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同位语从句与定语从句的区别（配练习与答案）一、复习定语从句1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2)去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。4.引导词：1）关系代词：a)在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。b)分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定),that（主，宾）先行词为物：which(主，宾),that（主，宾）,whose（定）eg：TheladywhoisstandingbehindTomismysister.ThisisthebookwhichIboughtyesterday.c)关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。2）关系副词：a)在从句中作状语。b)分为：when,where,whyeg：HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.新内容：1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词Ican’tstandtheterriblenoisethatsheiscryingloudly.Hismotherdidallshecouldtohelphimwithhisstudy.2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.3.引导词:a.同为that引导：同从中，that不充当任何成分，不可省;定从中，that作主，宾。作宾语时可省。b.同为疑问词引导，同从可用what,whether,how等，定从不可;同从引导词表疑问，定从不表疑问Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.Irememberthedaywhenhetoldmethathelovedme.一，单选。1.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as2.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities，thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as3.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.(MET91)A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoise____sheiscryingloudly.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that二，指出同位语从句和定语从句，并翻译指定的句子。1.Thepossibilitythatthemajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.(同位语从句)（翻译）2.Wearenotlookingintothequestionwhetherheisworthtrusting.(同位语从句)（翻译）3.Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.(同位语从句)4.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)（翻译）5.Thedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.(定语从句)6.Hismotherdidallshecouldtohelphimwithhisstudy.(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)7.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)（翻译）8.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)9.ImadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich.(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)10.Themothermadeapromisethatpleasedallherchildren.(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)（翻译）1.析：答案为B。moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities是Information的内容，且Information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：2.析：答案为B。thathasbeenputforward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。3.析：答案为B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为aterriblenoise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于：4.析：答案为D。sheiscryingloudly是theterriblenoise的内容，且theterriblenoise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。