精选资料可修改编辑毕业设计题目智能垃圾桶系统的设计姓名许志兴学号20119811系部理工系年级专业2011级电子信息工程指导教师徐丽莎年月日精选资料可修改编辑摘要本文设计了一种基于STC89C52RC的多功能垃圾箱控制系统。该系统主要由超声波测距电路、光电感应模块、电机驱动模块和语音报警模块等功能模块组成,以超声波传感器、RPR220光电传感器和单片机为核心,通过传感器采集距离信息,再经过A/D转换让单片机发出指令,如果超声波传感器检测到人与垃圾箱的距离小于设定距离,则垃圾箱自动翻盖,如果RPR220光电检测到垃圾箱已满,系统就会进行语音提示。本系统具有结构简单、性能稳定、操作方便、低成本、智能化等优点,为进一步隔离人与垃圾,防止人感染细菌找到了一个可行的解决方法。关键词:单片机,超声波传感器,RPR220光电传感器,垃圾箱精选资料可修改编辑TitleAMultifunctionalBinControlSystemAbstract:ThispaperdesignsamultifunctionalbincontrolsystembasedonSTC89C52RC.Thecoresofthissystemareultrasonicsensor,RPR220photoelectricsensorandsinglechipmicrocomputer(SCM).Itconsistsofpowercircuit,sensorcircuit,clockcircuitandvoicealarmmodule,etc.Usingthesensortocollectdistanceinformation,thentheinformationistobeconversedbyA/D,causestheSCMissuesaninstruction.Iftheultrasonicsensordetectsthatthedistancebetweenpeopleanddustbinissmallerthansetdistance,dustbinlidwouldopenautomatically.IfRPR220photoelectricdetectsthatdustbinischock-full,thesystemwouldissueavoicemessage.Thissystemhasadvantagesofsimplestructure,stableperformance,convenientoperation,lowcostandintelligentization.Andwouldrealizeautomaticflipofdustbin,voicepromptofdustbinbeingchock-fullandregularsprayingdisinfectant.Thusitisafeasiblemethodtocompletelyisolatepeopleandrubbish,andpreventpeoplefrominfectingwiththebacteriaongarbage.Keyterms:singlechipmicrocomputer,Ultrasonicsensors,RPR220photoelectric精选资料可修改编辑sensors,dustbin目录1引言................................................................................................................................................51.1选题的依据及意义.........................................................................................................................61.2我国垃圾处理现状........................................................................................................................71.3垃圾处理建议.................................................................................................................................82系统整体实现.................................................................................................................................102.1系统整体实现...............................................................................................................................102.2单片机最小系统..........................................................................................................................112.2.1STC89C52RC单片机简介.......................................................................................................112.2.2复位电路..................................................................................................................................132.2.3晶振电路..................................................................................................................................142.3光电感应模块..............................................................................................................................152.4电机驱动模块..............................................................................................................................162.5超声波测距模块..........................................................................................................................182.6语音模块.....................................................................................................................................182.7电源模块.....................................................................................................................................19精选资料可修改编辑3系统软件实现.................................................................................................................................203.1系统程序总体流程图...................................................................................................................203.2超声波测距模块的程序设计........................................................................................................213.3控制电机正反转的程序设计........................................................................................................24结论................................................................................................................................................28致谢................................................................................................................................................29参考文献......................................................................................................................................301引言社区即是公共场所,又不同于一般的公共场所,它是人们饮食起居的一个大的家庭。一般的公共场所,垃圾桶所收容的垃圾多半为饮料瓶和一些纸类等固体物品,比较容易分类和回收。但在有的小区中,社区垃圾桶设计显然没有考虑到地域性的特点,在社区内安放的是一般公共场所所用的垃圾桶。由于生活垃圾种类的多样性,以及如何分类,除臭除蚊蝇等问题的欠缺,就容易产生诸多的问题。秉承以人为本的理念,方便人们的生活,同时又要环保节能,需要设计新型垃圾箱。精选资料可修改编辑1.1选题的依据及意义目前,随着我国人口的不断增长和人民生活水平的提高,城市生活垃圾每年以5%~10%的速度增长,这对城市的发展和人们的生活环境造成了很大的影响[1]。据报道,我国历年垃圾的堆积量达60多亿吨,占用的土地面积超过5亿平方米[2],仅城市垃圾的年产量约1.5亿吨,近200座城市无适合场所堆放垃圾。虽然垃圾卫生填埋、垃圾发电、垃圾制沼气等技术为垃圾处理开辟了新途径,但在垃圾无害化处理之前,首要解决的问题是垃圾的分类收集和回收再利用,以及初步的杀菌消毒[3]。目前作为存放垃圾的垃圾桶往往留出专门的投物口,这样很容易污染周边环境。此外,工作人员往往需要逐个检查并清理垃圾桶,以防止垃圾溢出。此管理模式效率很低。目前,垃圾桶样式和结构单一化,不能较好地发挥分类回收,蚊蝇滋生、污水四溢、异味难耐等弊端暴露