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中学英语语法专项讲练动词及动词短语考点1常见易混动词辨析(1)spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”Momneverspendsanymoneyonherself.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.你能借给我12块钱吗？我下周还你。Itwon'tcostyouapennyforthefirstsixmonths.开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。(2)look/watch/see/read表示“看”★look可以表示“看上去”，是感官动词，后接形容词。★看病(看医生)用seeadoctor表示。(3)speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”(4)感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smell(5)borrow/lend/keep表示“借”(6)hope/wish/expect(7)forget/leave(8)hear/listen/sound(9)wear/puton/dress/in(10)reach/get/arrive常见易混动词辨析考生经常在同义词、近义词、形近词辨析这几点上触雷。1．Lastnightthey__homeat__12：00.A．reach;behindB．got;aroundC．got;aboutD．arriveat;aboutC2．OurEnglishteacheroften__wecanspeakChinesewhenwe__withher.A．speaks;sayB．talks;talkC．says;talkD．tells;speakC3．(2017·襄阳中考)—Great!Ourwomen'svolleyballteam__thegoldmedalinRioOlympicGamesonSaturday!—Yes.WeseethegreatspiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballteamonceagain!A．wonB．beatC．lostD．missedA4．(2017·凉山中考)—Wow,yoursweaterisverybeautiful!—Thankyou.Iboughtittwodaysago.It__me$50.A．tookB．costC．paidD．spentB5．—Waiter,there'safly(苍蝇)swimminginmysoup.—Sowhatdoyou__metodo,callalifeguard(救生员)?A．warnB．expectC．inviteD．encourageB6．(2017·盐城中考)Chinahasseenatrend(潮流)of__sharedbikessincelastyear.A．rideB．ridingC．takeD．takingB7．(2017·天津中考)—Thecheesedoesn't__good.Whydon'twegotobuysomefreshcheese?—Soundsgreat!A．seeB．findC．soundD．tasteD8．(2017·海南中考)—I__sick.Imayhaveafever.—You'dbettergotoseeadoctor.A．feelB．lookC．soundA考点2动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。(1)同一动词的不同搭配①look短语lookafter照料；照顾lookat看lookfor寻找；寻求lookforwardto盼望；期待lookout注意；当心；向外看lookthrough快速查看；浏览lookup(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看lookupto钦佩；仰慕look短语辨析look构成的各种动词短语比较难辨析，考生经常在这一点上触雷。②cut短语cutdown砍倒cutoff切除cutout删除；删去cutup切碎③run短语runafter追逐；追赶runaway跑开runout(of)用尽；耗尽④turn短语turndown调低turnup调高turn...into变成turnon接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turnoff关掉turnleft/right向左/右转⑤take短语takeafter(外貌或行为)像takecareof照顾；处理takedown拆除；往下拽；记录takein吸入；吞入(体内)takeoff脱下；起飞takeplace发生；出现takeup(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做⑥get短语getdressed穿上衣服getinto陷入；参与getlost迷路getoff下车geton上车getonwith与……相处getup起床；站起⑦use短语be/getusedto习惯于beusedtodo被用来做……usedto曾经……；过去……⑧give短语giveaway赠送；捐赠giveout分发；散发giveup放弃givein屈服⑨call短语call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话callin召来；叫来callup打电话给(某人)；征召⑩come短语cometrue实现；成为现实comeupwith想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)⑪bring短语bringback恢复；使想起；归还bringout使显现；使表现出⑫fall短语fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着falldown突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fallinlove爱上；喜欢上fallover绊倒⑬go短语goalong(thestreet)沿着(这条街)走gooff(闹钟)发出响声goout外出(娱乐)⑭make短语makesure确保；查明makeup编造(故事、谎言等)⑮put短语puton增加(体重)；发胖putoff推迟putup搭起；举起；张贴putaway收拾(整理)好putsth.togooduse好好利用某物putout熄灭⑯set短语setout出发；启程setup建起；建立(2)同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配①up短语callup打电话给(某人)；征召cheerup(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来cleanup打扫(或清除)干净cutup切碎dressup装扮；乔装打扮endup最终成为；最后处于fixup修理；装饰giveup放弃growup长大；成熟hurryup赶快；急忙lookup查找makeup编造(故事、谎言等)pickup捡起；接电话putup搭起；举起setup建起；建立showup赶到；露面stayup熬夜takeup(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据wakeup醒；叫醒②out短语blowout吹灭bringout使显现；使表现出checkout察看；观察clearout清理；丢掉findout查明；弄清giveout分发；散发goout外出(娱乐)handout分发hangout闲逛；常去某处layout摆开；布置leaveout不包括；不提及；忽略runout(of)用尽；耗尽sellout卖光setout出发；启程workout成功地发展；解决③down短语diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失let...down使失望liedown躺下pull...down拆下；摧毁writedown写下；记录下④with短语agreewith...同意；赞成compare...with比较；对比connect...with...把……和……连接或联系起来dealwith应付；处理partwith放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)(3)完全不同的动词词组askfor请求；恳求(给予)carefor照顾；非常喜欢believein信任；信赖careabout关心；在意clean...off把……擦掉dependon依靠；信赖divide...into把……分成separatefrom分开；分离hearfrom接到(某人的)信、电话等throwaway扔掉；抛弃dropby顺便访问；随便进入stickto坚持；固守payattentionto注意；关注passby路过；经过payfor付费；付出代价preparefor为……做准备pulltogether齐心协力；通力合作shutoff关闭；停止运转taketheplaceof代替；替换thinkof认为9．(2017·安徽中考)Ourgeographyteachertoldusto__moreinformationaboutourcityandshareitnextweek.A．findoutB．keepawayC．turnoffD．useupA10．(2017·山西中考)Whenyou'reinvitedtohavedinnerathomebyanAmericanfriend,youshouldbe__oralittlelater.It'sdifferentfromourChinesecustom.A．ontimeB．onbusinessC．onshowA11．(2017·盐城中考)Toathletes,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasliver,butto__．A．takepartB．takenoticeC．takeplaceD．takecareA12．(2017·孝感中考)—What'sthemeaningof“TheBeltandRoad”？—Letme__thewordsinthenewdictionary.A．lookatB．lookforC．lookafterD．lookupD13．(2017·贵港中考)—Whatshouldwedoforthedisabledchildren?—Youshould__astudygrouptohelpthem.A．takeupB．setupC．lookupD．putupB14．(2017·贵港中考)—I'mgoingtoHongKongnextmonth.Whataboutyou,Jenny?—Iwill__socialpractice.A．takepartinB．takeplaceC．takeoffD．takeactionA15．(2017·贵阳中考)Weshouldnot__treesinordertomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A．writedownB．cutdownC．turndownB16．(2017·河南中考)Don'tyouknowwhereyourkidsareinthehouse?TurnofftheInternetandthey'll__quickly.A．getupB．standupC．showupD．hurryupC17．(2017·南通中考)Makesureyouhavepreparedeverythingwellbeforeyou__theplan.A．tryonB．breakdownC．thinkofD．carryoutD18．(2017·荆州中考)—What'sthenewsabout?—Peoplenearthelakedidn'tallowthemto__afactorysoasnottopollutethewater.A．lookupB．putupC．takeupD．setupD19．(2017·宜昌中考)—Whatdoyouthinkisimportantfortheplayersonateam?—It'stoplaytogetherand__thebestineachother.A．bringoutB．lookupC．believeinD．blowoutA20．(2017·连云港中考)—HaveyouheardofthebigfirethatbrokeoutonHuaguoMountainattheQ