阅读理解-课件

第一章阅读理解专题Warmingup1.Asayounggirlgrowingupinthe1930s,Ialwayswantedtoflyaplane,butbackthenitwasalmostunheardofforawomantodothat.Igotatasteofthatdreamin2011，whenmyhusbandarrangedformetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday.（2011年高考英语北京A篇）Q:Whathappenedtotheauthorin2011？A.Sheflewanairplane.B.Sheenteredacompetition.C.Shewentonahotairballoonride.D.Shemovedintoaretirementcommunity.__________Helongsforconversationswithaneditorwhowillhelphimturnhisgoodideasintogreatones.Hewantssomeonetogetexcitedaboutwhathe'sdoingandtohelphimturnhisstoryideaupsidedownandinsideout，exploringthebestwaystoreportit.Hewantstobemorevaluableforyourpaper.（2010年高考英语北京B篇）Q:Whatdoesthereporterwantmostfromhiseditorsintheirtalks？A.Findingthenewsvalueofhisstories.B.Givinghimfinancialsupport.C.Helpinghimtofindissues.D.Improvinghisgoodideas.____________________________________________________________SheturnedupatthedoorstepofmyhouseinCornwall.NowaycouldIhavesentheraway.Noway,notmeanyway.Maybesomeonehadkickedheroutoftheircarthenightbefore.“We'removinghouse”;“Nospaceforheranymorewiththebabycoming.”“Weneverreallywantedher，butwhatcouldwehavedone？Shewasapresent.”Peoplefindallsortsofexcusesforabandoningananimal.AndshewasoneofthemostbeautifuldogsIhadeverseen.Q:HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutGoldiewhenGoldiecametothehouse？（2010年高考英语北京A篇）A.Shocked.B.Sympathetic.C.Annoyed.D.Upset.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step1:阅读理解文章体裁分析记叙文：往往按时间顺序展开段落，文章有明显表示时间先后的词语。阅读时抓住时间这条主线，弄清who、what、where、why与how。描写文：通过细节的描写，以画面的方式来反应事物的特征、性质。对这种文章要迅速弄清其主题，主题词往往出现在各个句子里，贯穿文章的始末；紧围绕这个主题进行阅读，找到文章与之有关的信息，并确定信息与主题的关系。说明文：多见于科普文章，用以解释或揭示事物的状态、特征、演变、结果及其相互之间的关系，这类文体的文章，首句往往是主题句，开门见山，说明文章的关注对象：弄清作者的思路和段落组织的方式；把握次要信息及其与主题的关系。议论文：阅读难在这种文章处处都渗透作者的个人观点、态度。阅读议论文应该从文体的写作和结构特点入手.文章的结构往往容易把握，主题句开门见山。作者往往通过信号词(signalwords或transitionalwords)和关联词(referents来组织段落、文章，对信号词的迅速反应和对关联词的准确判断是至关重要的；要特别注意区分作者的观点与文章里所提到的人物的观点，同时注意作者所使用的表示赞同、反对等感情色彩的词汇。Step2:阅读理解命题方式（一）细节理解题1)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheinformationinthepassage?(三正一误)2)Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingexcept...（三正一误）3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?（三误一正）4)Thewritermentionsalloftheitemslistedbelowexcept______.（三正一误）5)Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?（三误一正）6)Whatistheexampleof...asdescribedinthepassage?（三误一正）7)Thereasonfor...is...（三误一正）8)Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc.)...（三误一正）9)Fromthepassageweknowthat______.（三误一正）10)Inthepassage,theauthorstatesthat______.（三误一正）当堂导练一：Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.（二）主旨大意题1）Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageisabout____．2）Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthethemeofthepassage？3）Inthispassagetheauthordiscussesprimarily____．4）Thepassageismostlyabout____．5）Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout____．6）Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage？7）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？8）Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis_____.9）Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto…10）Thepassageismeantto….11）Thepurposeofthisarticleisto…解主题大意题时，可用以下方法：1）认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。2）文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。3）文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。例如：Onthewhole,inshort,therefore…,Iagreewiththeopinionthat…,Givenallthesepointsabove,Iwouldsupporttheideathat…,Forallthereasonsmentionedabove,Iwouldprefer…等后。如何寻找主题句Sample1Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.Somefeelthattheyhaven'teatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishandeatoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrainsandwouldenjoyamealofspaghetti,eggplant,andfreshfruit.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfast--foods:ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.主题句在段首：一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。_________________________________________________Sample2Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcanbedevisedtosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据,层层推理论证,最后自然得出结论,即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sample3Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightonadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhand.Acamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.当主题句被安排在段中间时,通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出,而后又作进一步的解释,支撑或发展._______________________________________________________________________________________（三）推理题1)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.2)Fromthetextweknowthat______.3)Thestoryimpliesthat______.4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe___.5)Thewriter’sattitudetoward...is__