Simple-Past---一般过去式

1SimplePastFORM[VERB+ed]orirregularverbsExamples:YoucalledDebbie.DidyoucallDebbie?YoudidnotcallDebbie.CompleteListofSimplePastFormsUSE1CompletedActioninthePastUsetheSimplePasttoexpresstheideathatanactionstartedandfinishedataspecifictimeinthepast.Sometimes,thespeakermaynotactuallymentionthespecifictime,buttheydohaveonespecifictimeinmind.Examples:Isawamovieyesterday.Ididn'tseeaplayyesterday.Lastyear,ItraveledtoJapan.Lastyear,Ididn'ttraveltoKorea.Didyouhavedinnerlastnight?Shewashedhercar.Hedidn'twashhiscar.USE2ASeriesofCompletedActionsWeusetheSimplePasttolistaseriesofcompletedactionsinthepast.Theseactionshappen1st,2nd,3rd,4th,andsoon.Examples:2Ifinishedwork,walkedtothebeach,andfoundaniceplacetoswim.Hearrivedfromtheairportat8:00,checkedintothehotelat9:00,andmettheothersat10:00.Didyouaddflour,pourinthemilk,andthenaddtheeggs?USE3DurationinPastTheSimplePastcanbeusedwithadurationwhichstartsandstopsinthepast.Adurationisalongeractionoftenindicatedbyexpressionssuchas:fortwoyears,forfiveminutes,allday,allyear,etc.Examples:IlivedinBrazilfortwoyears.ShaunastudiedJapaneseforfiveyears.Theysatatthebeachallday.Theydidnotstayatthepartytheentiretime.Wetalkedonthephoneforthirtyminutes.A:Howlongdidyouwaitforthem?B:Wewaitedforonehour.USE4HabitsinthePastTheSimplePastcanalsobeusedtodescribeahabitwhichstoppedinthepast.Itcanhavethesamemeaningasusedto.Tomakeitclearthatwearetalkingaboutahabit,weoftenaddexpressionssuchas:always,often,usually,never,whenIwasachild,whenIwasyounger,etc.Examples:IstudiedFrenchwhenIwasachild.Heplayedtheviolin.Hedidn'tplaythepiano.Didyouplayamusicalinstrumentwhenyouwereakid?Sheworkedatthemovietheaterafterschool.Theyneverwenttoschool,theyalwaysskippedclass.3USE5PastFactsorGeneralizationsTheSimplePastcanalsobeusedtodescribepastfactsorgeneralizationswhicharenolongertrue.AsinUSE4above,thisuseoftheSimplePastisquitesimilartotheexpressionusedto.Examples:Shewasshyasachild,butnowsheisveryoutgoing.Hedidn'tliketomatoesbefore.DidyouliveinTexaswhenyouwereakid?Peoplepaidmuchmoretomakecellphonecallsinthepast.IMPORTANTWhen-ClausesHappenFirstClausesaregroupsofwordswhichhavemeaningbutareoftennotcompletesentences.SomeclausesbeginwiththewordwhensuchaswhenIdroppedmypen...orwhenclassbegan...Theseclausesarecalledwhen-clauses,andtheyareveryimportant.Theexamplesbelowcontainwhen-clauses.Examples:WhenIpaidheronedollar,sheansweredmyquestion.SheansweredmyquestionwhenIpaidheronedollar.When-clausesareimportantbecausetheyalwayshappenfirstwhenbothclausesareintheSimplePast.Bothoftheexamplesabovemeanthesamething:first,Ipaidheronedollar,andthen,sheansweredmyquestion.ItisnotimportantwhetherwhenIpaidheronedollarisatthebeginningofthesentenceorattheendofthesentence.However,theexamplebelowhasadifferentmeaning.First,sheansweredmyquestion,andthen,Ipaidheronedollar.Example:Ipaidheronedollarwhensheansweredmyquestion.ADVERBPLACEMENTTheexamplesbelowshowtheplacementforgrammaradverbssuchas:always,only,never,ever,still,just,etc.4Examples:YoujustcalledDebbie.DidyoujustcallDebbie?ACTIVE/PASSIVEExamples:Tomrepairedthecar.ACTIVEThecarwasrepairedbyTom.PASSIVE