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Lesson53Hotsnake•【Newwordsandexpressions】•hotadj.•hot–hotter-hottest•①热的，炎热的（反义词cold）•eg.Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。•②（调味品等）辣的•③强烈的，激烈的，热烈的•haveahottemper脾气暴燥•gethotonrockmusic热衷于摇滚音乐•④（新闻等）最新的，刚发生的，最到达的•amagazinehotfromthepress刚出版的杂志ayoungmanhotfromtheschool刚出校门的年轻人behotonsb迷恋某人，爱慕某人beinhotwater惹上麻烦getintotrouble/runintotroubleahotpotato棘手或讨厌的事物或情况gethotunderthecollar渤然大怒，激动•firemann.消防员•fireplace壁炉firework烟火fire-water烈酒fire-fighter消防队员（尤指护林）firehouse/firestation消防队，消防站•fireproofadj.耐火的•fire-raisingn.放火，纵火•★causev.&n.引起；原因•①v.引起,导致eg.Acigarettecausedtheforestfire.eg.Whatcausedhissickness?•causesth.引起…•carelessnesscausesaccidents.粗心导致事故•pridecausesfailure.骄傲使人失败causesb.todosth引起某人做某事,导致某人做某事illnesscausedhimtolosehistemper(loseone’stemper发火)②n.理由eg.Don’tbelatewithoutcause.③n.原因，起因eg.Whatwasthecauseofhissickness?findoutthecause查出原因•examine①v.仔细观察，检察，调查eg.Thefirefighterexaminedeveryinchoftheforest.②v.诊查③v.考试，测试examiner主考人examinee应考者examn.考试examinationn.考试•★accidentallyadv意外地；偶然地去掉ly变成adj反义词:intentionalaccident①cn.事故，意外atrafficaccident②机遇，命运，造化(chance,fortune)bychance=byaccident=accidentallyeg.Ifoundagoldminebyaccident./accidentally/bychance.•★remains尸体，残骸，遗体，遗址remain①v.留下，遗留，剩下(不用于进行时态)eg.Afterthefire,nothingremainedinmyhouse.eg.Muchremainstobedone.要做的事还很多。②v.仍是，保持不变eg.Heremainedsilent.eg.Afterthequarrel,theyremainedthebestoffriends.•remains①n.剩余物，残余物theremainsofameal②n.(古建筑等物)遗址，废墟theremainsofYuanmingyuan圆明园③n.遗体，遗骸eg.TheremainsofChairmanMaowerekeptinacrystalcoffin.•wire①n.金属线，电线eg.Hetiedabaskettothebicyclewithapieceofwire.telephoewires电话线②(美口)电报sendawire发电报receiveawire接电报beonwires/beallonwires坐立不安underthewire勉强来得及wirelessadj.无线的•voltn.伏特voltagen.电压，伏特数powerline电力线power①电力，动力electricpower电力atomicpower原子动力waterpower水力②力，能力brainpower智力thepowerofhearing听力③权力，支配力，势力politicalpower政治权力notwithinone’spower力所不能及=beyondone’spowereg.Itisbeyondmypowertounderstandhowthecomputerworks.cometo/intopower得势，掌权•solvev.解决，解答，回答（意思是workout）solveaquestionsolveaproblemsolutionn.解决，解答eg.Ittookalongtimetofindthesolution.•mysteryn.神秘的事物，不可解释的事物，秘密themysteryoflife生命的秘密eg.Hisdisappearanceisamystery.eg.Themurderiswrappedinmystery.可作定语修饰名词:amysteryguest神秘的来客amysterytour神秘之旅•区别mystery,riddle,puzzlemystery:神秘的事物，奥秘riddle:谜语，谜一般的人，东西，事情等puzzle:难题，用以测试人的知识，智力，技巧等的问题或玩具•snatch①v.抢，夺snatchup抓起来eg.贼把她的包抓起来逃跑了。Thethiefsnatchedherbagandranaway.eg.在他妈妈刚要看那张纸的时候，他把它夺走了。Hesnatchedthepaperashismotherwasabouttoseeit.②v.(趁机)迅速取得,急急忙忙吃完饭eg.他出其不意,吻了她一下。Hesnathedakissfromher.snatchasleeponabusyday在忙碌的日子偷闲小睡•snatch迅速而有力(粗鲁地)抓住,抢snatchachance•grab抓,抢,抢夺,抓住(热切而拼命地)grabsthfromsb/grabsthfromsth•grasp1)抓住或咬住,抓紧graspachance抓住机会2)掌握graspalanguage•hold抓住,握住,托住take/catch/getholdof抓住•sparkn.