介词及介词短语解读

高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单专题四介词与介词短语高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单基础检测高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【典例1】TheWellHotelstandsinaquietplace________themainroadatthefarendofthelake.off高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【典例2】__________alltheanimalsI'veeverhad，thesetwodogsarethemostsensitivetothespokenword.Of高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【知识链接】from，to，for，into，of，off，withfrom表示“从……”，以及“时间或地点的起始点”to到……(目的地)去，向……for向……，表目的、方向；原因into进入；反义“outof”of所属关系“……的”off表地点(包括动向)，“离开”with表使用“手段”“方式”；表“所属”；“对于”高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单角度2介词的搭配【典例1】Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare______it.against高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【典例2】Withnewtechnology，picturesofunderwatervalleyscanbetakencolor.in高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【知识链接】——介词的常用搭配形式①介词＋名词：inturn轮流；indanger危险中；outoforder出故障；bynomeans决不②名词＋介词：reasonfor……的原因；effect/influenceon对……的影响③形容词＋介词：angrywith对(某人)生气；concernedabout关心④动词＋介词：laughat嘲笑；agreeon对……达成协议高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单⑤动词＋副词＋介词：goinfor爱好；从事；putupwith忍受⑥动词＋名词＋介词：takeadvantageof利用；payattentionto注意⑦动词＋sb/sth＋介词：preventsbfrom...阻止某人做……；remindsbof...提醒某人……高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【知识链接】①表原因的介词短语becauseof，dueto，thanksto，inthatbecauseof“因为，由于”，通常作状语，位于句首或句尾。dueto“由于，因为”，通常作表语。thanksto“幸亏，多亏”，既可用于褒义，又可用于贬义，多用于句首。inthat由于，因为，跟从句。②其他常考短语，incase以防，invain徒劳地，asfor(to)至于，accountfor解释，说明，referto提到，参考，indoubt怀疑，等。高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单备考策略1．结合具体语境理解in，out，up，down，on，off，to，from，for，over，with的活用。2．介词与名词、形容词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活，意义丰富，要切实理解。3．归类记忆介词与动词、名词、形容词的习惯搭配。高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单重点突破1．特定的形容词之后要求用特定的介词。如：be＋absentfrom缺席astonishedat对……感到惊讶contentwith满足于consistentwith与……一致ashamedof感到惭愧2．有些形容词后可跟不同介词，但意义不同。如：be＋angrywith对某人生气angryat/about因某事生气高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单3．易错常考的介词和介词搭配(1)of＋抽象名词＝形容词of＋great＋抽象名词＝very＋形容词of＋no＋抽象名词＝not＋形容词＝带否定前缀un或否定后缀less的形容词Itisofnouse＝Itisnotuseful.＝Itisuseless.(2)to与情感名词连用，表示“某种行动后产生的感觉”，常译为“令某人……的”。toone'sdelight/surprise/sorrow/joy/regret＝tothedelight/surprise/sorrow/joy/regretofsb高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单体验高考高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单防范1思维定势，语境理解有误【典例】Doyouthinkthisshirtistootighttheshoulders？across高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单防范3介词词意不准确【典例】I'msorryIdidn'tphoneyou,butI'vebeenverybusy__________thepastcoupleofweeks.over高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单【名师支招】①高考中对介词的考查很灵活。由于介词不能单独充当某一成分，而总是与动词或名词等连用组成介词短语，所以对介词的考查更多地融合在时态或句型中，因此需要考生全面理解试题的含义及结构，而不能孤立地考虑介词的一般含义。②做题时，不要细抠字眼，要从全局着眼，把握整个句子的意思，如此才能正确理解全句的意思，作出正确的选择。③介词与句型的融合使用，成为近几年的高考趋势，熟记句型和搭配是非常关键的。高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单专题测试高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单用适当的介词或副词填空。1.Thereare12children______boardtheship.2.I’dliketoeatout,but______theotherhandIshouldbetryingtosavemoney.3.Don’tworry;helpis______hand!4.Theysaythatgeniusoftengoeshand______handwithmadness.5.Didyouhandyourhomework______ontime?1.on2.on3.at4.in5.in高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单6.Tom,couldyoustarthandingthesebooks______please?7.Itwillfitifyoustandit______end.8.Turnright______theendoftheroad.9.Yoursuggestionsarenotinharmony______theaimsofthisproject.10.Hespentafewmonthsknocking______Africa.6.out7.on8.at9.with10.around/about高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单用适当的介词填空。1.Shesaidshewouldn’tsetfoot______theroomuntilithadbeencleaned.2.Ittakesabout30minutesonfoot,or10minutes______car.3.Herhusbandwasalwaysnicetoher______public.4.She’sbeenhere___thebeginningoftheyear.5.Thewholetripwasadisaster__beginningtoend.6.Thesediscoveriesmaythrownewlight______theoriginsoftheuniverse.1.in2.by3.in4.since5.from6.on/upon高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单用适当的介词填空。1.Thetwobuildingsaresimilar____thewhole.2.Theteacherlimitedhisstudents____500wordsfortheircompositions.3.Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipate____thediscussion.4.Hevaluedthehouseforme____20,000pounds,whichisbeyondmyfinancialability.5.Heishopingtocompete_____theLondonmarathon.1.on2.to3.in4.at5.in高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单6.Hetried____vaintocatchthebutterflyontheflower.7.Iamnotreallyfamiliar_____theirlocallaws;you’dbetterturntoalawyerforhelp.8.Shehasbeeninhospitalfordaysbutherillnessjuststarted____acommoncold.9.AsthePresident’scardrewup,thecrowdbroke____loudapplause.10.Don’tyouknowthatthefabricwaspainted____hand?6.in7.with8.with9.into10.by高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单用适当的介词填空。1.I’mcompletely______seawiththenewregulations.2.AngkorWatisafamoustemplewhichdates______theeleventhcentury.3.______yourarrival,pleasereporttothereceptiondesk.4.Sheappealedtothejudgetohavemercy______herhusband.5.Sheburiedherface______herhandsandbegantosob.1.at2.from3.Upon/On4.on5.in高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单6.Wouldyoumindwaiting?I’mtending______anothercustomeratthemoment.7.Itisthoughtthatterroristshadahand______theexplosion.8.______theaverage,peoplewhodon’tsmokearehealthierthanpeoplewhodo.9.Kids,willyoustoparguing______eachother?10.Theycaredfortheirdisabledsonfor27years,______greatpersonalsacrifice.6.to7.in8.On9.with10.at高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单1.“Youwentlate_______thestadiumyesterdayevening,didn’tyou?”“Yes,mywifewasalittlelate_______thesupper.”2.Sometimesouropinionsdiffer_______whatwechoosetoobserveandhowwedealwithwhatwe’veobserved.towithbecauseof高考命题视角考场失分防范专题知识清单3.“Howlonghaveyoubeenanactor?”“_______1995,whenIgraduatedfromcollege.”4.“Whendidyoubecameanactor?”“_______1995,whenIgraduatedfromcollege.”5.“Howlonghaveyouworkedonthefarm?”“____theendoflastyear.”6.“Howlongwillyou