浅谈PMV方程的适用范围

PMV*许景峰(,400045):近年来随着人们对居住环境热舒适度的重视,利用ISO7730标准中PMV-PPD指标来进行室内热环境舒适度评价的现象越来越普遍,目前许多研究室内热环境的文章也是把PMV-PPD指标作为参考和依据,来进行研究与分析但是对于PMV-PPD指标的适用范围却很少有人关注和了解,从而出现了对PMV指标的误用和滥用,并推导出某些不准确的结论通过对PMV方程推导过程的分析,解释了在高温条件下PMV指标与实际情况不符的现象,进一步说明PMV方程的适用范围,从而保证在进行热舒适度研究过程中可以作出科学合理的评价与结论:热舒适;PMV-PPD指标;热舒适测试仪;PMV方程;适用范围:TU111.19+1:A:1006-7329(2005)03-0013-06DiscussionontheApplicationRangeofthePMVEquationXUJing-feng(CollegeofArchitecture&UrbanPlanning,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400045,P.R.China)Abstract:Withtheattentiontothecomfortdegreeoflivingenvironmen,tthephenomenonofmakinguseofthePMV-PPDindexwithintheISO7730standardtoevaluatetheindoorthermalcomfortdegreeismoreandmorewidespread.ManypapersaboutindoorthermalenvironmentarebasedonthePMV-PPDindexasthereferenceorbasistoresearchandanalyze.ButfewpeopleunderstandandpayattentiontotheapplicationrangeofthePMV-PPDindex.SosomepeoplemisuseandabusethePMVindexanddeducesomeinaccurateconclusions.Inthisthesis,basedontheanalysisoftheprocessofdeducingPMVequation,thephenomenonthatPMVindexisdifferentfromthefactinthehightemperatureconditionisexplained;furthermoretheappl-icationrangeofthePMVequationisconfirmed.Sotoobtainthescientificandreasonableevaluationandcon-clusionintheprocessofresearchofthethermalcomfortdegreecanbeensured.Keywords:thermalcomfor;tPMV-PPDindex;thermalcomfortmeter;PMVequation;applicationrange,,,(ASHRAE):[1],,,,(ET)(ET*)(SET)(H.S.I.)(PMV)[3],(P.O.Fanger)PMV(PredictedMeanVote),第27卷第3期2005年6月重庆建筑大学学报JournalofChongqingJianzhuUniversityVo.l27No.3Jun.2005*:2005-01-06:(1980-),,,,:;:PMV,,,,,,,Fanger,,PMV[6]1984ISO7730ISO7730PMV-PPDB&KFangerPMV,1212(ThermalComfortMeter)PMV1,1212PMV,:1)1212,PMV;2)1212,,,,PMVPPD;3),,,,(3.6kPa,);4)1212PMVPPD(-2.2[PMV[+2.2,5%[PPD[90%),;5)1212,,,1212PMV,2PMVPMV,,PMVPMV,FangerPMV[6]:PMV=[0.303exp(-0.036M)+0.0275]@TL=[0.303exp(-0.036M)+0.0275]@{M-W-3.05[5.73-0.007(M-W)-pa]-0.0173M(5.87-pa)-0.0014M(34-ta)-0.42(M-W-58)-3.96@10-8ftl[(tcl+273)4-(¸tr+273)4]-fclAc(tcl-ta)}(1):TL(ThermalLoad),,;M(MetabolicRate),,W/m2;W(WorkRate),(0),W/m2;pa(PressureofWaterVapor),kPa;ta14重庆建筑大学学报第27卷(AirTemperature),e;¸tr(MeanRadiantTemperature),e;¸tr=6nk=1(FkHi,k)6nk=1Fk(2)Fk(SurfaceArea),m2;Hi,k(SurfaceTemperature),e;tcl(ClothingSurfaceTemperature),e;tcl=35.7-0.0275(M-W)+Rclfcl[4.13(1+0.01dT)+Acta]1+Rclfcl[4.13(1+0.01dT)+Ac](3)Rcl(ClothingResistance),m2#K/W,(1clo=0.155m2#K/W);fcl(ratioofclothed/nudesurfacearea),FclFD;:fcl=Fcl/FD=1.00+0.968Rcl(4)dT=¸tr-22,e;Ac(ConvectiveTransferCoefficient),W/(m2#K);Ac=2.38(tcl-ta)0.2512.1v2.38(tcl-ta)0.2512.1v2.38(tcl-ta)0.2512.1v(5)v(RelativeAirVelocity),m/sPMV,ASHRAE,PMV7,1[2,6]:1PMVPMV-3-2-10+1+2+3PMV,PMVFangerPPD(PredictedPercentDissa-tisfied),,PMVPPD,:PPD=100-95exp[(0.03353PMV4+0.2179PMV2)](6)ISOASHRAEFangerPMV-PPD,:-0.5PMV0.5,PPD:PPD10%,,,PMV:-1.0PMV1.0,PPD:PPD26%3PMV3.1PMV,:ta¸trpav,,PMV,PMV-PPD,,PMV1)ta=¸tr=34e,pa=1.8kPa,()M=70W/m2,W=0,Rcl=0.062m2#K/Wv,PMVPMVvPMV-PPD115第3期许景峰:浅谈PMV方程的适用范围1vPMV-PPD1,ta=¸tr=34e,PMV-PPDv,v,,,34e,(),:,,,2)ta=¸tr=34e,pa=1.8kPa,v=0.5m/s,()M=70W/m2,W=0Rcl,PMVPMVRclPMV-PPD22RclPMV-PPD2,ta=¸tr=34e,PMV-PPDRcl,Rcl,,,,,,v,PMV-PPD;Rcl,PMV-PPD,PMVPMV,,PMV3.2FangerPMVFanger[6]:M-W=3.05[5.73-0.007(M-W)-pa]+0.0014M(34-ta)+0.0173M(5.87-pa)+0.42(M-W-58)+3.96@10-8fcl[(tcl+273)4-(¸tr+273)4]+fclAc(tcl-ta)(7)PMV16重庆建筑大学学报第27卷PMV:PMV=[0.303exp(-0.036M)+0.0275]@TL(8)TL:M-W=R+C+E(9):R(HeatLossbyRadiation),W/m2,R=3.96@10-8fcl[(tcl+273)4-(¸tr+273)4];C(HeatLossbyConvection),W/m2,C=fclAc(tcl-ta);E(HeatLossbyEvapouration),W/m2E=Eis+Esw+Eres+Cres(10):Eis(HeatLossbySkinVapourDiffusion),W/m2,Eis=3.05(0.256Tsk-3.37-pa);Tsk(SkinTemperature),e,Tsk=35.7-0.0275(M-W);Esw(SweatRate),W/m2,Esw=0.42(M-W-58);Eres(HeatLossbyLatentRespiration),W/m2,Eres=0.0173M(5.87-pa);Cres(HeatLossbyDryRespiration),W/m2,Cres=0.0014M(34-ta)PMV,E,TskEsw,TskEsw,,ta=¸tr=Tsk=35.7-0.0275(M-W),vRcl,PMV-PPDta=¸tr=Tsk,,,,,PMVta=¸trTsk,,PMV,,,?:1)PMVPMV,,TskEsw,;2),,,,,,[4,6],,,,TskEsw,,PMV3.3PMV,,,,PMVPMV,PMVPMV,,PMV,17第3期许景峰:浅谈PMV方程的适用范围,,PMV,PMV[6]:1)PMV,,PMV,RWI(RelativeWarmthIndex)HDR(HeatDeficitRate);2)Tsk,,,PMV3)Esw,,PMV,,(,,,),PMV:TskEsw(,),PMVPMVPMV,,[5],,,PMV,,,,PMV,PMV,PMV,,,,:[1]S.A.,.M.:,1985.[2].M.:,1991.[3].()M.:,1997.[4],.J.,2001,23(1):6-9.[5],.M.:,2003.[6],.M.:,2004.18重庆建筑大学学报第27卷