3)Analogy:(类比)是基于两种不同事物间的类似,借助喻体的特征,通过联想来对本体加以修饰描摩的一种文学修辞手法。4)Personification:(拟人)把事物人格化，把本来不具备人的一些动作和感情的事物变成和人一样的。就像童话里的动物、植物能说话，能大笑。5)Hyperbole:(夸张)是指为了达到强调或滑稽效果，而有意识的使用言过其实的词语，这样的一种修辞手段。夸张法并不等于有失真实或不要事实，而是通过夸张把事物的本质更好地体现出来。6)Understatement:(含蓄陈述）7)Euphemism:(委婉）是指为了策略或礼貌起见,使用温和的,令人愉快的,不害人的语言来表达令人厌恶的,伤心或不宜直说的事实,8)Metonymy:(转喻）是指当甲事物同乙事物不相类似，但有密切关系时，可以利用这种关系，以乙事物的名称来取代甲事物，这样的一种修辞手段。转喻的重点不是在“相似”；而是在“联想”。转喻又称换喻，或借代。9)Synecdoche(提喻）是不直接说某一事物的名称，而是借事物的本身所呈现的各种对应的现象来表现该事物的这样一种修辞手段。10)Antonomasia(换喻）一种,一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法11)Pun:(双关语）指在一定的语言环境中，利用词的多义和同音的条件,有意使语句具有双重意义，言在此而意在彼的修辞方式。双关可使语言表达得含蓄、幽默，而且能加深语意，给人以深刻印象。12)Syllepsis:(异叙）此修辞格的特点是用一个词（动词、形容词或介词）同时与两个词或者更多相搭配，巧用一词多义的特点。13)Zeugma:(轭式搭配）把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。14)Irony:(反语）运用跟本意相反的词语来表达此意，却含有否定、讽刺以及嘲弄的意思15)Innuendo:(暗讽）16)Sarcasm:(讽刺）17)Paradox:(似非而是的隽语）即短而机智之妙语，名言警句。18)Oxymoron:(矛盾修饰）是将两个互相矛盾，互不调和，的词放在同一个短语中，产生特殊的深刻含义的一种修辞手段。19)Antithesis:(对照）即把两种相差、相反、相关的事物，或同一事物相差、相反、相对的两个方面，放在一起加以比照，使之相反相成，以更鲜明地表现事物特征，也称对比。20)Epigram:(警句）一般是一句话或一段引语，主要用来激励和告诉当事人某些道理，提醒着使人们在生活中时刻保持着某种精神品格，所以也叫醒句。21)Climax:(渐进或递升法）1、以程度的深浅，语意的轻重的顺序来排列语句2、以范围的大小顺序来排列语句3、以时间的先后顺序来排列语句22)Anti-climaxorbathos:(突降)23)Apostrophe：(顿呼）24)TransferredEpithet:(移就）就是有意识的把描写甲事物的词语移用来描写乙事物。一般可分为移人于物、移物于人、移物于物三类。25)Alliteration:(头韵）头韵是指一组词、一句话或一行诗中重复出现开头音相同的单词，简明生动，起到突出重点，加深印象，平衡节奏，宣泄感情的作用。26)Onomatopoeia:(拟声）是指用词语模拟客观事物的声音,以增强讲话或文字的实际音感。Unit1TheMiddleEasternBazaarMetaphor:darkcavern,fairyland,maze,honeycomb,etcformacloselyknitguild...Simile:avastsombrecavernofaroomPersonification:TheMiddleEasterbazaartakesyou...dancingflashesThebeamsinks…tautandprotestingHyperbole:takesyou...hundredseventhousandsofyearseveryconceivable,innumerablelamps,incrediblyyoung,withthedustofcenturiesOnomatopoeia:creak,squeak,rumble,grunt,sigh,groan,etc.tinkling,banging,clashingUnit2Hiroshima---theLiveliestCityinJapanMetaphor:IhadalumpinmythroatAtlastthisintermezzocametoanend...Iwasagaincrushedbythethought......whenthemeaning...sankin,joltingme...Metonymy(借代):...littleoldJapanadriftamidbeigeconcreteskyscrapers...strugglebetweenkimonoandtheminiskirtIthoughtthatHiroshimastillfelttheimpactEuphemism委婉语:Eachdayofsufferingthathelpstofreemefromearthlycares.Irony:Hiroshima---theLiveliestCityinJapanthegoodfortunethatmyillnesshasbroughtmeAnti-Climax:atownknownthroughouttheworldforits---oystersAlliteration:sliptoastoptestedandtreatedRhetoricalQuestionWasInotatthesceneofthecrime?Unit4EverydayUseSimile(明喻)Theyardwaslikeanextendedlivingroom.(Para.1)Maggie’shandisaslimpasafish,andprobablyascold,despitethesweat,andshekeepstryingtopullitback.(Para.23)Metaphor(暗喻)EveryonceinawhileheandWangerosenteyesignalsovermyhead.(Para.36)Shewasdeterminedtostaredownanydisasterinherefforts.(Para.12)Metonymy(转喻)OutshepeeksnextwithaPolaroid.(Para.22)Thekettleboils.Parallelism（排比）Shehasbeenlikethis,chinonchest,eyesonground,feetinshuffle.Irony(反语)“Whatdon’tIunderstand?”Iwantedtoknow.Yourheritage,”shesaid.(Para.79-80)Onomatopoeia(拟声)Likewhenyouseethewrigglingendofasnakejustinfrontofyourfootontheroad(para.19)Personification（拟人）Shethinkshersisterhasheldlifealwaysinthepalmofonehand,that“no”isawordtheworldneverlearnedtosaytoher.Unit5SpeechonHitler'sInvasionoftheU.S.S.R.Metaphor:cataractofhorrorsridtheearthofhisshadow...liberatepeoplefromhisyokeThescenewillbeclearforthefinalact.Alliteration:dull,drilled,docile...forhishearthandhomewithitsclanking,heel-clicking...Assonance:clanking,heel-clicking,…cowingandtying...ploddingonlikecrawlinglocusts,...smartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping...easierandsaferpreyRepetition:Wehavebutoneaimandonesinglepurposenothingwillturnus---nothingWewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate...ThisisourpolicyandthisisourdeclarationasweshallfaithfullyandsteadfastlyParallelism:Thepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies...Isee,...Isee...thereturnofthebread-winner,oftheirchampion,oftheirprotectorWeshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheairAnymanorstate...Anymanorstate...Letus...Letus...Nounphrases:Ihadnottheslightestdoubtwhere...WithgreatrapidityandviolencePeriodicsentences:WhenIawokeon...invasionofRussia.IfHitlerimaginesthat...woefullymistaken.Unit6BLACKMAILMetaphor:...thenervesofboth...wereexcessivelyfrayed...hiswifeshothimaswift,warningglance.Thewordsspatforthwithsuddensavagery.Hertone...withered......self-assurance...flickered...TheDuchesskeptfirmtightreinonherracingmind.Hervoicewasawhiplash.eyesboredintohimI’llspellitout.Euphemism:...andyoutookaladyfriend.Metonymy:won100atthetableslostitatthebarthey'llthrowthebook,...Onomatopoeia:appreciativechucklecluckedhistongueUnit9MarkTwain---MirrorofAmericaMetaphor:MarkTwain---MirrorofAmericasawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight...mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheartthevastbasindrainedthree-quartersofthesettledUnitedStatesAllwouldre