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毕业论文GRADUATETHESIS论文题目：大黄中药材的毒性研究学生姓名：XXX专业班级：11级学院：指导教师：XX教授2015年5月30日摘要I摘要据初步统计，目前我国共有大约8000多种中药制剂，而在这所有中药制剂中约有800多种制剂里面存在大黄的成分，大黄是我国四种常用药材中最常用的一种，可见大黄是治疗许多疾病中非常重要的一味药材，并且被广泛应用于临床治疗上。大黄与人参、附子、熟地并称中药“四大金刚”，大黄在中药材所占据的地位有目共睹。但是根据以往的观测和研究，发现大黄有可能会导致肝脏中毒或者有致癌的潜在风险，但是到目前为止，对大黄中主要成份的毒性比较研究，以及不同地区大黄关于毒性机制研究报道却很少。大黄在临床治疗上应用非常地广泛，通常情况下使用大黄是没有风险的，但是长时间的或者过多的摄取则会出现一些毒性反应，因此，本篇论文将采用整体动物实验、DNA的微阵列技术等方法研究分析相关数据和并探讨研究产自不同地区的大黄的胃肠毒性，以及大黄中主要成分的毒性研究，并通过科学合理使用炮制，配伍和统一品种等解毒机制，整理一份大黄质量标准。从而加强对此类药物的不良反应的改善，为大黄的广泛使用和加快中药现代化提供一些参考依据。关键词：大黄；毒性；现代研究；减毒对策AbstractIIAbstractAccordingtostatistics,currentlytherearemorethan8000kindsoftraditionalChinesemedicinepreparation,andinallthetraditionalChinesemedicineagentabout800kindsofreagentsarerhubarb,rhubarbisChina'sfourkindsofcommontraditionalChinesemedicineisthemostcommonlyuseda,visiblerhubarbisveryimportantinmanydiseasesofmedicinaltreatment,andiswidelyusedinclinicalmedicine.Rhubarbandaconite,radixginseng,Chinesemedicineandsaidbigfour,ChineseherbalmedicineofRhubarbinthepositionofbeobvioustopeople.Butaccordingtothepreviousobservationandresearch,foundthatrhubarbcouldleadtolivertoxicorcarcinogenicpotential,butsofar,acomparativestudyonthetoxicityofthemaincomponentsinrhubarb,anddifferentareasrhubarbresearchreportsonthemechanismsoftoxicityarefew.Rhubarbiswidelyusedinclinicaltrials,generaluseofrhubarbisnotdangerous,butofteneattoomuchormayhavesometoxicity,therefore,analysisofrelevantdataandtoexploreandstudyfromthesideeffectsofRhubarbindifferentregionsofthegastrointestinalisconsistentwiththemicroarraytechnologytostudythemethodofthispaperwillusethewholeanimalexperiment,DNA,throughthediscussionandResearchonthemaincomponents,toxicityinrhubarb,rhubarbfinishingaqualitystandard,throughprocessing,compatibilityandunificationofvarietiesandothermethods,strengthentheadversereactionstothesedrugsimprove,toprovidesomereferenceforthewidespreaduseofrhubarbandacceleratethemodernizationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Keywords:Rhubarb;toxicity;modernresearch;attenuatedCountermeasures目录III目录摘要.............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1大黄的临床反应.....................................................................................................................11.2研究的目的与意义.................................................................................................................2第2章掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄和药用大黄..............................................................32.1植物形态.................................................................................................................................32.1.1掌叶大黄..........................................................................................................................32.1.2唐古特大黄......................................................................................................................32.1.3药用大黄..........................................................................................................................32.2产地分布.................................................................................................................................32.3掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄和药用大黄毒性试验比较.............................................................3第3章大黄毒性反应现代研究..................................................................................53.1阻滞脾胃、损耗元气.............................................................................................................53.2肝损害.....................................................................................................................................53.3继发性便秘.............................................................................................................................53.4肾损伤.....................................................................................................................................63.5三致作用.................................................................................................................................63.6长期毒性研究.........................................................................................................................63.7影响细胞信号转导通路引起的毒性研究.............................................................................7第4章减毒对策..........................................................................................................84.1规范品种，统一标准.............................................................................................................84.2炮制减毒.................................................................................................................................84.3配伍减毒.................................................................................................................................84.4其他.................