江苏译林版英语九年级下册第4单元知识点解析讲义课件1(含习题和答案)

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[在此处键入]19BUnit4第一讲【单词拓展】Marshelmetairtankdriedfoodpowerpacksleepingbaggravityplanetcrowdedpollutedrapidincrease(all)overagainoveragainpassengerata/thespeedofuncomfortableoxygenintheformoftastyspeciallyfloatcomparecompareto/withinterplanetarynetworkchallengingrapidlyawarecircleagreementdistancepossibilityalienstrangercarryoutpercentagedisadvantageriskafterallgoodselectronicentertainment【知识点解析】1.Wow,I'veneverthoughtabouttravellingintospace.[在此处键入]2thinkabout,考虑。about是介词,后可接名词、代词或动名词,作宾语;也可以接疑问词+不定式结构或宾语从句。表示“你认为怎么样”,whatdoyouthinkof=whatdoyouthinkabout=howdoyoulike=Howdoyoufind后可接名词代词或动名词。拓展:你认为他的想法怎么样?Howdoyoulike/Whatdoyouthinkof/aboutidea?thinkover,思考;考虑。over是副词,如果代词作其宾语,则要将代词放在think和over中间。考虑一下,你就能找到办法。2.Meneither.meneither,在此处neither副词,意思是也不,也不是。常用于neither+助动词/情态动词/连系动词be+主语结构,表示前面所说的否定情况同样适用于后面的人或事物,意思是某人/某物也不。Marycan'tswim.NeithercanI.Youdidn'tgototheparkyesterday.NeitherdidTom.Neither可以作形容词,与单数名词连用,“两者都不”Neitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都不对。Neither可以作代词,“两者都不”,是both的反义词。Neitherofmyfriendshascomeyet.我的两个朋友都没来。拓展:Neither/nor和so引导的倒装结构中的助动词/情态动词/连系动词be,应与前句的谓语部分,以及后面的主语,在人称和数上保持一致,时态和前句保持一致。如果前面的句子是肯定句,一般用So+助动词/情态动词/连系动词be+主语结构,表示前面所说的肯定情况,也同样适用于后面的人或事物,意思是某人物也一样。Theywenttothezooyesterday.Sodidwe.Theyhavebeentoshanghai.Sohashe.Neitherofmyfriendshascomeyet.Neither用作连词,常和nor连用。Neither…nor…既不…也不,连接两个平行结构。如果连接两个并列主语,谓语动词要遵循就近原则。IcanspeakneitherEnglishnorJapanese.NeitherhenorIhavebeentoBeijing.3.WhatwoulditbeliketoliveonMars?What’ssb.like?意思是某人如何,用于询问某人的性格品质等。Whatdoessb.like?指某人喜欢什,用于询问某人的喜好.Whatdoessb.looklike?是某人长什么样,用于询问某人的外貌.[在此处键入]3翻译:Whatismotherlike?Whatdoesshelike?Whatdoesyoursisterlooklike?Canyoutellme_________inthefuture?AhowlifewillbelikeBhowwilllifewillbelikeCwhatlifewillbelikeDwhatwilllifebelike4.SomepeoplebelievethathumanscouldliveontheplanetMarsbytheyear2100.believe通常不用于进行时态,名词形式是belief.5.Ourownplanet,theEarth,isbecomingmoreandmorecrowdedandpollutedbecauseoftherapidincreaseinpopulation.(1)moreandmorecrowded,越来越拥挤,其结构是比较级+and+比较级,意为越来越……。(2)polluted是形容词,意思是被污染的。动词形式是pollute.意思是污染。名词形式是pollution,意思是污染,污染物。(3)rapid是形容词,意思是快的,迅速的,副词形式是rapidly。HemaderapidprogressinEnglish.Ourcountryisdevelopingsorapidlythatwecanimaginewhatlifeinthefuturewillbelike.(4)increase.作及物动词。意思是,增,增长。后可跟名词。也可作不及物动词。increaseto意思是,增加到。increaseby增加了.Thepopulationofthiscitywillincreaseto1.1million.Theyhaveincreasedthepriceofthevegetablesbytenpercent.6.Hereiswhatlifetherecouldbelike.完全倒装,又称为全部倒装,是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。即Here位于句首,主语是名词时,用Here+谓语+主语结构。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去式。