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考点1—考点4（连、介、冠、代）语法填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用语法的能力。共10小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。填1个适当的单词纯空格所给单词的正确形式给词题语法填空其比例通常为3:7，仅2016年Ⅲ卷为4:6。1个词(动词原形)、≥2个词(不定式、时态语态)。关于纯空格考什么？怎么考？如何应考？在语填里以纯空格题形式出现，只能填一个词。主要考查连词、介词和冠词；掌握：并列连词和三大从句连接词；常见介词短语；冠词的基本用法；代词it句子结构、句子意思的完整性、前后句子之间的逻辑关系；考点1:连词全国I卷201920182017that名从that/which定从which定从全国II卷201920182017but并列that/which定从全国III卷201920182017that/who定从who名从who定从考点分析三大从句中，定语从句考查最多！1.并列连词：and，or，but，while(而)，when(=justatthattime)2.从句连词：引导定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的连词考•定语从句：跟在名词后，连接词指代所修饰名词，且在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语），连接词无what!•状语从句：从句主谓（宾）都齐全，连接词在从句中仅作状语（表示时间、条件、地点、原因、结果…）。•同位语从句：跟在名词后，连接词在从句中不作成分；或充当成分但不指代所修饰名词。•主语从句：一般位于句首，整个从句充当主语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；•宾语从句：常位于及物动词或介词后，整个从句充当宾语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；•表语从句：位于系动词后，整个从句充当表语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；1.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷·61)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence_______theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.2.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷·67)IworknotbecauseIhaveto,______becauseIwantto.3.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷·64)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters____________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.思路点拨：1.并列的两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词→填恰当的并列连词；2.当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且这两个句子间没有连接词→确定从句类型，填连接词。thatbutthat/who同从，that不指代evidencenot…but…不是……而是……定从，从句缺主语，that/who指代masters考点2:介词全国I卷201920182017of/forthanas全国II卷201920182017thanfrom全国III卷201920182017offorin思路点拨：当空格后的名词(前面一般有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。具体填什么介词,由介词的搭配来决定。考点分析固定短语中的介词(focuson，betiredof，inneed等)一般介词(at，in，on，as，to，by，from，for，with等)考1.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷·63)Modernmethods________trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s.2.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷·63)Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack_____dogs,seventobeexact.3.(2017全国Ⅱ卷·62)Thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayallowedpeopletoavoidterriblecrowdsontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand_______work.4.(2016全国Ⅱ卷·64)Mostofusaremorefocused____ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.5.(2016全国Ⅲ卷·70)InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat_______theirhands.对短语中的介词需高度重视！！！methodsof/fordoingsth.“……的方法”apackof“一群”toandfromwork“上下班”befocusedon集中精力于with表示“用”考点3:冠词全国I卷201920182017thea全国II卷201920182017athethe全国III卷201920182017thea思路点拨：当纯空格在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数名词前，通常填冠词，根据语境及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词。(注：限定词主要是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，以及some,any,another等不定代词)考点分析考定冠词the:特指;固定短语中不定冠词a/an：泛指；固定短语中1.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷·69)Of_____nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.2.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷·69)Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas____joke.3.(2018年全国Ⅱ卷·62)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover____past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.4.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·62)Unexpectedly,I’mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat_____topofherlungs.5.(2017全国Ⅰ卷·65)As____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.theathethea冠词—特指泛指要分清，固定搭配记在心！特指泛指特指固定搭配固定搭配考点4:代词1.当括号中所给词是人称代词时,可能是填：(1)宾格形式(2)形容词性物主代词(3)名词性物主代词(4)反身代词。考点分析2.在纯空格题中填：(1)it(2)人称代词主格(3)不定代词高考题至今只要求考生在宾语位置填it。☆人称代词表要记熟☆☆注意it的用法☆1.(2018年全国Ⅰ卷·70)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive____________atry.2.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·68)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind_______(they)alive.3.(2017全国Ⅱ卷·67)However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing____everyday.4.(2016全国Ⅰ卷·68)Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby____(it)mother.it/runningthemitits介词固定短语中的介词&一般介词连词并列连词&三大从句连词代词冠词固定短语中的定冠词&不定冠词Summary特别注意it。纯空格填什么?纯空格题主要考查连词、介词和冠词(助记：廉洁官)Themoreknowledgeyoumaster,thebetteryoucandoit!Homework（同步训练）1.Iwasonmywayhomeafterrunningsomegroceryshopping_______sawasmalldogrunning…2.Overcomeit______wewillbeabletoachieveourgoals.3.Icouldn’timagine________itisliketoloseyourhomeandeverythingthatyouknow.4.ThereoncelivedaboynamedWooSing,__________fatherbroughthomeamirror.5.Ithadbeenhisdecisiontotakethisoptionalcomputerprogrammingcourse,_________didn’tmeanhewasn’teagertopass.Infact,hewantedtogetagoodmark.6.Heknewtheanswerstoallthequestions;allhishardworkhadpaidoff.Itwasnotlong_________hefinishedallthequestions.一、单句训练7.Lookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourway___successisourfear.Overcomeitandwewillbeabletoachieveourgoals.8._____ourexcitement,ourparadeperformancewasagreatsuccess.9.Brazilwasnamedtohostthisimportantsportingevent____October,2009.10.Ididn’tunderstandwhythiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged_____thereservation.11.Iprefercountrylife_____citylife.12.Hetook____deepbreathasheopenedtheexampaperhandedtohim.13.Thestudentsreturnedtoschoolwith___senseofachievement,afeelingthattheyhelpedpeopleinneed.14.Sobrightwas_____moonthattheflowerswerebrightasbyday.15.WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreet_______otherday,Ihappenedtofindasmallwalletlyingthere.16.Afterwhatseemedtobeahundredyears,Ifoundmyaudienceapplauding—Imade____!Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbeforeanaudiencedisappeared.17.However,beforeIgotonthebike,IfeltextremelynervousandIwasafraidthatIwouldfalloffandhurt_________(me).18.Theylivedmostlyonveget