1950年淮河流域水灾与新中国初步治淮

[]2007-12-13[](1983),,,,1950刘长生(,241000)[],,1950,,,,;,,,,[]1950;;;;[]TV882.3[]A[]1671-5330(2008)01-0085-05,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1950,,,,,,,,1950,,19506,,,61926,,,73113,748119,19317(),,,,,:195019311950()19317()6267537532055627719628.3490.9137.4626720532488.543.5(数据来源:一九五0年淮河灾情及抢救防洪工作报告,治淮汇刊第一辑,治淮委员会1951年编印),,,73,,,,[1]11,,,;14,;16,,,,75,6,16,18;20;21;23,,,;,26852008,,[2]100,2040,,,,10,3,,8,82(),,,,,,,,,,[3](p456),,,(),:(195081)39189187(资料来源:刘宠光一九五0年皖北淮河灾区视察报告,治淮汇刊第一辑,治淮委员会1951年编印):(195081)286000022300008580000858000067300001531000017735000033820008520004234000113500024300001378000013129000039470039470016100001610000150200000150000150000777509777509245000085000850003000030000150000150000769017003082000998370022467509916000031627509489890000(资料来源:刘宠光一九五0年皖北淮河灾区视察报告,治淮汇刊第一辑,治淮委员会1951年编印),,,,,,720,7181931,:,,,,,()(),[4](p440)81,:207,3100,990,,,,,[5](p14)85,::,,,,[6](p356)831,862008(,1996,46)4687,1300,489,89;(,199510,35),3400,1300;(,,199612,416)313hm2(4687),,,828,,,[6](p356),,921,::,,,,[6](p357),,,,1949,:,,[7],,,,,,;[8](p61),,[8](p78)1950825912,,,,,,6,,[9],,,,[10]1014,,,,,,[11],,,,[11],,,;,;,;,;,[8](p7881),,,,,,[12],,,[13];,,,[14],,,,,,,,[6](p357),,1014,,,,;,,;,,,,;,,,,[15],,1027,56,:,4,,,871:1950116,,19501951;,,,,,1952[16],,,,,195011,;,;;,;,[17](p140)195153,32,,5157,,,,,,[18],,72,9,[17](p140)195111,:1951,2100,861,12,92,1[19],,,7700,974,13%[19]19501951,,3296,,,577166[20](p106),,,,,660,1950[20](p107),1954,1950,,,,,,,,,,,,;1952,,,2500,,[21],,,,[][1][N]..1950-7-21.[2].1950[R].21,1950-8-2.[3],.[M].:,1999.[4].(1)[M].:,1987.[5].[M].:,1991.[6].(1)[M].:,1992.[7].[N],1949-11-20.[8].[C].:882008,1993.[9].(1949-1957)[M].:,2003.[10][N]..1950-10-16.[11][J].:.,1951.[12][J].:.1951.[13][N]..1950-10-27.[14][N]..1950-10-28.[15][N]..1950-10-14.[16][A].:[C].,1951.[17],.()[M].:,1993.[18].[A].:[C].1951.[19].[A].:[C].,1951.[20].()[C].,1958.[21]:[C].,1952.TheFloodofHuaiRiverin1950andtheMeasuresthatNewChineseGovernmentTooktoHardnessitLIUChang-sheng(CollegeofSociology,AnhuiNormalUniversity,Wuhu241000,China)Abstract:FrequentfloodalongHuaiRiverwascausedbybadlyorganisedwaterserviceofOldChinaandthelongtimesouthwardmovingofYellowRiverintothewatercourseofHuaiRiver.Thedisastrousfloodin1950alongHuaiRiverbroketheriverbankinmanyplaces,inundatedmanyvillages,causingtremendouslost.TheseriousdisastercaughttheattentionofMaZedongandthenewChinesegovernmentwhoweredeterminedtoharnesstheriver.ZhouEnlaiandtheCentralCommitteeinchargeofthismatterputforwardtheprinciplepolicyforthework.Greatachie-vementwasobviousattheearlystage,markingagoodbeginningofHuaiRiverharness.Keywords:1950;floodalongHuaiRiver;MaoZedong;harnesstheHuaiRiver;committeeinchargeofharnessingHuaiRiver[:郭昱]891:1950