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U4(选修六)1.dependon/upon+n依靠,依赖,确(坚)信Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.dependon/upon+sb.+todo指望某人做……Youcan’tdependonhimtocomeontime.dependon/upon+it+that….指望…..Youmaydependonitthathewillcome.dependon/upon+wh-从句Whetheryoucanpasstheexamdependsonhowhardyouwork.That(all)depends./italldepends.(口语)视情况而定，Imayhelpyou.Butthat/itdepends.2.light1)n.光,线,灯2)v.照亮,点燃-----lit(lighted）-----lit(lighted）Helitamatch.他划着了一根火柴。Asmileoftriumphlitupherface.她的脸上闪耀着胜利的微笑。Thematchlightseasily.这火柴容易划着3)adj.Thesuitcaseisverylight.（轻的）Therewasalightrainfalling.（蒙蒙细雨）·heavyrain/raincatsanddogs倾盆大雨Heisalightsleeper.他睡不沉。（易醒的）3.heatv./heatup是某物变热或变暖heatedadj.热的激烈的heateddebate,heateddiscussionheatedlyadv.愤怒地激昂地heater加热器发热器4.consumev.----consumer(n.).1消耗,花费;耗尽Sheconsumedmostofhertimeinreading.2吃完,喝光Thekidssoonconsumedallthefoodonthetable.孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。3使全神贯注,使着迷+withTheboywasconsumedwithcuriosity.那男孩充满好奇心。5.as…asonecan=as…aspossiblePleasecomehereassoonaspossible.=Pleasecomehereassoonasyoucan..asmanyas多达aslongas长达,只要asfaras远至,就…而论aswellas和…一样好,也,和asearlyas早在6.对比：Ourfoodsupplyhasgivenout.Hismoneysoonranout.Wearerunningoutofourtime.Ihaverunoutofmyoil.Allhissavingshavebeenusedup.7.Trapvt.陷入/n.陷阱圈套Theyfinallytrappedthemouseinacage.最后，他们用笼子把老鼠逮着了。Thepolicesetatrapforthethieves.Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.8.keep….from….远离..stop….(from)….停止..prevent…(from)….阻止...Youshouldcleanyourroomtokeepitfromgettingdirty.你应该打扫房间以保持干净。Keepdoing继续keepout挡住使进不去keepupwith跟上9Whatdoyouthinkgreenhousegasesdo?你认为温室气体有什么作用呢?▲本句中think后接了一个由what引导的宾语从句。但应注意的是：特殊宾语从句即当一般疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe，suppose，consider,imagine，guess和suggest等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首。例如：[正]Whodoyouthinkwillwininthegame?[误]Doyouthinkwhowillwininthegame?当然一般情况下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主句之后，例如：[正]Doyouknowwhywecan'tcutdownthebigtree?[误]Whydoyouknowwecan'tcutdownthebigtree?whencomparedtoothernaturalchanges是一个省略的时间状语从句，其完整的形式应该是Whenitiscomparedto…;在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果从句和主句为同一主语，或者从句的主语是it,而且从句中的谓语动词时动词be或含有助动词be，可省略主语和be如：If(itis)so,youmustgetbackandgetit.Although(hewas)criticized,hestillworkedhard.Hehurthislegsbadlywhen(hewas)playingfootball10.comparecompareto/with:与…相比Comparedto/withmanywomen,shewasindeedveryfortunate.comparedtomostnaturalchanges与大多数的自然变化相比compareAwithB：相比（不同）Ifyoucompareherworkwithhis,youwillfindhersismuchbetter.compareAtoB：把A比作BAteacher'sworkisoftencomparedtoacandle.Peopleoftencompareteacherstogardeners.人们经常把老师比做园丁。Thepoetcompareshislovertoaroseinhispoem.11.comeabout:发生=happen(无被动）1.Thissituationshouldneverhavecomeout.2.Howdiditcomeaboutthathehadhisleghurt?他的腿伤着了，这是怎么发生的？3.Thishasnotcomeaboutovernight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒Takeplace事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排：TheOlympicGamesof2008tookplaceinBeijing.Happen偶然或突发性事件：whathappenedtoyou?Ihappenedtoseehimonmywayhome=IthappenedthatIsawhimonmywayhome.Occur发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen:whathasoccurred?Ioccurredtomethatshedidn’tknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.Comeabout事情发生了，但还不知道为什么。常用于否定和疑问Whenmotherwokeup,shedidn’tknowwhathadcomeabout.Breakout常指战争灾难疾病争吵事件的发生拓展：comeintobeing形成Comeintopower/office当权/当职Comeintoforce/effect开始生效Comeout出版,结果…comeacross偶遇cometo共计，苏醒Whenitcomesto涉及Comeupwith提出Comeup在空中出现，Comealong,进展，跟随cometrue…成真12.Thereisnodoubtthat….毫无疑问….Thereisnodoubtthathecancomeontime.doubt的宾语从句,肯定句whether/if/that；否定句只用thatHedoubtedwhethertheywouldbeabletohelp.Heneverdoubtedthattheywouldwinthegame.beyond/withoutdoubt无疑地13.random随意的胡乱的随机的randomly=atrandom任意地随便地14.phenomenon(sing.)phenomena(pl.)thephenomenaofnature自然现象asocialphenomenon社会现象15.Subscribevi.Vt.Isubscribetoyouropinioncompletely.(同意赞同)Isubscribetoaweeklywomen’smagazine（订阅报纸杂志）Shesubscribestoasocietywhichhelpstoprotectanimals(定期捐款）16．Withoutthe‘greenhouseeffect’，theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果没有温室效应，地球会比现在冷33℃▲这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句=Iftherewereno“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoelectricity)，therewouldbenomodemindustry．要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。Hewashavingameetingwithhisstudents；otherwisehewouldhavecome.他当时正与他的学生进行讨论，否则的话他就来帮我们了。Hefeltverytiredyesterday,orhewouldhaveattendedtheparty．他昨天很累,不然他就参加那个聚会了。17.addv.addup加起来addupto合计达addto增加Ifyouadd4to3,youget7=4and3addupto7Addupthesefigures,please.18.quantity1)Helikesreadingandalwaysbuysbooksinquantity.他喜欢阅读,总是成批地买书。2)Heprefersqualitytoquantitywhenfoodisconcerned.在吃的方面，他重质而不重量3Alargequantityofair-conditionershasbeensoldsincethetemperaturebegantorise.自从气温升高，大量的空调已经被卖出去了。alargequantityof/largequantitiesof;大量的…，许多的…inquantity;成批地，大量地注意:1.alargequantityof/largequantitiesof之后接可数或不可数名词。2.alargequantityof…作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。largequantitiesof…作主语，谓语动词都用复数Quantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.HugequantitiesofCO2areaddedtotheatmosphere.（+不可数）Hugequantitiesoffossilfuels化石燃料areburnedtoproduceenergy.（+可数）Asaresultofburningfossilfuels,alarge___ofcarbondioxide___addedtotheatmosphere.A.number;isB.quantity;isC.number;areD.quantity;areKey：B19.Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.这就意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。causing现在分词短语置于句尾，通常和句子隔开，作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，表示正常的结果，例如：Hisfatherdied,le