Lecture2FundamentalsofHyperspectralRemoteSensing1.2.K.N.Liou3.Remotesensinggeology/RaviP.Gupta.Berlin;NewYork:Springer,c2003.(1)(2)(3)(4)50.4m2.5m250-350K6000K0.47μm300K9.66μmατρατρ999--QEEMdAdEφ=IωφddI=·-1·-1W·sr-1Lθθωφθcoscos2AddIAdddL==·-1·-2·-1W·m-2·sr-1(BRDF)Bi-directionalReflectanceDistributionFunctionBRFBi-directionalReflectanceFactorsalbedo--Geometricdefinitionsθφxyzθ0BRDFir),,(),','('),,;,(λϕθλϕθλϕθϕθdEdLf=λϕθLωθλϕθdLdEcos)(=','ϕθr),',('λϕθdLBRFRrRdLdLTp=(',',)(',',)θϕλθϕλ999--129990.4m-0.7mab0.45m0.64-0.68m0.43m-0.48m0.7m-1.1m++=1()10.43a20.46b30.64b40.66a50.91C-H60.93C-H70.97O-H80.99O-H91.02N-H101.04C-HC-H111.12C-H121.20O-H131.40O-H141.42C-HC-H151.45C-H161.49O-H171.51N-H181.53O-H191.54O-H201.58O-H211.69C-H42()221.78C-H/O-H/H-O-H231.82O-HC241.90O-HC-H251.94O-HC-O261.96O-HO-H271.98N-H282.00O-HO-H292.06N=H/N=H/N-H302.08O-HO-H312.10O-H/C-O/C-O-C322.13N-H332.18N-H/C-H/C-H/342.24C-H352.25O-H362.27C-H/O-H/CH2/CH2372.28C-H/CH2382.30N-H/C=O/C-H392.31C-H402.32C-HCH2412.34C-H/O-H/C-H422.35CH2/C-H42zzttccggsLKLKLKLKL+++=ztcgKKKK,,sLgLLcztLLBidirectionalReflectanceDistributionFunction(BRDF)NadirBackwardViewZenithAngle-90-60-300306090ReflectanceintheRedBand0.000.020.040.060.080.100.12BBNNFFForwardPrincipalSolarPlanePlusmultiplescatteringwhereabsorptancelowvariationsinSun/viewangle-30600-6030e.g.5mmeantreespacingSZA=0degrees-30600-6030orientation(leafangledistribution)ProjectionofObjectsRelationshipbetweenVIandcanopyvariables(LAI)dependsoncovertype(differentcanopystructure)“”945%50%945%50%95%985%99999999ατ1230.5—0.64m¾ABCDEμCO32-μμFe2+0.43m0.45m0.51m0.55m1.0-1.1mFe3+0.4m0.45m0.49m0.70m0.87mMn2+0.34m0.37m0.41m0.45m0.45mCr3+0.4m0.55m0.7mAl3+H2O1.875m1.454m1.379m1.1350.942m1.4m1.9m1.4mOH-2.778m-OH-11.4m2.2m2.3m2.3m—OH2.2m—OH2.3mCO3-52.55m2.35m2.16m2.00m1.90m0.8mCu2+0.34m0.37m0.41m0.45m0.55m-1.1mFe2+0.85mFe3+NH4+2.02m2.12mC-H3.4µm1.7µm2.3µm¾¾31.45m1.9m1.45m100%1.5m40¾31.45m1.9m1.45m¾33v1v2v3313.106m——O-H26.08m——H-O-H32.903m——O-H()2v12v22v31/22232v3v21/=1/2+1/3=1.87mv’2v1v3’0962mH2O3H2O3¾¾50300.420.58m100.480.53m40.540.58m¾0.58m2.510m123.49999¾¾¾¾¾图灰岩、白云岩反射光谱特性¾¾2.0-2.5m?