基于知识获取视角的创新决定因素研究

华中科技大学博士学位论文基于知识获取视角的创新决定因素研究姓名：刘锦英申请学位级别：博士专业：技术经济及管理指导教师：聂鸣20070513I2871234II5“”“”“”“”“”“”“”IIIAbstractKnowledge,asanimportantdeterminantofinnovation,hasbeenwidelyadmittedandstudiedinthemanagementliteratures.However,whetherinthetheoryliteraturesortheempiricalstudies,therelationshipbetweenknowledgeacquisitionandinnovationhasnotbeenexploredentirely.Basedonthetheoryoforganizationalinnovativeness,thisdissertationsummarizesandanalyzestheresearchcontentsofdeterminantsofinnovationintheperspectiveofknowledgeacquisition.Furthermore,bymeansoftheoreticaldeduction,literatureresearch,expertconsultationandstatisticalanalysis,thedissertationdevelopsananalysisframeworkofpatternsofknowledgeacquisition,studiestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentpatterns,andanalyzestherelationshipsbetweenbackgroundcharacteristicsandinnovationandpatternsofknowledgeacquisition.Then,theuseof287photoelectronenterprisesassamplesandusingtheresearchmodelandthehypothesespresentedasstartingpoint,theimpactsoninnovativeperformance,whichareproducedbythepatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandtheirbackgroundcharacteristics,areexaminedrespectively.Atthesametime,therelationshipofinternalandnon-internalpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandtherelationshipbetweenthesepatternsandbackgroundcharacteristicsareempiricallyanalyzed.Finally,themoderatingeffectsofbackgroundcharacteristicsontherelationshipsbetweenpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandinnovativeperformancearealsotested.Themainconclusionsareasfollows:(1)Theanalysisonpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionshowsthatenterprisescanobtainknowledgefromalotofpatterns.Differentpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionhavedifferentrequirementsonenterprise’resourcesandcapabilitiesandhavedifferentadvantagesanddisadvantages.Toimprovetheinnovativeperformance,thepatternsofknowledgeacquisitionshouldbeenrationallyselectedandcombinedbyenterprises.(2)ThefindingsprovidesupportforthenecessityofmeasuringinnovativeIVperformancethroughmulti-indexes.Thenumberofpatentsapplied,thesalepercentageofinnovativeproductandthedegreeofnoveltyofproductarechosenastheindexestomeasureinnovativeperformance.Theempiricalresultsindicatethat,ononehand,alotofusefulinformationcannotbecapturedonlybyasinglemeasurementindex,ontheotherhand,comparedtothetwoconventionalmeasures,namelythenumberofpatentsappliedandthesalepercentageofinnovativeproduct,thedegreeofnoveltyofproductisamoreintegrativeindex,butitslimitationisrelativelysubjective.Therefore,thecombinationofthethreeindexesmightyieldmorevaluablyempiricalresults.(3)Fortherelationshipbetweenpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandinnovativeperformance,theempiricalresultsrevealthat()notallpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionhelptosignificantlyincreasetheinnovativeperformanceandthecomplementofinternalandnon-internalpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionismorefavorabletoimproveinnovativeperformance.(4)Thestatisticalresultsindicatethatinadditiontosignificantlyinfluencingthechoiceofenterprisesonpatternsofknowledgeacquisition,theenterprisesizestillhasdirectimportantimpactsoninnovativeperformanceandcanprominentlymoderatetherelationshipbetweenpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandinnovativeperformance.Thisstudyfindsthatthepatternsofknowledgeacquisitionpreferredbytheenterpriseswithdifferentsizearedifferent.Moreover,theenterpriseswithlargersizecanmakeuseofmorepatternsofknowledgeacquisition.Asfarastherelationshipbetweenenterprisesizeandinnovativeperformanceisconcerned,thefindingsshowtheirrelationshipisdifferentasthemeasurementindexofinnovativeperformanceisdifferent.Sowecannotsimplysaythatlargeenterprisesaremoreinnovativethansmallenterprisesorsmallenterprisesaremoreinnovativethanlargeenterprises.Theanalysisonthemoderatingeffectsofenterprisesizeindicatesthattheenterprisesizecansignificantlymoderatetherelationshipbetweenpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandinnovativeperformance.(5)Theempiricalanalysisshowsthat,besidesaninnovativeculturecharacteristic,Vnamely“encouragementtoparticipatein,willingnesstoempower”,theotherthreeinnovativeculturecharacteristics,namely“encouragementtotakerisks,tolerancetofail”,“beliefintheimportanceofinnovation”and“willingnesstoexchangeideas”,cannotonlyimposecertainimpactsonthechoiceofpatternsofknowledgeacquisition,butalsohavesignificantpositiveeffectoninnovativeperformanceandareabletoprominentlymoderatetherelationshipbetweenpatternsofknowledgeacquisitionandinnovativeperformance.Alltheseresultsembodythecontingencynatureofinnovativecultureandalsoreflecttheimportanceofinnovativecultureideassuchas“encouragementtotakerisks,tolerancetofail”,“beliefintheimportanceofinnovation”and“willingnesstoexchangeideas”.Keywords:KnowledgeAcquisition;DeterminantsofInnovation;PatternsofKnowledgeAcquisition;BackgroundCharacteristicsofKnowledgeAcquisition;InnovationMeasurement;InnovativePerformance□_____□“√”11[1][2]“”[3]1.11.1.119789.3“”20002004IT22003317.42740[4]“”“MadeinChina”“”[5][6]31.1.2SchumpeterPoter[7]Drucker[8]“”“18”[9][10]500ArthurD.Little19981066984[11]50[12][13]1.2[14]4[15][16]“”[17][15][18][2](1)5[19][20]·(2)[21][22][23](3)[24][25][23]6[26][27][28]200714“”“”[29]-