Thenbeganabitwallbetweenthetwocountries.于是两国之间开始了恶战。部分倒装又称半倒装,是指将谓语的一部分,如助动词或情态动词,提至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,主要需添加助动词do/does/did。并将其置于主语之前。JimlikesEnglish.Sodoeshisbrother.7.Atpresent,ourspacecraftaretooslowtocarrylargenumbersofpassengerstoMars--itwouldtakemonths.[在此处键入]4largenumbersof表示许多,大量的。=alargenumberof.Number.前面可以加largeorsmall等修士,以表示程度。thenumberof是……的数量。后跟可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。我们班学生的数量是50。这本书有60页。8.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,bytheyear2100,thejourneymightonlytakeabout20minutesinspacecraftthattravelatthespeedoflight!(1)Development.意思是,发育、成长、发展,进展是名词。thedevelopmentof………的发展/成长Develop.是动词,意思是发展开发,生长发育。动词+后缀,变成名词。agreeagreementimproveimprovement,movemovementdevelopdevelopmentdevelopingdeveloped(2)Journey:长途陆路拓展:trip:短途短期tour:观光游玩travel:时长路远.(3)atthespeedof以……速度atthepriceof以……价格atahighprice高价atalowcost低成本.atfull/highspeed以全速高速,attendegreecentigrade在十摄氏度.[在此处键入]59.However,thespacecraftwouldtravelsofastthatthejourneytoMarsmightbequiteuncomfortable.Manypeoplewouldfeelill.(1)So……that……如此,以至于,that引导结果状语从句。So是副词,常用来修饰形容词或副词。这个男孩跑得如此快,以至于我赶不上他.他气得说不出来一句话。注意:当名词前有Many、much、few、little等词修饰时,只能用so…that...(2)uncomfortable,形容词,不舒适的。其中un是否定前缀,其反义词为舒适的,含否定前缀的单词,有unlucky,unknown,untidy,unusual,unfriendly,incorrect,impatient,impoliteimperfect,illegal,irregular。(3)陈述句中如果含有否定意义前缀或后缀单词,整个句子仍视为肯定。其反意疑问句,遵循前肯后否的原则。Youryoungerbrotherfeltunhappy,didn’the你弟弟不高兴不是吗?11.Moreover,scientistsarenotsurewhetherplantscouldgrowonMars.(1)besure+宾语从句,意思是确信,表示主句主语对宾语从句中所涉及的事物作出的判断。sure.反义词是unsure,副词形式是surely.Wearenotsureifhewillmakeprogress.Thisterm.I’msurethatyouareright.(2)besuretodosth.必然会做某事。besuretodo.用于祈使句中,不表示判断,而表示对对方的要求,意思是务必要一定要。千万不要忘记(3)Besureof/besureabout确信,对……有把握。12.Foodwouldmostprobablybeintheformofpillsandwouldnotbesotasty.(1)intheformof.以……的形式,为固定短语。他以故事的形式把他的过去讲给我们听。(2)tasty形容词,美味的,可口的。[在此处键入]613.Gravitycouldbeanotherproblem.(1)problem.多指有待解决的问题,特别是疑难问题,或令人疑惑的是人或情况。solvetheproblem,dealwiththeproblem.(2)question指相对广泛,指提问或回答的问题。askquestions.answerthequestion.拓展:haveproblems(in)doingsth.或haveproblemswithsth..做某事有困难。14.Peoplewouldhavetowearbootsthatarespeciallydesignedtopreventthemselvesfromfloatingoffintospace.(1)designsth.forsb.为某人设计某物bedesignedforsb..(2)preventsb.fromdoingsth.,阻止某人防止某人做某事。固定搭配,相当于stopsb.fromdoingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事,其中from无论在处于状态还是在被动语态都不能省略。protectsth.fromsth.保护……不受伤害,from后接能带来伤害或损害。Wemustprotectusfromtrafficaccident.我们必须保护自己不受交通事故的危害。15.ComparedwithlifeontheEarth,lifeonMarswouldbebetterinsomeways.(1)insomeways在一些方面,从某种程度上Insomeways,youareright.in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