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1情态动词一．情态动词基本用法1.❶can和could，用在否定句和疑问句中,表示惊讶，用在否定句和疑问句中。Howcouldyoudosuchasillything?❷cannot....too/enough表示“无论...也不过分，越...越好”。Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhiledriving?2.may和might的区别❶表示许可、可能性、祝愿等意义，might比may更委婉。A:给别人许可时。-MayIplaybasketballthisafternoon？B:may/mightaswell+动原，“最好，倒不如”。❷may作“可以”讲时，疑问句回答用mustn’t/can’t表示禁止。3.Must的用法❶表示禁止（用于否定中）Youmustn’tsmokeinthebedroom.❷表示偏执、固执-CouldIhaveawordwithyou,mum?-Ohdear,ifyoumust.❸must的否定回答A:作必须讲时，疑问否定回答用don’thaveto,needn’tB：推测，一定讲时，回答用can’t.C:mustn’t表禁止。--MayIuseyourcar?--No,youmustn’t./-Sorry,you’dbetternot.(委婉)注意：must强调内在职责，而haveto强调迫于外界压力，不得已而为之。4.shall的用法❶一、三人称征求意见时。请求对方时。Shallwebeginourclass?❷二，三人称陈述句中，说话人给对方的命令，警告、允诺或威胁。Youshallnotgetmysupportifyoudosuchathing.5.will和would的区别❶自愿主动提出，如：意志、愿望或决心，would过去，willnot表示拒绝。Ihavetoldhimagainandagaintostopsmoking,buthewillnotlisten.❷will习惯性动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。Everythinghewillhaveawalkalongthisyear.❸would过去习惯性动作，比usedto正式。LastyearourEnglishteacherwouldsometimestellusstoriesinEnglishafterClass.❹usedtodo过去常，过去一直------只表示过去。beusedtodo“用来”/beusedtodoing习惯于-----可表过、现或将。6.dare表示敢于情态：daredoDareyougohomealong？及物：daretodoDotheydaretosaywhatshethinks?27.need用法情态：needdo及物needtodo表示主动needdoing被动Myovercoatsneedswashing.8.must一定要,必须，应该（现在时）haveto客观需要，能用于更多时态（过去或将来）注意oughtto表示义务和责任“应该”，比should语气强。Yououghttotakecareofyourself.二．情态动词表推测用法1.Sorry,I’mlate,Imighthaveturnedoffthealarmclockandgobackagain.2.Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.3.Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.4.Yououghtnottohavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents.5.Youneedn’thavewalkedsoquicklysincetimewasenough.6.Hemusthavecompletedhiswork,otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbyseaside.情态动词适用场合对未来和现在推测对过去的推测(情态动词+完成体)may/might肯、否may/mightdomay/mighthavedone可能做过，本应做而实际未做。can/could否、疑Could肯can/coulddocan/couldhavedone本应做而实未做can’thavedone不肯能做过，语气强烈should肯、否、疑用来表示一种估计的情况，shoulddoshouldhavedone本应做而未做shouldn’thavedone不应该做而做了oughttooughttodooughttohavedoneoughtnottohavedoneneedneeddoneedn’thavedone本来不必而实际已经发生了must肯定句mustdomusthavedone一定发生了3情态动词练习题1.(2011全国卷II,8)Ifyou______smoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may2.（2011北京卷,24）——Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?——Don’tworry.He______come.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot3.（2011上海春招,27）someyoungpeoplethesedaysjust______gooutoftheirhomestocontacttherealworld.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.mightn’tD.shouldn’t4.（2011福建卷,25）——ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?——Iamafraidyou______,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can5.（2011安徽卷,26）——Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?——Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____.A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced6(2011浙江卷,11)——How’syournewbabysitter?——We______askforabetterone.Allourkidslovehersomuch.A.shouldB.mightC.mustn‘tD.couldn’t7.（2011四川卷,20）Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey______.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should8.（2011重庆卷,25）——Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?——Iwantedto,butmymomsimply______notletmeoutsolateatnight.A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should9.（2011陕西卷,24）——Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?——OK.You______haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall10.（2011湖南卷,28）Noone_______becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.A.canB.needC.mustD.might11.(2011辽宁卷,21)Ifyou______go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will12（10安徽32）Jackdescribedhisfather,who______abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong–willedmanA.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.musthavebeen.13.（10湖南23）You______buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.A.mustB.mustn'tC.havetoD.don'thaveto14.（10江西23）Ihavetoldyouthetruth.______Ikeeprepeatingit?AMustBCanCMayDWill415.（10山东25）I_______havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t16.（10天津9）Mark______havehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t17.（10四川3）—______Itakethebookout?—I'mafraidnot.A.WillB.MayC.MustD.Need18.（10全国Ⅰ29）Justbepatient.You______expecttheworldtochangesosoon.A.can’tB.needn’tC.maynotD.whether19（10江苏25）—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.—Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may20.（陕西23）MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?No,you______.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t21（10全国Ⅱ17）I’mafraidMr.Harding_________seeyounow.He’sbusy.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t22.（10湖北79）It’ssaidthattheyhaveswumtotheislandfromthecontinent,butthey________（不可能做到）becausetheoceaninbetweenistoowide.(do)23（10辽宁26）Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit_______beregularexercise.A．canB．willC．mustD．may24（10北京23）---Goodmorning.I'vegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.--Ah,goodmorning.You______beMrs.Peters.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.canPeters了因此排除A,C.D25（10浙江17）“You______haveawrongnumber,”shesaid.“There’snooneofthatnamehere.”A.needB.canC.mustD.would5情态动词答案1答案C解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽.”must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要.根据后一句pleasegooutside的要求,选C.2答案D解析：考查情态动词的用法.句意为“——我真不喜欢James.你为何请了他?——别担心.他可能来不了.他说他的计划还没安