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内蒙古科技大学I摘要采用铁水预处理工艺可以使转炉进行少渣炼钢，使高炉焦比降低，提高了铁水的质量和炼钢厂的经济效益。生产出的含硫含量低的钢材满足了现代科学技术对钢铁材料的要求。所以铁水预处理已成为现代炼钢的重要环节。本设计对铁水预脱硫的发展历程、现代最常用的铁水预处理的新方法、新工艺、常用的脱硫剂和其反应机理进行了综述，并且在环保方面也进行了综述。本次设计采用的是单喷颗粒镁脱硫的预处理方法。根据新建年产500万吨合格铸坯炼钢厂的实际工艺流程，比较了几种铁水预处理工艺的优缺点。设计了单喷颗粒镁的脱硫站，并对贮镁仓、喷吹罐、喷射器和喷枪进行了设计和选用。关键词：铁水预处理；喷镁；脱硫剂；设备参数及布置内蒙古科技大学IIAbstractUsingironpretreatmentprocesscanmakeforadopingslaglesssteelmakingconverter,cokereducingfurnace,improvingthequalityoftheironandsteeleconomicbenefits.Producelowsulfuralsosatisfythesteelinmodernscienceandtechnologyforsteelmaterials.Sotheironpretreatmenthasbecometheimportantlinkofthemodernsteel-making.Thedesignofthedevelopmentcourse,getsthemostcommonlyusedmodernironpretreatmentofnewmethods,newtechniquesandcommondesulfurizer,andthereactionmechanismarereviewed,andintheenvironmentalaspectsarereviewed.ThisdesignUSESisthesingleparticlemagnesiuminjectionofdesulphurizationpretreatmentmethods.Accordingtothenewannual500tonsofqualifiedsteelcastingpracticalprocess,comparestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofseveralironpretreatmentprocess.Thedesignofthesingleparticlemagnesiuminjection,magnesiumanddesulfurizationandblowingcans,injectorandspraytocarryonthedesignandselection.Keywords：hotmetalpretreatment；magnesiuminjection；Thedesulfurizer；Equipmentparametersandlayout内蒙古科技大学III目录摘要................................................................................................................................I第一章文献综述..........................................................................................................11.1前言..................................................................................................................11.2铁水预处理的发展历程..................................................................................21.3铁水预处理的必要性......................................................................................21.3.1铁水预处理功能演进............................................................................31.3.2全量铁水“三脱”处理的效果............................................................41.3.3铁水进行全量预处理的必要性............................................................51.4铁水预处理的方法及比较..............................................................................81.4.1KR搅拌法..............................................................................................81.4.2KR法脱硫工艺需要注意的问题........................................................101.4.3单颗粒镁铁水深脱硫..........................................................................111.4.4复合喷吹镁基脱硫剂脱硫..................................................................121.4.5KR法与喷吹法的比较........................................................................141.5铁水深脱硫的工艺实践................................................................................171.5.1原始硫含量及镁粉消耗对深脱硫的影响..........................................171.5.2聚渣剂的优化使用及扒渣效果对铁水深脱硫的影响......................181.5.3温度对深脱硫的影响..........................................................................19第二章生产规划........................................................................................................202.1生产规模........................................................................................................202.2产品大纲........................................................................................................202.3产品方案........................................................................................................202.4铁水预处理间的生产计划............................................................................212.4.1铁水预脱硫..........................................................................................21第三章方案选择........................................................................................................233.1铁水预处理间的位置确定............................................................................233.2铁水预脱硫处理方法....................................................................................23内蒙古科技大学IV3.2.1鱼雷罐车顶喷法（TDS）..................................................................233.2.2铁水罐喷吹脱硫..................................................................................243.2.3混铁车喷粉脱硫..................................................................................253.3常用的铁水脱硅预处理方法........................................................................273.3.1高炉铁沟连续脱硅法..........................................................................273.3.3混铁车或铁水包内喷粉脱硅法..........................................................28第四章常用的铁水脱硫剂及脱硫指标....................................................................294.1常用脱硫剂....................................................................................................294.2常用脱硫剂反应特点....................................................................................294.2.1电石粉..................................................................................................294.2.2石灰粉脱硫..........................................................................................304.2.3用Mg粉脱硫..........................................................