全球价值链治理模式的比较分析-周习

12220113No.2Vol.12Mar.2011·43　　　·【】周　习(,201800)　　　:越来越多的地方产业成功地融入了全球生产网络,这种融入的成功与否在很大程度上取决于能否正确认识该产业所面临的价值链的不同特点,特别是在价值链的治理模式方面。本文通过对市场型、网络型、层级制等不同价值链治理模式的对比分析,试图为中国产业顺利融入全球生产网络提供一定的理论基础。:全球价值链;治理;治理模式:F415.1　　:A　　:1637-324X(2011)-02-43-47-05:2011-3-6:,,,,:、。:[e-mail]　　、,,,,,。,。,,,、,,,。。。,?。,“”,———。,。,,。,,,。,,、。,,,。、“”,。,“”,、,“”(Williamson,1979)。“”,。,。、、(Gereffi,HumphreyandSturgeon,2003)。2030,。2080,,。2050、,。·44　　　·。“”,,。。,,。,,:,。,Sturgeon(2000)“(productdefinition)”;,。,,、、;,,。。,,。,,,,。,。,,。,“”,,。。。,。,,,。,,、(Spulber,1996)。。:,。。,,,,。、,。。,,。,。,:,,,。、(一)治理模式的决定因素、,,Gereffi、HumphreySturgeon(2003)(),。,:、。,:、、、。,。1.交易的复杂程度:,,。2.信息的可识别性:,,。3.供应商的供应能力:,。,。,,,。,,。,,。,。KeesingLall(1992),,,。(二)市场型全球价值链治理。12220113AnalysisandComparisonofGVCsGovernanceModesNo.2Vol.12Mar.2011·45　　　·,,;,,;,,(Armslength);,,,,;,,。,,。(1)。,。、。图1　市场型全球价值链治理示意图:Gereffi,G.,HumphreyJ.andSturgeon,T.,2003,“TheGovernanceofGlobalValueChains”[J].forthcominginReviewofInternationalPoliticalEconomy(三)网络型全球价值链治理,,,,。,,,。,:、。1.模块型全球价值链治理,。,、。,。,,,。,,,。———、,。,,,。,,,、、。图2　模块型全球价值链治理示意图:2.关系型价值链治理,,、,,。,,,。,。图3　关系型全球价值链治理示意图:,,,、、12220113　ZHOUXiNo.2Vol.12Mar.2011·46　　　·。,,,(Menkhoff,1992)。,,,(Williamson,1983)。,,。3.俘获型价值链治理,,,。,,。,,,,,“”。,、,,、、。图4　俘获型全球价值链治理示意图:,,,、、、。。(四)层级制全球价值链治理,,,:。,,,。,,。,,。,、,,。,,。,。图5　层级制全球价值链治理示意图:、,:,,(1)。、、、、(2)。1　:Gereffi,G.,HumphreyJ.andSturgeon,T.,2003,“TheGovernanceofGlobalValueChains”[J].forthcominginReviewofInternationalPoliticalEconomy2　———12220113AnalysisandComparisonofGVCsGovernanceModesNo.2Vol.12Mar.2011·47　　　·()、、、、:(·)(WalterW.Powell,1990)(2004):[1]Gereffi,G.,HumphreyJ.andSturgeon,T.,2003,“TheGovernanceofGlobalValueChains”[J].forthcominginReviewofInternationalPoliticalEconomy.[2]Sturgeon,T.,2000,“HowdoWeDefineValueChainsandProductionnetworks?”BackgroundpaperpreparedfortheBellagiovaluechainsworkshop.[3]Menkhoff,T.,1992,“Xinyongorhowtotrusttrust?Chinesenon-contractualbusinessrelationsandsocialstructure:theSingaporecase”,InternationalsAsianforum23(1-2):261-88.[4]Piore,M.andSabel,C.1984,“TheSecondIndustrialDivide:PossibilitiesforProsperity”[M].NewYork:Basiebooks.[5]Williamson,O.,1983,“Crediblecommitments:usinghostagestosupportexchange”,AmericanEconomicReview,73(4):519-40.[6].[J].,2006:1.[7],.[J].,2007:3.[8],.[J].,2007:5.[9].[J].,2009:6.AnalysisandComparisonofGVCsGovernanceModesZHOUXi(SydneyInstituteofLanguageandCommerce,ShanghaiUnversity,Shanghai201800,China)　　Abstract:Moreandmorelocalindustriessuccessfullybecomeapartofglobalproductionnetwork.Infact,theirsuccessesdependgreatlyonwhetherthedifferencesinvariousindustriesGVCcanberealizedandemphasized,especiallythegovernancemodeofGVC.ThisarticletriestoanalyzeandcomparevariousgovernancemodesofGVC,whichtheauthorhopeswillprovidesometheoreticalsupportfortheupgradingofChineseindustriesandtheirintegrationintotheglobalproductionnetwork.KeyWords:GlobalValueChain,governance,governancemode(上接第33页)KazakhstansNon-energyStatusandTrendsofIndustryLiNing(DepartmentofHistory,XinjiangNormalUniversity,Urumqi830054,China)　　Abstract:WhenfocusingonKazakhstanintheworldoilandgasindustry,andKazakhstanfromtheoil,gasandothertraditionalenergysourcesbenefit,Kazakhstansgovernmentisactivelypromotingitsnon-energyindustries,buildtheircompleteeconomicsystem,suchasthecoalindustry,foodindustryrecovery;nuclearenergy,newenergyresearchanddevelopment;lightindustryoutputvalueincreasedandsoon.Thispaperanalyzesthestatusofindustrialdevelopment,problemsencounteredandmeasurestakentoglimpsetherealsituationofthedevelopmentoflightindustryofKazakhstan.KeyWords:Kazakhstan,non-energyindustry,developmentstatus12220113　ZHOUXiNo.2Vol.12Mar.2011