unit-2-Paragraph-developed-by-time

Book2:Unit2ParagraphDevelopmentByTime•1)Abetterunderstandingofthefeaturesofparagraphsdevelopedbytime•2)Comprehendhowtoselectrelevantlinkingdevicesindevelopingparagraphsbytime•3)Obtaintheabilityofwritingoneventsintimeorder.Teachingobjectivetoday•thefeaturesandorganizationalpatternsofparagraphsdevelopedbytime•relevantlinkingdevicesindevelopingparagraphsbytime•writingoneventsintimeorder.TeachingFocus2.1.1Leading-inquestions:ParagraphdevelopmentThewritingneedtobearrangedinaclearandlogicalorder.Oneofthemostbasicandsimplestmethodsofarrangingdetailsinaparagraphistoputtheminorder.Andtimeorderisalsofrequentlyusedwhenweneedtonarrate.Orderinginformationbytimeisespeciallyusefulinexplainingaprocess,writingabouthistoricalevents,ortellingastory.2.1Developmentbytime2.1Developmentbytime2.1.2Organizationalstructure(1)warm-upactivities:p18(2)Summaryofknowledge:PatternofdevelopmentbytimeintheparagraphB•ThesupportingideasofparagraphBarearrangedinchronologicalorder,i.e.fromthebeginningofaschooltermtotheendofit.•Paragraphdevelopmentinchronologicalorderiscalleddevelopmentbytime.Thatis,alltheeventsarearrangedinthesameorderastheyactuallyoccurred.2.1DevelopmentbytimeChronologicalorderbringstimesenseChronologicalorderpresentsideasaccordingtothetimeinwhichtheyoccurred.Chronologicalordermeansthatyoubeginwiththeveryearliestandthenprogresstothemostrecent.TenseOftensimplepasttensetotellastorySometimespastperfecttense2.1Developmentbytime2.1.3linkingDeviceslinkingdevices:wordsorphrasesthathelpinsureasmoothflowofideasinwriting(1)warm-upactivities:p19Suggestedanswerstoquestions:Outlinefortheparagraph:Topicsentence:(seep19)Supportingideas:1.Duringthefirstphaseoftheconflict,NewEnglandwasthebattleground.1)TheMinutemen（民兵）andtheRedcoats(英国军人）firedtheopeningshotsofthewaratLexington（美，肯塔基）atdawnofApril19,1775.2)Shortlyafterwards,theNewEnglandcolonistslaidsiegeto（围攻）Boston,thelocationoftheBritishheadquarters.2.1Developmentbytime•2inthesecondphaseofthewar,whichbeganafterthesigningoftheDeclaration,boththeBritishandtheAmericansmadeimportantmilitarygains.1)TheBritishsoldierscapturedNewYorkinthefallif1776andayearlatertheyoccupiedPhiladelphia.2)Meanwhile,theAmericanswereabletoseizeNewJerseyandSaratoga.（美，纽约）•3.Thefightingmovedtothewestandsouthduringthelastphase.1)In1778and1779severalbattlesoccurredinKentuckyandTennessee2)Thentwoyearslater,thefinalbattleofthewarwasfoughtatYorktown,Virginia.2.1Developmentbytime(2)Summaryofknowledge:linkingdevices•Developmentbytimeintheparagraph•First•AtdawnofApril19,1775•Shortly•Afterwards•Severalmonths•Before•Second•AfterInthefallof1776AyearlaterMeanwhileLastIn1778and1779ThentwoyearslaterAtthattime2.1Developmentbytime(2)Summaryofknowledge:otherlinkingdevices:Developmentbytime•AfterbeforethenafterwardsLatersoononcenowFirst…lastfinallyeventuallyNextmeanwhileafterawhilewhenDuringatlastimmediatelywhileAshorttimelatersuddenlyassoonasinthepast…agointhemorning…2.1Developmentbytime2.1.4Featuresofparagraphdevelopmentbytime(Summaryofknowledge)•Inparagraphsdevelopedbytime,•ideasarearrangedinchronologicalorder,thatis,alltheeventsarearrangedinthesameorderastheyactuallyoccurred.•Anotherimportantpointistheuseoflinkingdevices,i.e.wordsorphrasesthathelpinsureasmoothflowofideasinwriting.Weneedtomakeaconsciousefforttousethesetimeindicatorsinwritingparagraphsdevelopedbytimesothatourwritingwillbeeffectiveandcoherent.2.2Follow-upExercises2.2.1Follow-upExercisesp21-242.2.2Suggestedanswerstotheexercises3.WhenIwasachild,wenevervariedourChristmasEveritual.Wealwaysbeganourprivatecelebrationpromptlyat6p.m.onDecember24whenthewholefamilyassembledinoursmallkitchen.WewatchedasMotherandmyoldersisterpreparedalightsupper.Assoonaswefinishedthemeal,werushedintothelivingroomtodecoratethetree.Theyoungerchildrenstartedthedecoratingbyputtingtinselandcolorfulballsonthebranchesnearthebaseofthetree.Meanwhile,thetwoolderchildren2.2Follow-upExerciseswereplacingornamentsonthehigherbranches.Finally,ourparentscompletedthedecoratingbyplacingabeautifulgolden-hairedangelattheverytopofthetree.Afterwefinishedthetree,wehurriedlydressedandwalkeddownthestreettoMidnightMass.Aswelistenedtotheservice,werememberedthereasonwecelebratedChristmas.ThenwereturnedhomewhereweatesomeofMother’sChristmasgoodies.WealwaysendedourChristmasEveritualaround2a.m.bygatheringaroundthetreeandsinging‘silentnight’.WhatwedidonthefirstdayWhatwedidonthesecondday1weboardedthemonorail（单轨索道）androdearoundthepark.1earlythenextmorningweonceagainclimbedaboardthemonorailandheadedforanotherdayoffun.2.Gettingoffthecar,weheadedforspaceMountain.--Afterwaitinginlineforalmostanhour,weboardedthefamousrollercoaster（过山车）thattookusforathrillingridethroughDisney’suniverse.2WegotoffatthefirststopandimmediatelyheadedfortheCountryBearJamboree（狂欢活动）.--Afterwaitinginalongline,wethoroughlyenjoyedthesingingandplayingoftheanimated（活生生的）bears.3Thenwhilerestinganddrinkingcokes,wedecidedtovisitmainstreet.-–therewefoundagoodspottostopandenjoyacolorfulparadeoffloats（彩车游行）portrayingthehistoryoftheunitedstates.--Anhourpassedquic