国际会议交流英语pptUnit-5Reading-Manuscripts

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Unit5ReadingManuscriptsTopicalHighlights1.ImportanceofManuscriptReading:readingfordifficultexpressions,readingforsmoothpresentation,readingforfinishingtouches2.VariousFormulas:mathematicalexpressions,chemicalformulas3.FrequentlyUsedLatinAbbreviations:ca.,etal.,etc.,eg.,ibid.,i.e.,i.q.,N.B.,op.cit.,v.v.,viz4.DifferentPunctuations:parentheses/brackets,comma,quotationmarks,dash,dots,slant5.Long/ComplexSentences:analyzingsentencestructure,dividingsensegroups,payingattentiontobreathingskills,wideningtheeyespan,controllingthespeechrate6.StressedandUnstressedSyllables:stressedsentences/words,unstressedsentences/words,soundlinking7.Pronunciation/IntonationThemePresentation1.ImportanceofManuscriptReading1)ReadingforDifficultExpressionsPreparationpriortotheoralpresentationofapaperataninternationalacademicconferencecannotbeover-stressed;oneofthepracticalandeffectivewaysofpreparationisthereadingofmanuscripts.Thepresentationofapaperdoesnotmeantoreaditverbatim.However,itneedscarefulpreparationforreading.2)ReadingforSmoothPresentationManuscriptreadingpriortoaconferenceisactuallybuildingabridgeoverthegapbetweenwrittentextandoralpresentation,whichlinkstheskillsofwritingandspeakingtogetherandshowsthepresenter'soveralllanguageproficiency.3)ReadingforFinishingTouchesBepreparedtofindoutmistakes,leaks,faults,andotherproblemsthroughcarefulreadingofthemanuscript.Experiencesfrommanyconference-goersshowthatreadingaloudamanuscriptisaneffectivewayofscrutinizingthepaper.2.VariousFormulasVariousformulas,suchasmathematicalexpressions,chemicalformulasandotherequations,areconsideredasoneofthemostdifficultpointsinthepracticalreadingofprofessionalpapers.1)MathematicalExpressionsTherearedifferentkindsofmathematicalformulainEnglishexpressionsinscientificwriting.Someexampleswillbegivenheretodemonstratethewayofreadingthebasicitemsofsuchformulas.Ex.5-151(8+63.884)282Itisgenerallyreadas:eightplussixandfive-eighthsminusthreepointeighty-eightmultipliedbyfour,alldividedbytwoandahalf.Ex.5-213nBTarxATRlogItisreadas:atimesrtothenminusonepowerplusthecuberootofx,equalsAplusBoverr,plusroverlogR.Ex.5-3220001nbxrdxnfxdxxr()()cosItcanbereadsimplyas:theintegralfromzerotopiovertwoofdxoveroneplusatimescosineof;c,plusthesumfromrequalszerotorequalsnofthequantitynthingstakenratatimesquared,equalstheintegralfromx=0toboffofx.Ex.5-412212nnnnnnnabanababb()()Itcanbereadas:thequantityaplusbtothenthpowerequalsatothenthpowerplusntimesthequantityatothenminusonepowertimesbplusntimesnminusonedividedbytwotimesthequantityatothenminustwopowertimesbsquareddowntobtothenthpower.2)ChemicalFormulasLiketheabove-mentionedmathematicalequations,chemicalformulasadddifficultiestomanuscriptreadingbutatthesametimefollowcertainrules.Itisbesttoreaditinaliteralmanner.Ex.5-5Itcanbereadas:FEandSreacttogiveFES.FeSFeSEx.5-6Itcanbereadas:SI0twoandtwoCreacttoformSIandtwoC0.222SiOCSiCOEx.5-7Itcanbereadas:openbracketNHfourclosebrackettwiceCRtwo0seven.4227NHCrO()Ex.5-8Itcanbereadas:twoKCL0three,whenheatedinthepresenceofamanganesedioxideasacatalystformstwoKCLandreleasesthree0two.32KClO2MnO223KClOEx.5-942433424623NHOHAlSOAlOHNHSO()()()Whenammoniumhydroxideisaddedtoasolutionofaluminumsulfate,aluminumhydroxideandammoniumsulfateareformed.Ex.5-10(1)CHfourandtwo0tworeacttogiveC0twoandtwoHtwo0.(2)Methanereactswithoxygentoproducecarbondioxideandwater.(3)Onemoleculeofmethanereactswithtwomoleculesofoxygentoformonemoleculeofcarbondioxideandtwomoleculesofwater.4222CH2OCO2HO(4)Onemoleofmethaneand2molesofoxygenreacttoproduce1moleofcarbondioxideand2molesofwater.(5)OnemoleofCHfourplus2molesof0tworeacttoproduce1moleofC0twoand2molesofHtwo0.Thefirstmethodisfineforreadingahequationasitappearsontheprintedpage.Ex:5-11Itcanbereaddirectly:PVequalsNRTequalsgoverMtimesRT.where:P=pressureV=volumeN=g/MR=ideal-gasconstantT=absolutetemperature(t+273.15)Kg=weightofgasofmolecularweightMgPV=NRT=RTidealgaslawM()3.FrequentlyUsedLatinAbbreviationsLatinabbreviationsarefrequentlyusedinscientificwriting.Let'slookatthefollowingthreeexamples.Ex.5-12PresentstudyconfirmsthesuggestionofsuchaphenomenonbyMilleretal.andisconsistentwiththetwo-levelcollective-emissionmodel.Ex.5-13Totreatthissingularity,e.g.,thesubtractionmethod6canbeused.Ex.5-14ItcanthenbeidentifiedwithavectorfieldonthemanifoldX,i.e.,across-sectionofthetangentbundleT(X).(ibid.)Forexample,intheaboveexamples,etal.reads:andothers,fordetailsyoumayrefertoreferencesNo.4andNo.5ofthispaper;thesubtractionmethod6reads,thesubtractionmethodwhichisshowninreferenceNo.6ofthispaper.Withtheseadditionalwords,thereadingconveysthemessagesmoreclearlyinthepaper,andthusmakesiteasierfortheaudiencetounderstand.SomeofthefrequentlyusedLatinabbreviationsarelistedinthefollowingtablewiththeirEnglishequivalences:4,5LatinWordAbbreviationEnglishMeaningcircaca.aboutetalii,eteliaeeeeliaeeliaeeliaeetal.andothersetceteraetc.andsoonvideinfrav.iseebelowlexempligratiae.g.forexampleibidemibid.inthesameplaceidesti.e.thatistosayide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