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学习必备欢迎下载高中定语从句详细讲解一．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。二．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟在先行词之后，定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用。三．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词有who,whom,that,which,whose和as,关系代词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语或定语，关系副词有when,where和why，在定语从句中充当状语。四．关系代词：1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语，宾语。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.那就是教我们物理的老师。2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略，可用who代替。MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3.Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Thefactorywhichmakescomputersisfarawayfromhere.制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。4.That指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，表语，作宾语时常可省略。Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.春天以后的季节是夏季。Ireceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。5.Whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whomthe+n.来替换Thatismyclassroomwhosewindows(thewindowsofwhich=ofwhichthewindows)werebroken.那个窗户破了的是我的教室。Theboywhosefather(thefatherofwhom=ofwhomthefather)isadoctorismyclassmate.他的父亲是个医生的那个男孩是我的同班同学。注意：关系代词不管是指人，还是指物，在定语从句中做宾语时可以省略，充当主语不可省。e.g.①Sheisthegirlwho/thatlivesnextdoor.(作主语)②Themanwho/whom/thatyoumetjustnowismyoldfriend.(作宾语)③September18.1931isthedaythat/whichwe’llneverforget.(作宾语)④Thepicturewhich/thatwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.(作主语)⑤Thisisthescientistwhoseson=thesonofwhom=ofwhomthesonisonly5yearsold.(作定语)⑥Thatboywhoseleg=thelegofwhom=ofwhomthelegwashurtismybrother.(作定语)（练习）：1.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robin?—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledone________thetelephone学习必备欢迎下载numberisprovided.A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.whose2.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich3.Theboy______isintroubleneedsourhelp.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who4.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever5.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose6.Theboy______isintroubleneedsourhelp.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who7.Theprizewillgotothewriter_______storyshowsthemostimagination.A．thatB．whichC．whoseD．what8.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when9.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich10..Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose11.Thecomrade___isspeakingatthemeetingismyteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose12.Theboy______isintroubleneedsourhelp.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who13.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever14.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses________arebuiltclosetoeachother.A．theyB．whereC．whatD．that15.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool__________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which1-5CADCD6-10DCACD11-15CDCDA注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词在人称，数的方面应该与先行词保持一致。e.g.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Englishisalanguagewhichiseasytolearn.1.oneof+复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词（用复数）e.g.Tomisoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam.Titanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthatwereplayedallovertheworld.2.theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词（用单数）e.g.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.学习必备欢迎下载（练习）：1.Thisisoneofthebestfilms___A____.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked2.Thenumberofthepeoplewho___C____cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are3.Heisoneoftheboyswhooften_____tothecinema.A.goB.goesC.hasgoneD.havegone4.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_____afilmbefore.A.doesn’tseeB.don’tseeC.hasn’tseenD.haven’tseen在引导定语从句只用that不用which的情况：a.当先行词为all,none,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。ThisisoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow.c.当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,thesame,just,,any,,few,little,no,all等修饰时。ThisisoneoftheverybookthatIamlookingfor.d.当先行词既指人又指物时。Hespokeofthemenandthething(that)hehadseenabroad.e.当先行词是疑问词who,what,which时或者句子以疑问词who,what,which打头时。Whothathassuchahomedoesn’tloveit?f.关系代词在从句中作表语。Maryisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe.(练习)：1.Who’sthecomrade_______youjustshookhandswith?2.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.3.Heistheonlyman_______Icanfindforthework.4.Youmustwatchcarefullyeverything_______theteacherdoesinclass.5.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames_______Ihaveeverseen.6.Thelastplace_______wevisitedinthecountrysidewasafarm.7.ThefirstEnglishnovel_______IreadwasRobinsonCrusoe.8.Whenhecamebackfromabroad,Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople_______hehadvisited.9.Isthereanyquestion_______troublesyoumuch?10.Whoistheman_______isspeakingthere?11.Sheistheonlyperson_______understandsme.12.Thisistheverybook_______Iamafter.13.Heisnottheman_______heusedtobe.14.Isthereanything_______Icandoforyou,miss?学习必备欢迎下载15.Littlehasbeendone_______ishelpfultoourwork.16.Nothing_______hedoesisbadlydone.17.Whichisthebook_______yourfatherboughtfromNewYork?18.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_______hehadstolentothepol