3-1-徐磊语法填空(含试题)

1语法填空第一步：分析空格处应该填入的词性（一）英文基本句型n.+v.+n.↑↑↑adjadvadj↑↑↑advadvadvv.的作用：1.动词是句子的核心2.有且只有一个n.的作用：发出或承受动作adj.的作用：修饰名词adv.的作用：修饰形容词、副词和动词。（二）四大词性v.词性v.n.词性1.等于名词的：名词、代词、数词2.其它词性变名词adj变名词：the+adj.v.变名词：todo/doing/动词加后缀变名词3.句子变名词adj.词性1.等于adj的：adj.2.其它词性变形容词n.变形容词：1.名词当形容词使2.名词’s（有生命的才能用’s）3.介词+n.v.变形容词：todo/doing/done3.句子变形容词adv.词性1.等于adv的：adv.2.其它词性变副词n.变副词：介词+n.v.变副词：todo/doing/done3.句子变副词第二步：结合词性与题目给出信息解题（一）空格后给出括号中有单词1.给出词性与空格中需求词性相同——考本身1名词：单复数2代词：格的转换（3形容词副词：比较级，最高级反义词★★★反义词possible—impossible4动词：时态、语态、语气2.给出词性与空格中需求词性不同——考转化★★★难点用后缀转化，用语法转化（1）给v.缺n.（2）给v.缺adj.2（3）给v.缺adv.（4）给n.、adj.、adv.缺v.（5）给adj.缺adv.（二）空格后未给出单词：判断缺少词性主要有四种：代冠连介1缺少名词——优先考虑代词，实在不行填名词(固定搭配)2介词1)不及物动词+介词2)介词+名词3冠词介词后面，名词前面。the这个，a一个4连词1）填连词必须前后平行2)两个谓语动词之间考连词3)从句的前面4)放在句首第三部分知识点（一）连词的两种判断方式1.空格前后，结构相似、词性相同【平行结构】2.空格前后各有独立的句子(句子有独立的谓语动词)（二）修饰成分词序修饰成分原则上都后置，长度为一，可以前置，也可以后置。没有生命所有用介词ofthecarofourscholl例子：n.______(adj.)v.+n.空格处填adv.（三）空格填表语，括号给名词，名词需不需要转化n+系动词+____若表语与n.是修饰关系，则___填adj若表语与n.是等号关系，则___填n.如:Youarebeauty.beauty=you—你=美人Youarebeautiful.beautiful修饰you—美丽的你（四）介词后面不能加todo（五）doing和加后缀-ment形成名词有什么区别v.+ing是动词本身的意思，表示动作加后缀的n意思可能发生转化如果v是及物动词，后面加n，是不及物动词，需要加介词再接n.Loving（v+ing）youisdifficult.Love（n.）isdifficult.名词(love)不能直接接名词(you)My__love（n.）ofyou.动词(love)前面不能接形容词(my)32017全国一卷Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.2017全国二卷In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthese4newlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.2017全国三卷Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(real)Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas62modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.HerfatherPeter44,wanthertogiveupschooltomodelfulltimeButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeautysheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudiesAfterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfulltimebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelmymore.2016全国一卷Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop61(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I62(arrow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe63(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback64mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,65IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter66(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude67(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.5Onmurecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby68(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew69(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,7