初中英语语法连词专题

Topic:连词Teacher:WangKepingFrom:No.2middleschool连词用法解析主讲：王克平连词wordwordphrasephrasesentencesentence连词连词连词的作用：把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分。二、连词分类：并列连词从属连词—连词：and,but,or,so,(for)连词词组:either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,both…and,(aswellas)that，whether,if,unless,while/when,until,because,sothat,so…that,though/although,evenif,as…as等连词按其性质可分为：从属连词并列连词联合转折选择因果（1）表示联合关系，联合的双方是对等的，意义上趋向一致。常用连词有：and“和”both...and“两者都”neither...nor“既不…也不…”notonly...butalso“不但…而且…”aswellas“也”Eg:我喜欢苹果和香蕉。Ilikeapplesandbananas.Ilikebothapplesandbananas.Ilikenotonlyapplesbutalsobananas.我不喜欢苹果和香蕉。Ilikeneitherapplesnorbananas.Eg:你和Tom都是我的好朋友。YouandTomaremygoodfriends.BothyouandTomaremygoodfriends.NotonlyyoubutalsoTomismygoodfriend.你和Tom都不是我的好朋友。NeitheryounorTomismygoodfriend.就近原则就近原则那些学生和她都喜欢音乐。Thestudentsaswellasshemusic.like（2）表示转折关系，连接的双方构成对比，意义上有转折。常用连词有buteg：YoucanwatchTV,butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.（3）表示选择关系的连词，连接的双方只取其一。常用连词有or“或者”either...or“或者…或者”eg：你今天或明天可以去北京。YoucangotoBeijingeithertodayortomorrow.YoucangotoBeijingtodayortomorrow.你必须早点起床，否则你就会迟到。Youmustgetupearlyoryouwillbelate.Eg:或者你或者他是中国人。EitheryouorheisChinese.或者他或者你是中国人。EitherheoryouareChinese.就近原则either…or…小试牛刀1._______Lily_____Lucycangowithyou,becauseoneofthemshouldstayathome.2._________Lily_____Lucycangowithyou,becausetheyshoulddotheirhomeworktonight.3.______Lily______Lucycangowithyou,______theyshouldfinishtheirhomeworkatfirst.EitherorNeithernorBothandbut（4）表示因果关系，连接的双方，互为因果，或者前因后果，或者前果后因。常用的连词有：for“因为”so“所以”+原因+结果Eg:一定已经下过雨了，因为地面是湿的。Itmusthaverained,forthegroundiswet.刚才下雨了，所以地面湿了。Itrainedjustnow,sothegroundiswet.例1：Cometomorrow,Iwillgiveittoyou.A．orB．andC．thoughD．if提示：and在此处解释为“那么”，表示递进关系。√例5：Theteacherhisstudentslikesfootball.A．andB．aswellasC．andalsoD．also提示：aswellas连接两个主语用靠前原则。√用法例析1.并列连词---连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的有：(1)表并列关系的and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor，aswellas（也，和）等。(2)表选择关系的or,either…or等。(3)表转折关系的but,however等。(4)表因果关系的for,so等。考点一：1）判断改错：Theysatdownandtalkaboutsomething.Theystartedtodanceandsang.Isawtwomensittingbehindandatethere.FFFeatingsingtalkedand(“和，并且”)与or(“否则”)“and”连接平行结构。（1）肯定句中用“and”表“和”；（2）否定句中用“or”表“和”。2）翻译：①我喜欢英语和数学。②我不喜欢英语和数学。IlikeEnglish_____math.Idon’tlikeEnglish____math.andor=Studyhard,_____yourmathwillbeworse.3）用“and”或“or”填空：Studyhard,_____yourmathwillbebetter.andor“and”意为“这样，那么”；“or”意为“否则”。表转折的连词but和however：e.g.(他努力工作，但以失败告终。)Heworkedhard,______hefailedatlast.Heworkedhard._________,hefailedatlast.区别:but后没有逗号，直接连接分句；however后有逗号相隔，可放句末。butHowever考点二：观察句子：（1）Althoughheisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.改为：Althoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers.或Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.（2）“BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.”*although/though和but这两个关联词不能同时用。???同样，此句错误，because和so等关联词都不能同时使用。考点三：eitherAorB“或者A或者B”neitherAnorB“既不A也不B”notonlyAbutalsoB“不仅A而且B”---连词词组：①EitheryouorI_____goingtotheparty.(或者你或者我将去晚会。)②NeitherInorhe______seenthemovie.（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）③Notonlyyoubutalsohe________French.（不但你而且他也讲法语。）【连接主语时“就近原则”】amhasspeaks考点四2.从属连词---用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since,assoonas等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if,unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because,as,since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的sothat,inorderthat等。(5)引导让步状语从句的though,although,evenif等。(6)引导结果状语从句的sothat,so…that,such…that等。(7)引导比较状语从句的than,as…as等。(8)引导宾语从句的that,if,whether等。Mr.Whitewastakingashower_____theUFOlandedonthestreet.A.whereB.whileC.whenD.whetherCWhileMr.Whitewastakingashower，theUFOlandedonthestreet.考点六“when”和“while”when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词，也为可持续动词；但while只能是可持续动词。考点七我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。Myfather______comebackuntilwehadsupper.not…until/till直到……才…till直到……为止翻译：他直到3岁才会讲话。He______getupuntilhismotherwakeshimup.didn’t他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。He_________speakuntilhewas3.couldn’tdoesn’tHetooktheMP3playerwithhim_____hecouldenjoymusicduringthetrip.A.becauseB.sothatC.whenB考点八他起早是为了赶上早班车。(表目的)①Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.②Hegotupearlysothathecaughttheearlybus.他起早，结果赶上了早班车。（表结果）Hegotupsoearlythathecaughttheearlybus.so…thatsothat：①为了；②所以，结果如此……以致FunnyHusband(H)&Wife(W)aboutShopping情境对话：H：“Whatarewegoingtodo,mydear？”W:“Goshopping.”H：“Wecandonothing___________shopping.”W：“Infact,_______you_____Ilikeshopping.”H:“Whymustyoudothethings_____youdon’tlike?”W:“___myskirtsareoutofstyle,___Iwanttobuyanewone.”W:（Intheclothingshop.）…Idon’tknow___theyfitme.”H:“Idon’tknow____________youreallylike.Justgoinsideandtrythemon.”H：（对seller笑笑）“Canyoutalktomeforafewminutes？”S：Why?H：Because_________________mywifesees(that)Iamtalkingtootherladies,shewillbeangryatonceandleave.S：“Thenwhydoyoulethergo?”H：“Iwanttoleave________Iwon’tpayforthem.”根据对话内容,填入适当连词。except/butneitherthatBecausesoifwhat/whichif/when/assoonasand/sothatnor