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名词性从句主语+be+表语主语+do+宾语名词名词一.什么叫“名词性从句”？名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{宾语{Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.主语谓语宾语从句主语从句谓语宾语主语谓语同位语从句主语系动词表语从句Weallknowthatheisafamoussinger.Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntousall.Weallknowthefactthatheisafamoussinger.Thefactisthatheisafamoussinger.宾语常见引导词：1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）2）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等，有意义，作成分3）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义，在句中作状语4）从属连词if,whether（是否）(if只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句)1.____hesaidhasnothingtodowithyou.2._________we’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.3.________hedidsuchathingsatisfiedme.4________wecanprotectculturalrelicsneedstobediscussed.whatwhenThatHowthat在以下情况下不能省略：一、当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。Theteachertoldthestudents(that)theyshouldhandintheirhomeworkthenextdayandthatthehomeworkmustbesignednamesbytheirparents.老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。二、当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。LittleAlicedidn'tknow,I'msure,thathersisterwasgoingtoAmerica.我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。三、当that宾语从句前有it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。Wethinkitimportantthatcollegestudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage.我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。注意：当名词性从句已有疑问词引导时，不可再加that。例如：Idon'tunderstandthatwhatyousaidjustnow.(×)Idon'tunderstandwhatyousaidjustnow.(√)whether与if的辨用表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式(whethertodosth.)g.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用ifPracticetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充当任何成分）2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）典型错误及归纳找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idon'tknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Idon'tknowwherehehasgone.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot…...规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.规律三：4种情况只能用whether：（1）位于句子开头；（2）前面有介词；3）引导表语从句；（4）与ornot连用。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？做题三步曲：步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来。步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_______comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme________?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom_______.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_______Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_______fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.it'sD.that7.Canyoutellme_______therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_______?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9._______youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall________.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_________dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_______.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike13.Canyoumakesure________thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure________inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.whatlookmanlike15.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.It's________youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._______hesaidatthemeetingas