高考英语语法专题备考课件-名词性从句

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英语高考总复习人教版必修三语法专题(五)名词性从句英语高考总复习人教版必修三一、引导名词性从句的连接词1.连接代词和连接副词在句中不是疑问词,从句中要用陈述语序。2.连接代词和连接副词在句中充当句子成分;连接词whether,if,asif在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;连接词that在从句中不充当句子成分,且无含义,有时可省略。英语高考总复习人教版必修三这样考过①(绵阳诊断)Itdoesn'tmattertome________Imissmytrain,becausethere'sanotheronelater.A.thatB.ifC.unlessD.when解析:if“如果”,表条件。句意为:如果我赶不上这班火车,也没有关系,因为接下来还有一班。unless“除非”;when“当……时候”。答案:B英语高考总复习人教版必修三②(北京东城区)________ObamawaselectedpresidentoftheUSAisabigsuccessfortheblacksinAmerica.A./B.ThatC.WhatD.As解析:that引导主语从句。答案:B英语高考总复习人教版必修三3.whether和if的区别:(1)whether和if在引导宾语从句时一般可以通用。这样考过③(北京)Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee________itgotanybetter.A.whenB.HowC.whyD.if英语高考总复习人教版必修三解析:句意:一开始他不喜欢这份新工作,但还是决定给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。此题考查宾语从句。D项表示“是否”,符合题意。答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三(2)后面直接跟or或ornot时,只能用whether。这样考过④(2010·厦门双十中学)—Dad,I'vefinishedmyassignment.—Good,and________youplayorwatchTV,youmustn'tdisturbme.A.nomatterB.wheneverC.whateverD.whether答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三(3)在介词之后引导宾语从句时,只用whether。这样考过⑤(2006·江苏)Wehaven'tsettledthequestionof________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that解析:所填连词和后面句子一起作介词of的宾语,后面句中有地点状语,故B不正确,作介词的宾语,应用whether。答案:C英语高考总复习人教版必修三(4)用if会引起歧义时,用whether:Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.请通知我你是否想来。/如果你想来请通知我。Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.请通知我你是否想来。英语高考总复习人教版必修三可能这样考⑥Imagineyouareinthesituation,anddiscuss________youshoulddosomethingatonce.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether解析:注意区别if和whether的用法;discuss后的宾语从句不能用if引导。答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三(5)其他几种只用whether的情况:引导表语从句、同位语从句和让步状语从句时;引导主语从句置于句首时;后接动词不定式时。可能这样考⑦________itisnecessarytostudytheproposalsforseveralmoremonthsbeforemakingadecisionistobedebated.A.WhetherB.IfC.WhatD.That英语高考总复习人教版必修三解析:此处为whether引导的主语从句。答案:A英语高考总复习人教版必修三4.what,which,who,when,where,how等与whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however等引导名词性从句的区别:后者引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义,而前者引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。英语高考总复习人教版必修三这样考过⑧(北京西城区)—Hi,Peter.Youseemtohavegainedalotofweight.—Well,goodfood,notenoughexercise.That's________Igotfat.A.howB.whenC.whatD.whether解析:上文提到Peter你似乎体重增加了,Peter回答说,是的,吃好的,缺乏锻炼,这就是我怎么长胖的。答案:A英语高考总复习人教版必修三⑨(邢台模拟)________studentyouare,youcan'tworkouttheprobleminsuchashorttime.A.WhatevercleverB.HowevercleverC.HowevercleveraD.Whateverclevera解析:howeverclevera=whateveraclever.故选C.答案:C英语高考总复习人教版必修三5.whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however等与nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow的区别:前者既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句;而“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。英语高考总复习人教版必修三这样考过⑩(湖南)Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo________ittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever解析:句意:她是我们心爱的宝贝。我们准备不惜一切代价挽救她的生命。whatever=anythingthat,连接宾语从句,兼作takes的宾语。答案:C英语高考总复习人教版必修三⑪(2006·山东)________teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever英语高考总复习人教版必修三解析:句意:在周六的比赛上无论哪个队赢都将直接去参加全国冠军联赛。根据句意应该排除A、C无论什么。A项只可引导让步状语从句,C既引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。同理B项nomatterwhich只引导让步状语从句。D项既可以引导让步状语从句又可引导名词性从句“无论哪一个”。根据题意,故选D项。答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三二、主语从句1.由what,whatever,whoever等引导的主语从句,必须置于谓语动词之前,不能用it作形式主语。这样考过⑫(2010·潍坊测试)________,you'llneverbeabletopersuadehim.A.NomatterhowgoodadviceyougiveB.HowevergoodadvicedoyougiveC.NomatterwhatgoodyougiveadviceD.Whatevergoodadviceyougive答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三⑬(2010·浙江三校联考)I'mstuckwiththisproblem;youmayask________knowsbetterthanI.A.anyoneB.nomatterwhoC.whoD.whoever答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三⑭(北京宣武区)________annoyedhimmostwasthathehadreceivednoapology.A.HowB.WhyC.WhatD.Which解析:句意为,最让他烦心的是:还没有人向他道过歉。答案:C英语高考总复习人教版必修三2.由that引导的主语从句,that不充当句子成分,其引导的主语从句,通常用it作形式主语。这样考过⑮(2006·浙江)________isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It解析:本题考查Itis+表语(形、名)+that引导的主语从句。答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三3.由which,when,where,whether等引导的主语从句,可置于谓语动词前,也可用it作形式主语。特例:如果主句是疑问句,就只能用it作形式主语。如:Hasn'titbeendecidedyetwhenandwherewe'llholdthesportsmeeting?还没有决定我们将会在什么时候和地点举行运动会吗?英语高考总复习人教版必修三这样考过⑯(北京崇文区)________reallymakesmeangrywhenIseepeopledroppinglitter.A.ThatB.AsC.WhatD.It解析:此题考查形式主语it的用法it代替when引导的从句做形式主语。答案:D英语高考总复习人教版必修三4.几种常见的含主语从句句型的译法:(1)It'ssaidthat...,据说……(2)It'swrittenthat...,据记载……(3)It'sreportedthat...,据报导……(4)It'swellknownthat...,众所周知……(5)It(so)happensthat...,碰巧……英语高考总复习人教版必修三这样考过⑰(2008·成都)AlbertEinsteinissaid________toplaytheviolininordertorelaxhimselfwhentired.A.tohavelearntB.tobelearningC.tolearnD.learning解析:此句是“ItissaidthatAlbertEinsteinhadlearnttoplaytheviolininordertorelaxhimselfwhen(hewas)tired.”的另外一种表达形式。B项表示动作正在进行;C项表示陈述现在的事实;而爱因斯坦已经学会了拉小提琴,强调的是结果,因此这两项不正确。答案:A英语高考总复习人教版必修三⑱(2010·抚顺六校二模拟)________wasknowntousallthatJohnsonhadbrokenhispromise________hewouldgiveeachofusasmallgift.A.As;whichB.What;thatC.It;thatD.It;which答案:C英语高考总复习人教版必修三三、宾语从句1.作动词的宾语(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略)。但是有两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时,只能省略第一个宾语从句的连词that。Iheard(that)hehadgraduated.英语高考总复习人教版必修三这样考过⑲(湖南浏阳一中)Thedatashows________successfulpeoplehaveincommonis________theyhaveperseverance.A.thatthat;thatB.thatwhat;thatC.whatthat;whatD.allthat;because答案:B英语高考总复习人教版必修三⑳(2007·湖南)Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and________allthelightswereoff,theboyopene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