高考英语六选四解题技巧讲解及练习

第1页共10页高考英语六选四解题技巧讲解及练习一．考点分析分值8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，但理解难度提高。考察方式：给出一篇缺少四个句子的短文和6个选项。要求考生根据文章内容，选出正确的句子填入相应空白处。有两个多余选项。每个选项2分。考纲解读：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。选材特点：短文长度一般为300词左右，题材为记叙文、说明文和议论文为主设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句子:文章结构；3.细节注释性句子：上下文逻辑意义。二、专题六选四解题技巧解题步骤：1.通读全文，尤其是文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题和主要内容。2.阅读选项，根据选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。3.仔细阅读空前空后，寻找并划出关键词。根据关键词，联系选项，基本确定需要填入句子的内容。4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。答题技巧：（一）注意关键词：注意关键词：名形代数（名词形容词代词数词），连动标注（连词动词标点/标题）。第2页共10页1.词汇复现：复现是指在文章不同位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。包括原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。例1：同词复现……Thescientistssaythatthehumanlifehaschangedgreatly.Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishadledtonewkindsofsicknesses.Sotheyarecalled“diseasesofcivilization”.Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.A.StoneAgepeoplelivedasimplelife.B.Buttoday,weenjoyeatingalotofthese.C.Inthatcase,theywouldlivemuchhealthier.D.Ancientpeoplehavenotlotsofphysicalexercise.E.Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimes.F.Peopletodayprobablydon’twanttolivelikeourancestors.例2：反义词复现……Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…A.Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C.Consideradistanceeducation.D.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.例3：派生词复现Don’tfearpeople.______.Thereasonwhymostpeopledon’ttakerisksisthefearofwhatothersmightthinkofthem.Ifyouwanttolivethelifeyoutrulydeserve,youmustgiveuptheneedtobelikedbyeverybody.A.Focusonyourowntalentsandstrengths.第3页共10页B.Neverletothers’opinionsguideyourchoices.C.Stayfearlessineverythingyouwillhavetodo.2.同范畴词同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系最紧密。例1：……Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:First:Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoa“trustedadult”,suchasparentorotherrelatives..Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriends'feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.DifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentwaysD.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.3.代词提示：代词出现频率极高，用来指代前面出现的名词和形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词和单复数差异可以准确而快速解题。常用代词：you...，your...,,mine,yours,his，hers，its，ours，theirs，myself，this，that，these，those，all，both，each，every,anybody，something，noone,none,some,any，no，who，whom，whose，what,which,that,as。例：___73___.Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,…A.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.B.Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.C.Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.第4页共10页（二）注意逻辑关系：找准文章衔接词，理清空格与上下文之间的逻辑关系。主要逻辑关系包括：1.并列关系：first(ly),second(ly)，……；first，then/next，……；inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,……；foronething,foranotherthing,……等；2.递进关系：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what’smore,inaddition,not…but…,notonly……butalso等；3.解释例证关系：forexample，forinstance，infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/that’stosay……等；4.因果关系：because,becauseof,for,as,since,inthat,onaccountof,with,so,sothat,therefore,thereby,asaresult,hence,thus,consequently,accordingly等；5.对比转折关系：however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,instead,nevertheless,still,yet,onthecontrary等6.概括归纳关系：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,tosumup等。例1：Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand.Youdobesurethatyouunderstand;youdobesurethatyouunderstandyoursymbols.Otherwise,________________A．Usewords,notcompletesentences.B．Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C．Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D.youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.第5页共10页（三）注意考察空格位置：1.小标题：根据所在小段落内容进行归纳总结。）例：_____________.Tellingsomeonethatyoucan’trememberhisnamecanactuallymakepeoplerelaxed.Mostofthemwillfeelsympathyifyousay,”I’mworkingtoremembernamesbetter.Yoursisrightonthetipofmytongue.Whatisitagain?”A.Ifyoucan’trememberhisname,youmaynottellhimthetruth.B.Admityoudon’tknow.C.Reciteandrepeatnames.D.Letothershelpyouremembertheirnames.2.正文中文章首句：A.全文主题句；B.引出全文主题的句子（主题在其后）；文章末句:全文的总结（往往与开头呼应）；段落首句：A.段落主题句；B.段落间的过渡句（与上段呼应）；段落末句：A.段落主题句；B.（承上启下）引出下一段；段内句子：（承上启下）的过渡句；Exercise1Weareallcalledupontomakeaspeechatsomepointinlife,butmostofusdon’tdoaverygoodjob.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtogiveagoodspeech.1Firstofall,itisimportanttoplan.Doyourhomework.Findouteverythingyoucanaboutyoursubject.And,atthesametime,findoutasmuchasyoucanaboutyouraudience.Whoarethey?Whatdotheyknowaboutyoursubject?Dotheyhaveacommoninterest?Whyaretheycomingtohearyourspeech?Putyourselfintheirshoesasyouprepareyourspeech.第6页共10页2Whatistheoccasion?Whyareyouspeaking?Areyouintro