应用文写作书信•3.书信•⑴书信的一般格式:•英文书信的构成可分为8个部分:•信头(heading)•日期(date)•收信人姓名及地址(InsideNameandAddress)•称呼(salutation)•信文(bodyoftheletter)•结束语(ComplimentaryClose)•署名(Signature)•附言(P.S.)•①.信头•信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写在信的右上角,离开信纸的顶头约1英寸,占二三行或四行均可。•注意:写地址的顺序与中文不同,应先写门牌号码、街道,然后写城市和国名。如写给经常往来的亲友,这项地址也可省略。•②.日期•写日期注意下列各点:•A.年份应写全,例如不能用10来代替2010。•B.月份应写英文名称,除May,July外,其他月份可缩写,如:Sep.Oct.但不能用数字来代替,如11/4/2010或311,4,2010,因为在英国此时期代表•11thApril.2010,而美国则代表4thNov.2010。•C.日期可用1,2,3,4,….11,21,31号,也可用1st,2nd,3rd,4th…21st,31st等。•日期的几种写法:2010年4月11日•April11,201011April,2010•April11st,201011stApril,2010•D.应特别注意英文书信日期应紧接着写信人地址下一行,不能像中文书信那样写在书信签名之后,这是很多学生的常见错误。•③.收信人姓名及地址•写信人的地址和日期写好后,接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址,一般的事务信件或较生疏的朋友的信件要写,而在给极熟的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人的姓名写一行,收信人的地址可写二行或三行,上下取齐。在姓名前一般要加称号,称号因人而异。••对普通男子用Mr.,对未婚女子用Miss•对已婚女子用Mrs.,对婚姻状况不明者常用Ms.•对教授或博士(医生)用Prof.或Dr.•④.称呼•称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼,如Dear,Mr.Uncle等,各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后一般用逗号。•现归纳如下:•A.对父母、兄弟、姐妹等:•DearFather,MyDearMother,•DearSister,DearTom,•对亲戚:•MydearAuntie,DearCousin,•对同学、朋友•Mydearfriend,DearMr.Jackson,•MydearMr.Jackson,DearSir•对未婚女子,不论是否结婚:•Madame,DearMadame•对已婚女子:•DearMrs.HelenJackson,•MydearMrs.HelenJackson,•对公司、工厂、学校等:•DearSirs,Gentlemen,•⑤.信文•信文是信件的主体部分,也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。正文写法也有一定的规律,一般是:•A.开头带有寒暄、客气的套语;•B.正文要写事情;•C.收尾要有寒暄客套语。•一般来说,开头与收尾的词语较为固定,正文中与信的真正内容有关的词语,不是固定的,要根据具体情况而定。•⑵一般信的开头套语:•要看在写信时,尤其是在给对方回信时的情况而选择不同的客套语。•A.感谢类开头ThankyouforyourinterestingkindinformationwelcomedelightfulEtc.Letterwhicharrivedyesterdaythismorning,lastweek,etc.•B.喜悦类开头Iamsoverypleasedhappydelightfulgladtoreceiveyourwonderfulletter•C.探询类开头•Howareyou?•Howareyougettingalong?•Howareyougettingonwithyourstudies/life?•Ioftenthinkofyou.Howhaveyoubeenrecently?•Ihopeyouarestillkeepingwell/healthy.•致歉类开头•Iwassorrytolearnthatyouwereill.Ihopeyouaregettingbetternow.•Iwassosorrythatwedidn’tmeetwhenyouwereinBeijinglastweek.•I’msorrythatIcouldn’twriteearlier.IwascalledawayfromBeijingwhenyourletterarrived.•Sorryfordelayingthislettersolong.I’vebeenterriblybusywiththenewtermstarting.Idohopeyouarenotangrywithme.•⑶信的结尾套语:•I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.•Pleasewritetomesoon.•Pleasegivemyregardstoyourfamily.•Ihopetohearfromyousoon.•Takecareofyourselfandwriteoften.•Pleaseremembermetoyourfamily.•Withbestwishestoyouandyours.•Wearewaitingforyourgoodnews.