英语学术论文写作

英语学术论文写作EnglishforAcademicWritingHeKangminTel:15327258468E-mail:[e-mail]ademicdissertationforbachelordegreedissertationinArts2.LearnandgraspthefundamentalsofEnglishacademicwriting3.TrytothinkandwritedissertationinEnglishandovercomethebadhabitfortranslatingChineseintoEnglishwordbyword4.LaydownsolidfoundationforwritingqualifieddissertationTheformatofdissertation1.Titlepage2.TableofContents3.Chineseabstractandkeywords4.Englishabstractandkeywords5.Introduction6.Thebodyofdissertation7.Conclusion8.Bibliography9.AppendixChapter1Introductiontoacademicwriting1.ReasonstoengageinscientificresearchItisfavorofcareerdevelopmentItisforcedbyscientidicandacademicdevelopmentItisthepersonalinteresttoexploretheworldItisusedforsolvingpracticalproblemsItisrequiredbytechnologicaldevelopmentItisusedforacademicexchange2.Basictypesofacademicpaper(1)IntermsofdisciplinesPhilosophy-thetraditionaldisciplineNaturalscience-requiredbynaturalsciencedevelopmentSocialscience--requiredbysocialsciencedevelopment(2)IntermsofthereasoningResearchpapers–whichareconductedbothinLaborsocial/economicsituationReports–whichareconductedintermsofinvestigationandobservation(3)InaccordancewithresearchpurposesAcademicjournalarticlesAcademicconferencepapersTermpapersThesesDissertations3.StructureofanacademicpaperInaccordancewiththeModernLanguageAssociation(MLA)formatLibraryresearchpaperconsistsoftitlepage,outline,abstract,mainbody,notes,appendixandreferencesExperimentalresearchpaperaremadeupoftitle,introduction,methodsandmaterials,analysisofresults,discussionsandreferences.StructureofthepaperspublishedinChinaChineseandEnglishtitlesChineseandEnglishabstractChineseandEnglishkeywordsThebodyReferencesAppendixThepapersforpublishedoutsideChinaTitleAbstractIntroductionThebodyConclusionsandrecommendationsAcknowledgementReferencesAppendix4.CharacteristicsofacademicwritingObjectivity-withoutpersonalintentionorbiasClarity-fluentandnovaguemeaningCoherence-allpartiesarerelevantandlogicAccuracy-withoutgrammar,spellingandpunctuationserrorsThelanguage’splainnessandprecisiondistinguishitfromotherdiscoursetypesandisreflectedinthefollowingtworespects:(1)FeaturesonthelexicallevelTerminologyTechnicaltermsaboundinEST,forexample,“fungus”and“atom”.Nominalization(名词化)Abstractnounsarefrequentlyusedforclarity,forexample,“ammonia”(制冷）issubstitutedwith“refrigeration”.AbbreviationShortformsandabbreviationsareoftenfoundinESTforeconomyandbrevity,e.g.“radar”and“AIDS”.UseofsingleverbsSingleverbsareusedinsteadofverbalphrasesforformalityandprecision,e.g.“investigate”for“lookinginto”,“eliminate”for“getridof”.(2)Featuresonthesyntactical(句法的)levelLongcomplexsentenceLongcomplexsentencesareusedforaccuracytoexplaincomplicatedideasclearlyandprecisely.Simple-presenttenseSimple-presenttensedescribesnaturalphenomena,processesandrulesandmakesexplanationsvividandtimeless”.PassivevoicePassivevoiceisfrequentlyusedtoconvincethereaderoftheobjectivityofthedescription.Non-finiteverbsParticiples,infinitivesandgerundsarefrequentlyusedinEST.e.g.Travelingatthespeedoflight,ittakestwomillionsyearstoreachthenearestgalaxy.ProceduresofacademicwritingStep1:ChoiceoftopicChoosearoughproposalLimitthetopictoaplausibleoneStep2:CollectionandevaluationofdataCollectbooks,journalsandresearcharticlesEvaluatedatacollectedPhotocopydataPreparenotesandbibliographycardsStep3:DevelopmentofoutlineDecideonorganizationofpaperArrangenotesbysubheadingsDeveloppaperoutlineContinuedStep4:WritingStudyandfollowoutlineforfirstdraftMakeadjustmentsasneededStep5:Revision,editingandreferencesRevisecontentandorganizationAdjuststyleandtoneCorrectdiction,spelling,grammar,punctuationasnecessaryStep6:PreparationofabstractObserveabstractwordlimitEnsureaccuracy,brevityandclarityHighlysignaledStep7:PreparationoffinaldetailsAssembleallpartsMakefinalrevisionPreparereferencessectionWriteacknowledgementsDefinitionofthesispaperThethesispaper(ortermpapers)isusuallyapaperassignedasamajorpartofthecourserequirement.Ifitdoesnotrequiretheuseofoutsidesources,laboratoryexperimentation,orquestionnaireanalysis,thenitisnotaresearchpaper.Itis,then,generallyapaperthatmayrequirestudenttodosomeoriginalthinkingorevaluation.InEnglish,forinstance,itmightbetheclosestudyofatextorthewritingofashortstoryorsimplyasummaryofsomeoutsidereading.DefinitionofresearchpaperTheresearchpaper,ontheotherhand,isquitedifferent.Itrequirestheutilizationofoutsidesources.Laboratoryexperimentation,statisticalanalysis,andanyandallothermeansthatwillenabletheresearchertofindthesolutiontotheproblemthatheorshehassetforhimselforherselfandtopresenthisorherknowledgeinawell-writtenandcoherentpaper.WhyresearchpapersIdeally,theresearchedthesispaperissupposedtomakeoneanauthorityonsomeareaofanoveralltopic.Hence,itshouldincorporateanexhaustivesearchofanymaterialthathasbeenwrittenonthisgiventopic.Furthermore,theresearchshouldonlybeundertakenbythestudentwhohasalreadyshownsomeinterestinthesub