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必修五unit5知识点详解1Aid(v)帮助;援助=helpsb帮助某人去做….aidsbtodo在…事帮助某人aidsbin…Heaidedmeinbusiness.Iaidedhertocontinueherstudy.AtChristmas,manyorganizationsaidthepoor.n/U/帮助;援助在某人的帮助下withtheaidof为了帮助…inaidofTeachersgivetheirlessonswiththeaidofcomputers.Heraisedmoneyinaidofthesick.知识拓展：give/offeraid援助cometosb.'said帮助某人cutoffaid（突然）终止援助ahearingaid助听器teachingaids教具medicalaid医疗救护2.temporary暂时的，临时的temporaryrelieffrompain短暂的解痛temporarywork/solution临时工作/解决办法3.fallillfall+adj.illasleepawakesicksilent4get+过去分词表被动或状态Thecomputergotdamagedwhenweweremoving.Mybikeisgettingrepairednow.MyglassesgotbrokenwhileIwasplayingbasketball.PeterandMarygotmarriedlastyear.getdonegetinjured受伤getdressed穿衣服getdamaged遭到破坏getchanged改变getmarried结婚getinfected被感染getbroken被弄破getlost迷失，走失5injurev.injurytosth.…（部位）的伤injuriestothelegsgotinjuredinjuryinjuredhurt肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛injure意外或事故而受伤wound指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）6.bleed-blood-bloody(v.)(n.)(adj.)Hisnosewasbleeding.=Hewasbleedingatthenose.=Hehasabloodynose.他在流鼻血。bleedfor为…而流血,悲痛bleedtodeath出血过多而死loseblood流血、失血fleshandblood血肉之躯7.chokevi.&vt.窒息;阻塞Shechokedwithemotion.她激动得说不出话来。Thesmokealmostchokedme.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。Atthebadnews,hecouldn'tchokebackhistear听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。Themangaveafewchokesandthengothisbreath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。8.essentialadj.最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的1)Sunandwaterareessentialtothegrowthofcrops.阳光和水是农作物生长不可缺的。2)Itisessentialforustosetourstudygoal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。3)Itisessentialthatyou(should)winthevoter'shearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。-----当用it充当主语而用它充当表语时，that从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形。9.Youhavethreelayersofskinwhichactasabarrieragainstdisease,…actas作为….barrier屏障,障碍物,隔阂Youshouldshowtheticketatthebarrier.Thelanguagebarrier10poisonn./vt.毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒eg:1)Poisonsmustbeputoutofchildren’sreach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。2)Thismatterwillmakesomepoisontothecrops.这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。3)Booksofthiskindcanmakepoisontochildren.这类书会对儿童造成毒害。4)Heroinhaspoisonedalotofpeople.海洛因毒害了很多人。5)Thepollutedwaterintheriverpoisonedpeoplehere.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。-----poisonousadj.有毒(害)的eg:Thismedicineispoisonousiftakeninlargequantities.11.protect…against/from…保护…不受…的损害prevent…fromdoing阻止．．．protectyoureyesfromstronglighttoprotectyouagainstcoldpreventthemfromgettingmarriedpreventsb.(from)doingstopsb.(from)doingkeepsb.fromdoing12.sense(n.&v.)fivesenses：senseofsmellsenseofhearingthesixthsensesenseoftouchsenseofsightsenseoftastesenseofhumour、duty、directionThemanhasnocommonsense.(无常识)Whathesaidmadenosense.(没道理)sense(v.)感觉到Althoughshedidn’tsayanything,Isensedthatshedidn’tliketheidea.(我感觉到她不喜欢这个主意）13.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious.该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：Soifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious；从句为：asyoucanimagine.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：Asyoucansee,iftheyarenotproperlyprotected,thefarmlandswillbecomedessertssoonerorlater.正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。asweallknow=asisknowntoallasweexpect=asisexpectedaseverybodycanseeasyoucanimagine14.various不同的，各种各样的Therearevariouscolorstochoosefrom.varyvi1.～(insth)——bedifferentinsize,volume,strength,etc(体积、容积、力量等)呈现不同Opinionsvaryonthispoint.15.vary～(withsth);～(fromsthtosth)——change,espaccordingtosomefactor改变,变动,变化（尤指伴随某种因素而产生）Pricesvarywithseasons.物价随季节而变动Hermoodvariedfromoptimismtoextremedepression.她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉varietyn.变化，多样性，种类Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化Theshoppingcentersellsavarietyofgoodsavarietyof+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致16.dependon取决于,依赖,依靠,信赖,信任Hiswholefamilydependsonhim他全家都靠他养活.Heisamantobedependedon他是个可以信赖的人dependent(adj.)dependence(n.)independent(adj.)independence(n.)17.mild-milder-mildest-mildlyExamplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan,stoveorironforamoment.mild在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。如：Edwardsufferedfromamildheartattack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”如：She’sthemildestpersonIhaveevermetinmylife.她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了amildclimate温暖的天气mildcheese淡味奶酪18.词语辨析:electric电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的.electrical有关电的,与电有关的.electricity电,电力.电力学electricgenerator发电机,electriccooker电炉,electriciron电熨斗,electricengineer电机工程师19.swellvt./vi.Swellswelled/swelledswollen使膨胀，使(力量，数目等)增长，使壮大，Thewindswelledthesails.风使船帆鼓起。Hisinjuredwristbegantoswell(up).他那受伤的手腕开始肿起。Herfaceswelledupwithtoothche.Thewindswelledintoastorm.风力渐增，终于形成一场暴风雨。asmallbusinessswelledintoabigcompany.壮大4)Neverswellwithpridewhenyoumakesomecontributions.有了贡献不要沾沾自喜。swellwithpride/anger得意洋洋、怒气冲冲Thedoctorexaminedtheswellingonmyback.swollenadj.肿胀的Hiseyelidisswollen.他眼皮肿了。20.sticksticksth.tosth.粘住Stickthegluetomyfingers.sticktodoingsthstickto坚持sticktoone’sview坚持自己的观点21.jewellery=jewelry珠宝(总称)不可数jewel可数，珠宝，珍视的人、物jeweljewelleryjewelsSheappearedatthereceptionwearingherfinestjewels.Shelockedherjewelsinthejewellerybox.22.Coolburnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticywater.立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水-y是个形容词后缀。如：windy有风hilly多小山的sleepy困倦的greeny略呈绿色的spicy辛辣的woody树木茂密的23.unbearable不能忍受的un—不能….,无法….unforgettableunwillingunusualuncertainunfairunfitunbelievableunfortunateunlikeuncomfortable24.squeeze挤；压；塞squeezesth.intosth.把……塞进squeezesth.from/outofsth.挤出squeezethrough挤过squeezesth.outofsb.敲诈逼某人说出Isqueezedmyselfontothecrowdedtrain.Hesqueezedeverythingintoasu