消费文化-认知偏差与消费行为偏差

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、*“”。481978—2007。。28%58%。。“”。*510632gzydz@126.com51027515889968888@163.comkwang.ng@monash.edudonghui@unsw.edu.au。71002056、10CJL010、09AZD015、11AJY013、09YJC790269。。。、、。、。。Summers1984。。“”ModiglianiandBrumberg1954。。。Leland1968Hubbardetal.1995。Deaton1991。、、Harbaugh2003。、。200020012004、“、”。。08、。Harbaugh2003。。Brileyetal.2000Joharetal.2006Carrolletal.2000MouawiyaandElhiraika2003。。。/。/2011。。Fisher1930。“、”。、。。“”。、Akerlof1991GruberandKoszegi2001。。。β。β<1β>1。。。481978—2007。。、、5%、79%。28%58%。。。。。。1820122、。。20。。2030“”。。。“”。“。”“”、、、。。———Fisher1930BeckerandMulligan1997。。。。LuandMcDonald2006。。。Laibson1997Uts=ut+β∑∞s=t+1δs-tus11βδβδ2…βδttt+1δ01βδ。β。β=1。β≠1。β<1β>1Kruselletal.2002。β<1“、”。“”β>1。“、”“、”。β>1δ<1βδt128、。β>1。、Koszegi2005β。β。。。①。t=012。t=1t=0。t=1t=2。t=1xUxU'>0U″<0xcct=2。t=1Iy。②t=2xct=2t=1γ1I-γxc。xyyUxy=Ux+Uy=Ux+yUy=yt=1UI-γxc=I-γxc。t=01βδβδ20MaxβδI-γxc+Ux-βδ2xc2U'X*=γc+δc3X*。t=1t=2t=1βδMaxI-γxc+Ux-βδxc4U'Xu=γc+βδc5Xut=1。。35β>1U'Xu>U'X*Xu<X*β<1Xu>X*。β≠1。3820122①②2003。。“”。。。β=1θβ≠11-θ。t=0Max1-θβδI-γxc+Ux-βδ2xc+θδI-γxc+Ux-δ2xc6U'X*=γc+δc7t=1Max1-θI-γxc+Ux-βδxc+θI-γxc+Ux-δxc8U'Xu=γc+δc+1-θβ-1δc935U'Xu-U'X*=γc+βδc-γc+δc=β-1δc7、9U'Xu-U'X*=1-θβ-1δc1-θθ<1。θ。1β。2θ。、1.。。1Rujia。。。2。Sex_Freq、Sex_Unsafe、Sex_Age。Sex_Age。。GailliotandBaumeister2007Toates2009Trobstetal.2002QuinnandFromme2010。Gailliot&Baumeister2007、、。2.O’Donoghue&Rabin2001。Lawrance1991Sourdin2008。Gailliot&Baumeister2007。48、。、、。Pongratz2006。3.。。Consumit=α+Zitβ+εit10ConsumeGDPZGDPper、Real_i、SocialSecu、Depend、FinanDev。10OLS^α^βConsumeNormConsumit=^α+Zit^βEx_Consumeit=Consumeit-NormConsumit111Consumit=β0+β1Xit+β2Controlsit+εit12Consumeεit。XRujiaSex_Freq、Sex_Age、Sex_Unsafe。ControlsGDPper、SocialSecu、Real_i、Rategap、Depend、FinanDev。2Ex_Consumeit=α+β1Eduit+β2Ex_Sexit+εit13Ex_Consume12。13Ex_Consume|Ex_Consume|。Edu。Ex_SexitEx_Sexit=Sex_Freqit-Sex_Freq。。Sex_FreqEx_Sexit。|Ex_Consume|Ex_Sexit|Ex_Sexit|。2|Ex_Sexit|Eduβ1。481978—2007。①Durex。1、。5820122①48、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、。1Netsaving0.1150.076-0.2900.420GDPaDomsaving0.2330.075-0.0400.540GDPaConsume0.7710.0820.4801.047GDPaGDPper3.9120.5112.4534.750GDPaEdu0.0460.0150.0100.080aReal_i-0.0080.119-0.9280.176—CPIaRategap0.0230.046-0.3280.365—bSocialSecu0.2760.1520.0070.565/cDepend0.5630.1160.3790.968≤15≤65/aFinanDev0.1090.3360.0001.417ln/GDPaRujia0.1580.3650.0001.00010dSex_Freq0.2940.0300.2030.384/360eSex_Unsafe0.5100.1240.2450.735eSex_Age17.3521.16215.60023.000e1Sex_Freq、Sex_UnsafeSex_Age590、590624822。2a.b.IMFc.IMFd.、、、、、、、、e.Durex。http//.durexnetwork.org/en-GB/research。1.11OLS122。1。GDPperRategapSocialSecu。Depend。Real_iFinanDev。R20.044。。247。R20.828、79%0.83-0.04。①3。②。。268、①②LRtestH0αi=0χ21457.0p0.000。3H0λt=0χ235.2p0.197。2112345678GDPper-0.026***-0.206***-0.203***-0.055***-0.000-0.003-0.025***-0.039***-3.41-16.60-15.85-7.79-0.07-0.35-3.21-5.43Real_i0.0020.082***0.085***0.083***0.179***0.197***0.0480.186***0.085.946.103.793.793.081.514.18Rategap-0.166***0.077**0.079**-0.0880.044-0.093-0.0980.104**-2.702.242.27-1.630.89-1.41-1.642.19SocialSecu0.140***0.0050.001-0.0250.0220.156***0.124***-0.057***5.580.260.06-1.021.095.755.23-2.70Depend0.058**0.0030.013-0.045*0.067**0.0440.0420.0332.200.170.48-1.882.481.201.401.27FinanDev0.0130.0080.0050.0110.044***0.017**0.015**0.032***1.540.160.111.427.512.252.055.68Rujia-0.140***-0.113***-15.57-8.76Sex_Freq1.752***1.149***22.0711.31Sex_Unsafe0.085***3.31Sex_Age-0.025***-9.69Constant0.805***1.622***1.606***1.041***0.204***0.664***1.251***0.598***23.5732.7729.2530.975.8617.8519.3410.74NoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoN822822822822590590624590adj-R20.0440.8280.8290.2620.5060.1100.2070.5631***、***1%、5%10%Whitet3。2Consume。4—61。①4Rujia-0.141%。Consume0.771118%=0.14/0.771。4R2121.8%=0.262-0.04428%=21.8%/79%。5———Sex_Freq1%。R20.506146%=0.506-0.04458.2%46%/79%。②7820122①②4—6Rujia。54。54R20.253。67Sex_unsafeSex_Age。0.085-0.0251%5Sex_Freq。①67R20.1100.2075。②Sex_Freq。81RujiaSex_Freq-0.1131.1491%。R20.5635Sex_Freq0.506。Sex_FreqRujia。Spearman-0.67。。11998—2007AUAustralia、ATAustria、BEBelgium、DKDenmark、FIFinland、DEGermany、ZASouthAfrica、ESSpain、UKUnitedKingdom、USAUnitedState。1———。1。112Ex_Consume。Ex_Consume10Z。12Ex_Consume。1Sex_FreqSex_Freq360。③1Sex_Freq。Ex_Consume|Ex_Consume|1。Ex_Consume<0、、。④。“”“”Modigliani&Cao2004、Kroeber2011。188、①②③④Sex_AgeSex_AgeSex_FreqSex_Unsafe。Sex_FreqSex_AgeSex_Unsafe。11978—2007。。。145/101/。Durex。GDPper、SocialSecu。。DomsavingNetsaving24512。①DomsavingRujiaSex_Freq0.108-1.4231%。Netsaving。2。2.2313。A|Ex_consume|。1|Ex_Sex|0.5981%。1。2Edu1%2。3Edu|Ex_Sex|Edu。221。32123A|Ex_Consume||Ex_Sex|0.598***8.400.495***6.68Edu-0.640***-5.83-0.520***-4.30Constant0.040***14.880.090***17.280.068***9.63N608854608adj-R20.1030.0370.128B|Ex_Domsaving||Ex_Sex|0.475***6.900.318***4.54Edu-0.761***-7.99-0.800***-7.01Constant0.037***14.070.088***19.550.080***11.97N609864609adj-R20.0710.0680.139C|Ex_Netsaving||Ex_Sex|0.252***3.450.0660.89Edu-0.740***-7.57-0.947***-7.92Constant0.042***15.310.085***18.380.093***13.36N609864609adj-R20.0180.0610.108BC|Ex_Domsaving||Ex_Netsaving||Ex_consume|A。29820122①。。、b、c、δβ。β=1。bc。β≠1

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