搜索
定语从句定语从句概念关系词：引导定语从句的词。它有三个作用先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词在全句中做定语的从句引导定语从句代表先行词在从句中做句子成分知识网络定语从句关系词关系代词做主语：I’mascientistwho/thatstudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.做宾语：Thegirl(whom/who/that)ImetyesterdayiscalledJane.做定语：Ihadastudentwhosecreativitywouldinfectothers.指人定语从句关系词关系代词指物做主语：Idonotlikethenovelswhich/thathaveunhappyendings.做宾语：I’dliketoseethecar(which/that)youboughtyesterday.做定语：Thehousewhosedoors(=thedoorsofwhich/ofwhichthedoors)aregreenismyuncle’s.定语从句关系词关系副词做时间状语(先行词是时间)：Julyisthemonthwhen(=inwhich)nature’sberriesareinabundance.做地点状语(先行词是地点)：Upstairshehadastudiowhere(=inwhich)hepaintedalittle.做原因状语(先行词是reason)：Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.做方式状语(先行词是way)：Idon’tlikethewaythat(=inwhich)youlaughather.定语从句关系词介词+关系代词HerewassomeonewithwhomIcouldsharemyfeelings.[=(whom/whom/that)Icould...with]IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller’saccident.(inthedream)Hehasthreechildren,twoofwhomarecollegestudents.(部分与整体)定语从句关系词不能用that非限制性定语从句：Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.直接位于介词后：ThesewereallqualitiesforwhichIhadoncerespectedmyelderbrother.people,those,one等指人时多用who：Peoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelgood.定语从句关系词先行词包括人和物：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistoworkoutaplan.Thisisthebestdictionary(that)I’veeverused.序数词或最高级后指事物的不定代词后：Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents.只/多用that定语从句关系词只/多用thatTheyarethoughttobetheonlyinsectthatdoesthis.TheBird’sNestistheveryplace(that)youcannotmisswhenyouvisitBeijing.theonly/very后的事物WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTominEnglish?Whichisthehousethatcaughtfirelastnight?who/which开头的问句中先行词在therebe后：Thereisstillalotofhomework(that)wehavetodoinoursparetime.定语从句非限制性定语从句三个特点:对先行词起补充说明作用；用逗号与主句分开;不可由that引导。Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturday.先行词是整个主句：Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryangry.先行词是专有名词：Johnlikesrice,asopposedtoMary,whohatesit.先行词前有物主代词：Hisson,towhomhehasbeendevoted,islivingabroad.先行词是一类人或事物：Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.须用情况定语从句As引导的定语从句限制性：在such,as,thesame后:Thisisthesamepersonascameyesterday.非限制性：Aswasexpected,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.［(不出所料)as做主语，谓语通常要有be］考点考法关系词whenthat/whichwhichwho关系代词ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshows,wantstoprove…...itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,_______isnotgood......madeastudy___________showedamerefiveto...关系副词：...goesbacktomydays,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter…填空...plantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.)Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportant...Theyhadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.改错whichthat/which或which→wherein1.要去露营的人请在大门口集合。Thosewhoaregoingcampingpleasegatheratthegate.2.失去健康的人就失去了一切。Hewholoseshealthlosesall.用写作运3.他的班上有五十个学生，其中大多数都非常努力。Therearefiftystudentsinhisclass,mostofwhomareworkinghard.4.不出所料,他轻而易举地通过了考试。Aswasexpected,hepassedtheexameasily.5.我们队赢了这场比赛，这使得我们非常高兴。Ourteamwonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.顾真题回一、语法填空在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.(2018全国Ⅰ卷)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014___________showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.先行词是astudy，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。that/which2.(2018全国Ⅱ卷)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogram___________givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers...先行词是program，指物，定语从句中缺主语，用关系代词that或which。that/which3.(2017全国Ⅰ卷)Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood…Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,________isnotgoodforthehealth.非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，即“脂肪和盐两者都可能吃得太多”，这对健康不利。在从句中作主语，用which。which4.(2017全国Ⅲ卷)ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.非限制性定语从句,补充说明Sarah;先行词Sarah是人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导。who5.(2016全国Ⅰ卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.非限制性定语从句，先行词是themid-1980s，并在从句中作时间状语，故用when。when6.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)…thegreatChinesescholarConfucius,______livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influenced…非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confucius,在从句中作主语，用who。who7.(2015全国Ⅰ卷)I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver___________arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.先行词是topsanddarkwaters，并在从句中作主语，用which或that。8.(2014全国Ⅰ卷)Maybeyouhaveahabit___________isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.先行词是habit，并在从句中作主语，用which或that。which/thatwhich/that二、短文改错1.(2018全国Ⅰ卷)Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.因theyraisedfish主谓宾齐全，先行词是表示地点的asmallpond(小池塘)，故用作地点状语的关系副词where，或者在which前加in，inwhich=andinthepond。where或在which前加in2.(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.引导非限制性定语从句不能用that。先行词是garden，用which。which3.(2017全国Ⅲ卷)Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.先行词是thethings，代替先行词并在定语从句中作主语，用which或that。that/which4.(2013全国Ⅱ卷)Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebe