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Magneticpowderflawdetectionstandardsandprocesses磁粉探伤检验规范及工艺流程1、Referencestandardandspecification引用标准、规范ASME709Recommendedstandardoperatingmethodsofmagneticparticletesting.2、Magneticparticletestingpersonnel磁粉检测人员3.1PractitionersshouldinaccordancewiththeASNT-TC-1Aand《Supervisionandmanagementregulationsonthenon-destructiveinspectionpersonnelforspecialequipment》toobtainthecorrespondingqualificationofnondestructivedetection.从业人员应按ASNT-TC-1A和《特种设备无损检查人员考核与监督管理规定》的要求，取得相应无损检测资格。3.2Nondestructivetestingpersonnelqualificationgradeareasfollows:III(high)level、II(intermediate)level.ThepersonnelobtainthedifferentNDTmethodsandqualificationlevelcanonlybeengagedtheincorrespondingworkonthesamemethodandthesamequalificationlevel,andatthesametimeshouldberesponsibleforthecorrespondingresponsibility.无损检测人员资格的分级为：Ⅲ（高）级、Ⅱ（中）级。取得不同无损检测方法和资格级别人员，只能从事于该方法和资格级别相应的工作，并负责相应的叫声责任。3.3Magneticparticletestingpersonnel’snearvisionordistantvisionshouldnotbelessthan5uncorrectedwillcorrection(Decimalvaluesis1.0).TestmethodshouldbeconsistentwiththeprovisionsofGB11533.磁粉检测人员未经矫正会矫正的近（距）视力或远（距）视力应不低于5.0（小数记录值为1.0）。测试方法应符合GB11533的规定。3.4NondestructivetestingpersonnelshouldconductavisualinspectioneveryyearaccordingtotheprovisionsofASNT-TC-1A,shallbenocolorblindness.无损检测人员应根据ASNT-TC-1A的规定，每年进行一次视力检查，不得有色盲。4、Testequipment,equipmentandmaterials检测设备、器材和材料4.1MagneticparticleinspectionmachineMagneticparticleinspectionmachineshouldbekeepgoodmaintenanceintheeffectiveperiod.Theliftingforceofalternatingcurrentelectromagneticyokeshallbe45Nandthedirectcurrentelectromagneticyokeatleast177N.Testcycleisevery6months.磁粉探伤机磁粉探伤机，在有效适用期内应良好的保养。交流电磁轭应有45N的提升力，直流电磁轭至少应有177N的提升力。检测周期为6个月一次。4.2MagneticsuspensionMagneticsuspensionconcentrationshouldbebasedonthetypeofmagneticparticle,thestrength,appliedmethodandexaminedworkpiecesurfaceconditionandotherfactorstodetermine.Theoilmachineuseformoistsurfaceworkpieceneedtorecleaningoraddmorepowderoraddmorewettingagentifthereisnotacompletewetting.磁悬液磁悬液浓度应根据磁粉种类、力度、施加方法和被检工件表面状况等因素来确定。用于完全润湿工件表面的油机介质，如出现不完全润湿，要从新进行清洗或添加更多磁粉或添加更多润湿剂。4.3DemagnetizationdeviceDemagnetizationdeviceshouldbeabletoguaranteetheremanenceofthesurfaceisnotmorethan0.3mT(240A/m)afterdemagnetization.退磁装置退磁装置应能保证退磁后，表面剩磁不大于0.3mT（240A/m）。4.4AuxiliaryequipmentThemagneticfieldstrengthmeterStandardtestpieceA1(orCX)FieldindicatorMagneticsuspensionconcentrationtester(pipe)Magnifierhave2~10magnification.辅助设备磁场强度计标准试片A1(或CX)磁场指示器磁悬液浓度测试仪(管)2~10倍放大镜。