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DefinitionAllusionreferstosomepersonorevent,eitherhistoricalorfictional,thathasdramaticandvividconnotationandisoftenusedinspeechandwriting.Itmightincludeliteraryquotations,idioms,proverbs,maxims,colloquialisms(俗语),etc.Threeforms2.Intheformofphrases3.Intheformofsentences1.Intheformofwordsa.Nounphrasesb.Verbphrasesc.PrepositionalphrasesIntheformofwords1.Shylock:acruel,greedy,money-grabbingperson,onewhowillgotonoendstoacquirewealth;fromTheMerchantofVenice,byShakespeare.夏洛克:莎士比亚的作品,冷酷无情的高利贷者2.anUncleTom:ameekperson,especiallyablack,whosubmitstoindignitiesandsufferingswithoutanythoughtoractofrebelling;fromUncleTom'sCabin,byHarrietBeecherStowe.汤姆叔叔:哈丽叶特·比切·斯托的作品,逆来顺受的黑人Phoenix(Asymbolofimmortality)凤凰Caesar恺撒，独裁者;暴君Utopia乌托邦，指理想中的最美好社会Indeed,thesearchforUtopiacanbringouttheworstaswellasthebestinmankind.事实上，对乌托邦的搜索，可以显示人类最好的事情，也可以显示最坏的事情。Intheformofphrasesa.Nounphrases:cat’spaw:atoolforsomeone傀儡theappleofdiscord:anysubjectofdisagreementanddissensions争端，祸根b.Verbphrases:crywolf:giveafalsealarm发假警报sellone’sbirthright(foraMessofPottages)见利忘义bellthecat给猫的脖子上挂铃，胆大c.Prepositionalphrases：straightfromthehorse'smouth据可靠消息Itisplainenoughthatshehasjustmadeacat'spawofyou.很显然她只不过是利用你作为她的工具。Intheformofsentences1.Homersometimesnods.(Eventhegreatestofmortalserrfromtimetotime.)智者千虑，必有一失。2.Everythingisready,allthat'sneededisaneastwind.(Allisreadyexceptwhatiscrucial.)万事俱备，只欠东风。SourceAllusionsgenerallyresultfromfairytales,myths,legendsandfables,theBible,famousliteraryworks,historicalfiguresorevents.1.来源于民间故事、传说、民间习俗、神话、历史上的著名事件，或是某个地名的典故。Meetone’sWaterloo:WaterloowasthescenewhenNapoleonwastotallydefeatedbyDukeWellington.sufferadecisiveorfinaldefeatorsetback.一败涂地，遭遇滑铁卢Achilles'heel:Theonlyvulnerable（有弱点的）part.原意为阿喀琉斯之踵，现致命的弱点Beingcareless,thenationalfootballteammettheirWaterloointhismatch.由于疏忽大意，国家足球队在这次比赛中惨败。2.来源于一些历史书上或文学作品中的故事和人物。GoneWithTheWind:Somethingthatdisappearsintothinair.Mr.Bean:Aneccentric(古怪的）yetgood-natured（和善的）troublemaker.3.来源于佛经、圣经等宗教书上的故事、人物、礼仪等。drinkwaterofgall（喝苦胆水）：喻指自食苦果，或过非人的生活。rulewitharodofiron(用铁杖)：采用高压手段，铁腕统治TheFunctionofAllusionByintroducingvarietyandenergyintoalimiteddiscussionallusionscanpleasethereadersandremindthemofarelativestoryorfigure.Thusallusionscanenrichtheworkorspeechbyassociationandgiveitdepth.Allusionsarewidelyusednotonlyinliteraturebutalsoinnewsreports,politicalcomments,scientificwritingsandadvertisements.Payattentionto:Thedifferencesbetweenallusionandantonomasia1.Allusionshavemuchmoresourcesthanantonomasiasdo.2.Antonomasiasareconfinedtonouns,especiallytothenamesofhistoricalfigures,whileallusionscantakeotherformslikephrasesandsentences.