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thePassiveVoice被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+（及物动词）过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.WecallthesnowmanMr.Strong.ThesnowmaniscalledMr.Strong.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.3．AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.Thebasketmaybecarriedbyhimeasily.Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.5.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时被动结构：will+be+过去分词Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.Herhomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.is/am/aregoingto+be+ppWorkershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：S+am/is/are+P.PS+was/were+P.P.S+can/may/must/should+be+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+am/is/are+being+P.P.S+have/has+been+P.P.S+was/were+being+P.P.被动语态的用法1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。这块手表是中国制造的。ThiswatchismadeinChina.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者每年都应该种更多的树。Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.何时使用被动语态呢？3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.4.句子的主语是动作的承受者。许多房屋被冲走了。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．Exercises:一.选择填空:1.Windowsofglass.A.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehousein2004.A.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.usedCCA1).不及物动词没有被动语态。如：belong,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,等。*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have/fitIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．系动词没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。Thefishtastesgood.Thescarffeelssoft.2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动表被动意义。例：Itsmellswonderful.Mooncakestastedelicious.①Goodmedicine___bittertothemouth.A.tastesB.istastedC.taste②Thispen___well.A.issoldB.sellC.sells感官动词,和sell等动词用主动语态表被动.5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。Thebooksellswell.Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.这书卖完了。Thebookissoldout.一感二听三使四看feel/hearlisten/makehavelet/lookseewatchnotice这十大动词在主动句中动词用原形，但在变为被动语态时必须加上to1带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavelistentohearseenoticelookatWeusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom.Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom.•4.want/need+doing=want/need+tobedone例：Mybikeneedsrepairing.•=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.•我的自行车需要修理。Manypeople___duringtheearthquakeinMay,2008.A.werediedB.deadC.diedhappen,last,die等动词不使用被动.把下列主动句改为被动句①Lilywritesmanyletterseveryday.②Theyvisitedthisfarmlastyear.ManylettersarewrittenbyLilyeveryday.Thisfarmwasvisitedbythemlastyear.1.Theboycleanedthedeskamomentago.Thedesk____________bytheboyamomentago.2.Wewillplant2000treesnextyear.2000trees_______________byusnextyear.把下列句子变成被动语态wascleanedwillbeplanted