•⑷结束语:结束语一般写法如下:•业务书信常用:•Yourstruly,Trulyyours,•Yoursfaithfully(忠实的),Sincerelyyours,•公函常用:•Yoursrespectfully(尊敬的),•Respectfullyyours,•私人书信常用:•Sincerelyyours,Yoursverysincerely,Yoursever,•给亲朋的信常用:•Love,•Allmylove,•Your(ever)lovingson/daughter/cousin,etc.•Youraffectionate(慈爱的)nephew.•Yourslovely,•Lovelyyours,•署名•个人署名:•Yourstruly,•W.J.Watson公司署名:Yoursfaithfully,LegendComputerCompanyWangLinSalesManager•101HankouRoad•Shanghai,China•12thFeb,2010TheRegistrarOxfordUniversityEnglandDearTom,(称呼)GladtoreceiveyourletterofDecember1,...................……………………….正文…………………..Bestregardstoyourparents.(结束语和谦称)YourssincerelyZhangHong(签名)•请按英文的格式写下列地址(信封):•写信人地址:黑龙江省哈尔滨市一曼街135号。•收信人地址:美国,纽约509MStreetNW,JohnSmithMrWang135YimanRoad(发信人姓名、地址)HarbinHeilongjiangJohnSmith(收信人姓名、地址)509MStreetNW,NewYork,USA⑸英文信封的写法与中文不大相同。收信人的姓名地址通常要写在信封的正中央或偏右一点。发信人的姓名及地址写在信封的左上角,也可以写在信封的背面的口盖上。•以下是写信时常用的句式•1、表示感谢的常用句式:•Thankyouverymuchfor+v-ing…•Imustthankyoufor…•Iamextremelygratefulfor…•Iammostgratefulforyourshowingme…•Itwasverygood/niceofyouto…•Thanksalotfor…•2.表示道歉常用语句:•I’mverysorryIcan’t…•Iamterriblysorryforthat…•Idon’toftenmakesuchcarelessmistake.Isincerely•Hopethatyouwillkindlyacceptmyapologies.•I’mwritingtoapologizeformissingmyappointmentyesterdayafternoon.•Acceptmyapologiesfor…•Willyoupleaseacceptmyapology?•3.写求职信常用句式:•开头:•①I’dliketoapplyforthejob/post/position•advertisedin…•Isawadvertisedin…•I’vejustseeninthe…•②Havingknownthatyourofficeneedsa…Iwant/hope/writetoapplyforthepost.•③Inanswertoyouradvertisement,Iwishtoapplyfor…•④Ilearnedfromyouradvertisementthatyouareinneedofa…•工作经历:•①Forthelast…I’vebeen…•②I’vebeen…since…•③I’vehadexperienceof…•④I’vedone…before…•⑤I’veneverdone…but…•⑥In1989Iworked…•⑦…beforethatIworked…•工作兴趣:•①I’mveryinterested(especiallyinterested)in…•②I’mratherkeenon…•③Oneofmyreasonsforapplyingisthat…•结尾:•①Ishallbemuchobliged(感激的)ifyouwillaffordmeanopportunityforaninterview.•②Iampreparedtobeinterviewedwhenyoufinditconvenient.•③MayIlookforwardtospeakingwithyouaboutthepositionyouhaveavailable(可用的职位)?•4.表示请求与询问的常用语:•⑴Couldyousendme…•⑵I’dlikeyouto...•⑶I’dbegratefulifyoucould/would…•⑷Woulditbepossibleforyoutosend/sell…•⑸I’dliketoorder…fromyou/fromyourcompany.•⑹Couldyoualsopleasesendme/deliver…tome…•5.写祝贺信,可使用以下习惯用语:•A.Whatexciting(wonderful,happy)news!•B.It’sgood(great,themostjoyful)newsIhave•heardforalongtime.•C.Iwasdelighted(pleasantlysurprised)tohear(receive)thenews(toreceivetheannouncement)(toreadinthenewspaper)…•D.Icongratulateyou…•E.Congratulationson…•F.Acceptmyheartiestcongratulations…•G.Permitmetocongratulateyou…•6.表示祝贺的词语:•⑴Icongratulateyouon+v-ing…•⑵I’mdelighted/pleasedtohearthatyou…•⑶Itwasgreattohearthatyou…•⑷Iwishtocongratulateyouon…•⑸Pleaseaddmywarmestcongratulationsto…•⑹Withmywholeheartedcongratu