搜索
Pastparticiplesusedasobjectcomplement(过去分词做宾语补足语)Grammar概述英语中有些动词，除了有一个直接宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，句子才完整。过去分词作宾补表示该动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，它对宾补作进一步的补充说明。Wethinkhimclever.Whathesaidmademeangry.Theyconsidertheanswercorrect.EveryonecallshimTom.宾语宾补带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语1.HisfathernamedhimDaMing.2.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.3.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.4.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.(名词)(动词不定式)(现在分词或其短语)(形容词)(省略to的动词不定式)哪些可以做宾补？5.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.6.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.7.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.8.Letthefreshairin.9.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(过去分词)(用as引出)(介词短语)(副词)(从句)过去分词作宾语补足语三种情况1.使役动词get,have,make,keep,leave等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,表：“致使某人或某事被…”Weshouldkeeptheirhousecleaned.Ihadmyhair______yesterday.cut•Thehouseisbroken.•Pleasegetthehouse_________(mend)now.mendedHehadhishaircut.Hehadhisclotheswashed.Hehadhisroomcleaned.Hehadhiswallspainted.Hehadhisbikerepaired.hairclothesroomwallscarHegothisleginjured.Hegothisglassesbroken.Hegothiscameradamaged.Hegothiswalletstolen.1).过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep，leave等的后面。(keep/leavesth/sbdone)eg:①Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.②Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.•1.意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：•Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.•2.意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。•Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.•3.意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成•Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）2).havesth/sbdone的几种含义Ihadmyrecorderrepaired.(Iaskedsomebodyelsetorepairit.)Ihadtheroomcleaned.(Iorganizedit.)Hehadhisfootinjured.(somethingbadhappened.)•Had+宾语+过去分词作宾补的用法3).“make+宾语+过去分词”，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如：eg:①Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.②TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.2.感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表:“感受到某人或某事被做”。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturneddown.NoteIsawhimgetoffthebus.Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.Isawhimlyingontheroadjustnow.(to)do:整个过程-ed:被动-ing:主动现在分词、过去分词与不定式作补语的区别Isawthem______intherain.caught•XiaoXinfoundallhismoney________(steal)onhiswayhome.stolenunfinishedMymotherneverallowmetoplaycomputergameswithmyhomework____________.（finish）ShefoundTom’shaircut.Shefoundhisroomcleaned.Shefoundhisbikerepaired.Shefoundhisclotheswashed.Shefoundthewallspainted.hairclothesroomwallscarIsawhim___________________.scoldscoldedbyhismotherIsaw___________________.bitehimbittenbyadogIsaw___________________.robherrobbedbyamanFillintheblanks.Iheardsomeone_________me.Iheardmyname________.IfoundTom_______thewindow.Ifoundthewindow_______.callingcalledbreakbroken1)Sototheirsurprisethethreecountriesfoundthemselvesunitedpeacefully…2)…theyweregoingtogetIrelandconnectedtotheotherthree…3)Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth,but...4)IthastheoldestportbuiltbytheRomansinthefirstcenturyAD,theoldestbuildingbegunbytheAngloSaxonsinthe1060sandtheoldestcastleconstructedbylaterNormanrulers.Canyoufindthese?Ihadmywatchrepaired.Ihadmyroomcleaned.Ihadmyfootinjured.Shefoundhishaircut.Shefoundhisclotheswashed.Shefoundhisroomcleaned.havesth./sb.donefindsth./sbdoneHegothisleginjured.Hegothiscameradamaged.Hegothisglassesbroken.getsth./sbdoneIsawhimbeatenbyhismother.Isawhimbittenbyadog.Isawhimrobbedbyaman.seesth./sb.doneImadehimpunished.makesth./sb.doneIwatchedhimkilled.watchsth./sbdone3.表示“意欲;命令”的动词如:like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了tobe,表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。Iwishtheseletters(tobe)typedassoonaspossible.Hedidn’twantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano.2.看watch,notice,see,lookat,observe听hear,listento感feel闻smell发现find3.情感want,wish,like,order1.使役keep,leave,get,have,makesth./sb.done1)BeingpooratEnglish,I’mafraidIcan’tmakemyself______.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understoodD2)Ihavehadmybike______,andI’mgoingtohavesomebody______myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairingC3)Youmustgetthework______beforeFriday.A.doB.todoC.doingD.doneD4)______theroom,thenursefoundthetape-recorder______.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;stolenC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolenB5)Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem______soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settlingsettle解决A4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态,这时过去分词改作主语补足语,说明主语所处的状态。Thedoorwasfoundbroken.Herbagwasfoundstolenwhenshewokeup.5.“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.(表方式)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.(表条件)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.(表原因)注意：在这一结构中,当宾语为某一身体部位,且作宾补的动词是及物动词时,身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语,因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。(fixone’seyeson为固定短语)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时,用现在分词的形式。Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.她觉得心跳很快。(beat意为“心跳”,是不及物动词)作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时,宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。Iwanttheletterposted.我想把这封信寄出去。2.少数不及物动词如go,change,fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时,仅表示动作完成。因此,宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。Shefoundherringgoneonherwayho