动词的原形过去式过去分词及用法

动词的原形及用法动词第三人称单数规则动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同。1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”stop－stops[s];make－makes[s]read－reads[z];play－plays[z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，再加“es”读[iz]fly－flies[z]；carry－carries[z]study－studies[z];worry－worries3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz]teach－teaches[iz];watch－watches[iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z]go－goes[z]do－does[z]1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。Theskyisblue.Iamastudent.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。Igetupatsixeveryday.3.表示客观现实。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时动词原形涉及到一般现在时一般现在时的构成Heisaworker.WestudyEnglish.Hegetsupat6:00everymorning.当主语为第三人称单数时，要在动词后加-s或-es第三人称he,she,it单个人名、地名JohnBeijing不定代词someone,everything不可数名词water,milk单数名词Heisaworker.变为疑问句Isheaworker?WestudyEnglish.变为疑问句,否定句DoyoustudyEnglish?Wedon’tstudyEnglish.Hegetsupat6:00everymorning.变为疑问句,否定句Doeshegetupat6:00everymorning?Hedoesnotgetupat6:00everymorning一般现在时的被动语态1.Thescientistinventsthismachine.变为被动句Thismachineisinventedbythescientist.一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+过去分词2.Wefinishtheworkduringtwodays.Theworkisfinishedduringtwodaysbyus.动词的过去式，过去分词及用法动词的过去式动词的过去式变化可分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下（1）一般情况下，动词词尾加ed，如：work—worked；play—played；want—wanted；act—acted（2）以不发音的e结尾动词，动词词尾加d，如：live—lived；hope—hopeddecide—decided；（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加ed，如：study—studiedtry—triedcopy—copiedcarry—carried（4）双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed，如：stop—stoppedbeg—beggeddrop—droppedplan—planned不规则动词的过去式须记忆过去式的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况。一般过去式通常和表示过去时间的词，词组，从句连用。如yesterday,lastweek,twodaysago等Iworkedinthatfactorylastyear.去年我在那一家工厂工作。IwenttotheLianHuaMountainyesterday.昨天我们去了莲花山。涉及到一般过去式否定句：Hedidnotplayfootballlastweek.一般疑问句：Didheplayfootballlastweek?肯定回答：否定回答：Heplayedfootballlastweek.主语+didnot+动词原形Did+主语+动词原形Yes,hedid.No,hedidn't.否定句：Hewasnotillyesterday.一般疑问句：Washeillyesterday?肯定回答：否定回答：Hewasillyesterday.主语+was/were+not直接把was/were提到句首Yes,hewas.No,hewasn't.一般过去式的被动形式涉及到动词的过去分词规格变化和不规则变化1.ThescientistinventedthismachineThismachinewasinventedbythescientist.变为被动句2.Wesenthimtothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.变为被动句Hewassenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词过去分词又涉及到现在完成时和过去完成时现在完成时Wehavecleanedourclassroom.Ourclassroomhasbeencleanedbyus.现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+V-ed变为被动句has/havebeenV-ed过去完成时had+V-edWehadlearned2000Englishwordsbytheendoflastyear.变为被动句2000Englishwordshadbeenlearned(byus)bytheendoflastyear.过去完成时的被动语态：hadbeen+V-ed