火花，火星，电火花（切断电流而产生的）abrightspark活泼而聪明的年轻人abrightapple骄傲的年轻人Whatwillhappenwhenasnakemeetaneagle,rightaroundapoleandelecticalwire?现在完成进行时构成：have/hasbeen+doing含义：1）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。2）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。一般过去时强调过去某一时间发生完的动作或处于的状态，搭配一个明确的过去时间。现在完成时构成:have/has+v.-ed强调过去某一动作对现在存在影响或是这个动作一直延续到现在还可能再延续下去。1.AtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火。California又名Goldenstate（1）atlast（终于，到底）表示经过一番努力之后。（2）putout可以表示“扑灭”、“熄灭”、“关掉”等含义：Pleaseputthelight/fireout.请把灯关掉／把火灭掉。（3）forest虽然是名词，但在句中起形容词的作用，修饰fire。2.Sincethen,theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan.从那时起，他们一直试图找出起火的原因。⑴sincethen从那时起，到现在为止⑵findout（经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出……eg.我会试着查出昨天救了我的人的名字。I’lltryandfindoutthenameofthepersonwhosavedmylifeyesterday.3.Forestfiresareoftencausedbybrokenglassorbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.森林火灾时常由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起.brokenglass碎玻璃abrokenheart失意abrokenglass破杯子abrokenpromise爽约abrokenmarriage破裂的婚烟abrokenhome破碎的家庭cigaretteends烟头cometoanend结束，完毕eg.Themeetingcametoanendatmidnight.makebothendsmeet量入为出，使收支相抵throwaway扔掉，丢弃throwabout随处扔throwat向…砸过去（有目标性，含不友好或敌意）eg.Theboythrewastoneatthewindowandbrokeit.throwto向…扔过去（无目标性)eg.HethrewtheballtomeandIcaughtit.4.Yesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindanybrokenglass.昨天，消防队员仔细查看了地面，但未能发现碎玻璃。werenotableto=couldnotbeableto能够；benotableto没有能够5.Theywerealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnotstartthefire.他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的。besurethatbequitesurethatquite相当eg.Areyouquitecertainaboutthat?quietadj.安静的eg.Theclasskeptveryquietduringthelesson.startthefire引起火灾6.Thismorning,however,afiremanaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.然而今天上午，一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因。区别：cause和reasoncause:n.直接导致行为或事件发生的原因，即“起因”reason:n.解释某事为什么发生的理由或借口cause:vt.使发生，导致，引起reason:vt/vi.评理，劝说eg:Doyouknowthecauseofthefire?eg.Thisisthereasonwhyheleft.eg.Whatcausedthefire?eg.Ireasonedwith（劝说某人）himforhours,butIcouldn’tpersuadehimtochangehismind.reasonsbintodoingsthtalksbintodoingsth劝某人做某事reasonsboutof(doing)sthtalksboutof(doing)sth劝某人别做某事eg.Thisisthereasonwhyheleft.eg.Whatcausedthefire?eg.Ireasonedwith（劝说某人）himforhours,butIcouldn’tpersuadehimtochangehismind.reasonsbintodoingsthtalksbintodoingsth劝某人做某事reasonsboutof(doing)sthtalksboutof(doing)sth劝某人别做某事7.henoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,.000-voltpowerline.他发现了缠绕在16，000伏高压线上的一条死蛇。theremai