宾语补足语讲解

Unit4Topic1宾语补足语是补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语的结构形式：及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（名词、形容词、不定式、分词或介词短语、副词）Sum-up宾语补足语:A.名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语①WecallhimJim.②Wemustkeepourschoolcleaneveryday.③Callhimin,please.④Leaveitonthedesk.B.动词不定式作宾语补足语⑤TellJanetosingusasong.⑥Let’shavearest.⑦Canyouhelpme(to)washmyclothes?C.分词作宾语补足语⑧Ihearsomebodysinginginthenextroom.⑨Inthefactory,computerscanmaketheproductionfinishedfaster.Weallmakehimamonitorinourclass.Computershavemadetheworkplacesaferandbetter.Iagreedhertosendhertoschool.Theykeeptheirheartsbeatingwell.Ifoundeverystudentingoodhealth.(名词作宾补)(形容词作宾补)•(不定式作宾补)•(现在分词作宾补)介词短语作宾补)1)跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词还有：ask,tell,get,teach,want,invite,like,allow,wish,advise,expect,encourage等。如：TellJanetosingusasong.叫简给我们唱支歌。2)跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有“一感（feel）、二听(listento,hear),三让(make,let,have),四看”(lookat,see,watch,notice)如：Let’shavearest.让我们休息一会儿。但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。如:Hewasseentoleavetheroomwithabookinhishand.有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。3)跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。这类动词只有help。如：Canyouhelpme(to)washmyclothes?口诀：不定式不带to，请听观感使让助；最好学习不停步，被动语态补上to。分词作宾补分为两种情况1.现在分词做宾补，经常表示正在发生的动作。可跟这类补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear等Iheardsomebodysinginginthenextroomjustnow.2.过去分词作宾补，经常表示被动。常用于have/makesth.sbdone句型中。YouneedtohaveyourhaircutYoucanmakeyourselfundertoodintheU.S.A.注意以下特殊结构：①findit+形容词+todosth.此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，形容词作宾补。SomestudentsfounditeasytostudyEnglishwell.②keepsb./sth.+形容词Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.③makesb./sth.+宾补（形容词、名词、省略to的不定式）Wehadbettermakeourcitymoreandmorebeautiful.Shemadehimasuperstar.她让他成了巨星。Theboymadethebabysmileatlast.观察下列例句中的斜体部分，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。【例句】1.Ifoundhimoutyesterday.2.Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.3.WecallthemanUncleLi.4.Wecanhearbirdssinginghere.5.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimselfheard.6.Sitdownandmakeyourselfathome.宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。在所给例句中，充当宾语补足语的依次分别为：副词1____词，名词，v-ing形式2_____________，，介词短语。形容动词过去分词一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Teenagersusecomputer_______(play)games.2.Onweekends,Kangkanghelpshismother________(do)somecleaning.3.Ittookabout100,000peopleover20years_______(build)thepyramid.4.Iadviseyou____________(notspend)toomuchtimeplayinggames.5.Myfatherexpectsme______(is)ascientist.toplay（to）dotobuildnottospendtobe()1.Pleaseallowme____myselftoallofyou.A.introduceB.tointroduceC.introducingD.introduction（）（）2.TheteacheroftentoldMiketoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.AnottospendBtonotspendCdoesn'tspendDnotspend二、选择正确答案BA()2.Sheisahard-workingstudent.Sheisalwaysthefirst___toschool.A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.came()5.Mymotheroftenmakesme____handsbefore.A.washB.washesC.washingD.washedCAThat’sallfortoday!Seeyou!