5、Surfaceofexaminedworkpiece被检工件表面Cleanthesurfaceofexaminedworkpiece,thereshallbenooil,rust,scaleorotheradhesivesubstances.Thetestpiecesurfaceirregularities,shallnoeaffectthecorrectnessandcompletenessofthedetectionresults.清洁被检工件表面，不得有油脂、铁锈、氧化皮或其他粘附磁粉的物质。被检工件表面不规则状态，不得影响检测结果的正确性和完整性。6、Testproceduresandprocesses检测操作规程及工艺6.1Usemagneticsuspensionconcentrationprecipitationtubeorconcentrationmeasuringinstrumenttomeasurethemagneticparticleconcentration,TheconcentrationrangeshowninTable1.Table1MagneticsuspensionconcentrationMagneticparticletypePreparationconcentrationg/LPrecipitationconcentration（Containingsolids）mL/100mLNonfluorescentmagneticparticle10~251.2~2.4Fluorescentmagneticparticle0.5~3.00.1~0.4用磁悬液浓度沉淀管或浓度测试仪测量磁粉浓度，浓度范围见表1。表1磁悬液浓度磁粉种类配制浓度g/L沉淀浓度（含固体量）mL/100mL非荧光磁粉10~251.2~2.4荧光磁粉0.5~3.00.1~0.46.2Detectionoftheworkpiecesurface：Assessmentofdefectmagneticshouldbecarriedoutundervisiblelightofnonfluorescentmagneticparticledetectionandthedetectionofsurfacevisiblelightilluminationisnotlessthan1000lx.Whenusingtheportabletester,visiblelightilluminationisnotlessthan500lx.Whenusefluorescentmagneticparticledetection,theblacklightlampontheworkpiecesurfaceirradianceisgreaterthanorequalto1000μW/cm2.Inadditiontokeeptestingplacenootherinterference.检测工件表面：非荧光磁粉检测时，缺陷磁痕的评定应在可见光下进行，其检测表面可见光照度不小于1000lx，当采用便携式检测仪时，可见光照度不小于500lx。荧光磁粉检测时，所用黑光灯在工件表面的辐照度大于或等于1000μW/cm2。另外要保持检测场所没有其他干扰作用的杂物。6.3Usethemagneticfieldstrengthmetertomeasurementmagneticfieldintensityandthesizeisintherangeof30~60c.用磁场强度计测量磁场强度的大小在30~60c范围内。6.4Usestandardtestpiecetotestthecomprehensiveperformanceofequipment,magneticparticleandmagneticsuspension.用标准试片检验检测设备、磁粉和磁悬液的综合性能。6.4.1ChosetheA1standardtestpiece,ifthesurfaceofthespecimenisrust,wrinkleormagneticpropertieschangemaynotcontinuetouse.选用A1型标准试片，试片表面有锈蚀、皱折或磁特性发生改变时不得继续使用。6.4.2Thestandardtestpiecewithartificialdefectsfacedownandpastingontheinspectedsurfacesmooth.将试片人工缺陷的面朝下，将其平整的粘贴在被检面上。6.4.3Withthecontinuousmagnetizationmethodtotestthemagneticparticletestingequipment,magneticparticleandthecomprehensivepropertiesofmagneticsuspensiontoensurethesurfaceofthespecimenshowedclearmagneticparticletracesthatcanrepresentthewounddepth30%.用连续磁化的方法检验磁粉检测设备、磁粉和磁悬液的综合性能，保证试片表面显示能代表伤深度30%的清晰的磁粉痕迹。6.5Applyingmagneticmagnetization施加磁粉磁化6.5.1Magneticsuspensionshouldbefullystirbeforeeachmix.磁悬液每次施加前应充分搅匀。6.5.2Usethemethodofautomaticsprayingtoapply、continuousdetection,Themagnetizationofworkpiece.applicationofmagneticsuspendingliquidaswellastheobservationofmagneticmarksshowwillbeperformedatelectrictimeandenergizingtime1s-3s.Stopapplyingmagneticsuspension