比较级PPT

形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)形容词：用于修饰名词或代词，描述被修饰成分的性质、特征、状态或属性等。Eg.Thisisagoodbook.(修饰名词book)Sheisbeautiful.(修饰代词she)副词：主要用于修饰动词、形容词和副词，描述被修饰成分的特征或状态。Eg.Jimplaysbasketballwell.(修饰动词play)Sheisverybeautiful.(修饰形容词beautiful)Jimplaysbasketballverywell.(修饰副词well)形容词和副词的比较等级（假设A和B为进行比较的人或事物）1、原级：使用形容词或副词原形，表示A与B一样（或不一样）……。2、比较级：使用形容词或副词比较级形式，表示A与B二者相比哪一个更……。3、最高级：使用形容词或副词最高级形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最……。形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成1.一般在词尾后加er或est.tall-taller-tallestlong-longer-longestyoung-younger-youngestsoon-sooner-soonestclever-cleverer-cleverestfast-faster-fastestcold-colder-coldestnear-nearer-nearestbright-brighter-brightestshort-shorter-shortestnew-newer-newesthigh-higher-highestlow-lower-lowestslow-slower-slowest2.以不发音的元音“e”结尾的形容词,加er或est.close-closer-closeststrange-stranger-strangestfine-finer-finestlarge-larger-largestwide-wider-widestwhite-whiter-whitestnice-nicer-nicestlate-later-latest3.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的形容词,先把“y”变为“i”,再加er或est.angry-angrier-angriestbusy-busier-busiestcloudy-cloudier-cloudiestdirty-dirtier-dirtiestearly-earlier-earliesteasy-easier-easiesthappy-happier-happiestheavy-heavier-heaviest４.以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先写双这一个辅音字母，再加er或est.big-bigger-biggestthin-thinner-thinnestfat-fatter-fattestwet-wetter-wettesthot-hotter-hottestred-redder-reddest形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成1）规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词词尾加er/est变为比较级/最高级。加er/est方法与动词变过去式加ed方法相同。Eg.tall–taller/tallestnice–nicer/nicestbig–bigger/biggesteasy–easier/easiestclever–cleverer/cleverest(clever双音节)多音节词和一些双音节词在该词前加more/most变为比较级/最高级。以ly结尾的副词除early以及不规则变化外，也应加more/most。Eg.interesting–more/mostinterestingcareful–more/mostcarefulslowly–more/mostslowly形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成2）不规则变化good/well–better,bestbad/badly/ill–worse,worstmany/much–more,mostlittle–less,least*old–older,oldest年长的；老的；旧的elder,eldest（亲戚关系中）年长的*far–farther,farthest远的further,furthest远的（有更加、进一步的含义）补充说明：few–fewer,fewestfriendly–friendlier,friendliest(adj.)more/mostfriendlyoften–more/mostoftenExercises:请将下列词变成比较级和最高级bright--long--late--wide--angry--popular--quickly--good--bad--brighter,brightestlonger,longestlater,latestwider,widestangrier,angriestmore/mostpopularmore/mostquicklybetter,bestworse,worst形容词或副词各比较等级的基本用法1、原级：使用形容词或副词原形，表示A与B一样（或不一样）……。主要用于Aas/(notso)…asB结构。Eg.1)JimisastallasMike.JimisnotsotallasMike.2)JimworksashardasMike.Jimdoesn’tworksohardasMike.2、比较级：使用形容词或副词比较级形式，表示A与B二者相比哪一个更……。主要用于A…thanB结构。Eg.1)JimistallerthanMike.2)JimworksharderthanMike.比较级用法扩展比较级用法扩展1）比较级前面可以有much,alittle,alot,even等修饰语。Thisbookismuchbetterthanthatone.好得多2）比较级＋比较级，表示越来越……hotterandhotter越来越热moreandmorebeautiful越来越漂亮3）than后面的人称代词用主格或宾格都可以。HeistallerthanI(am).Heistallerthanme.补充：Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.3、最高级：使用形容词或副词最高级形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最……。主要用于the…in/among/of+所包含人或事物的数量≥3的集合短语结构。Eg.1)Jimisthetallestinourclass.2)Jimworks(the)hardestofalltheboys.最高级用法扩展最高级用法扩展形容词最高级前的the在以下几种情况下可以省略：1）该形容词前有物主代词或名词所有格。Heismy/Jim’sbestfriend.2）比较含义模糊。WearebusiestonMonday.Thisisamostinterestingbook.这里的most相当于very。补充：Chinaisoneofthemostbeautifulcountries.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.Exercises:根据所给提示词填空。1.Myhouseis_______(large)thanJim’s.2.Todayismuch_______(warm)thanyesterday.3.Whichbookis_________(interesting),thisoneorthatone?4.Kateis_______(good)thanmeatEnglish.5.Whois________(tall)boyinyourclass?6.Mikeruns_________(fast)ofallthestudents.7.Ihave_______(much)moneythanyou.8.Yesterdaywasmy________(happy)dayinmylife.9.Mybrotherisnotso________(strong)asme.10.MrSmithisthe________(short)ofthetwomen.largerwarmermoreinterestingbetterthetallest(the)fastestmorehappieststrongshorter观察下列各句，辨别括号中单词的词类。1.Heisa(fast)worker.2.Heworksvery(fast.)3.That`sa(hard)mathproblem.4.Youhavetowork(hard)atyourlessons5.Ifeel(better)now.6.Heplaysfootball(better)thanI.7.Tomdraws(worse)thanhisbrother.8.Hewas(worse)thanhisbrother.9.Ofalltheboys,hereads(best.)10.Ofalltheboys,heisthe(best.)11.Thatplaneflew(high)thatday.12.Thatplaneis(high)intheskynow.13.A(straight)lineistheshortestbetween2points.14.Stand(straight).15.Healwaysspeaksina(low)voice.16.Heisacleverbusinessman.Healwaysbuys(low)andsellshigh.17.Attheendofthestreeet,thereisa(low)wall.18.Wedidn`tgo(far)becauseweknewthatfamousplacewastoo(far)away.19.Heisa(slow)boy.He`salways(slow)tomakeuphismind.Andheevenlikestotakea(slow)trainwhenhetravel.20.Pleasetellthedrivertogo(slower).21.The(last)timeIsawyouwasthelastSundayinJune.22.ShewasverywellwhenI(last)sawher.23.Thetrainwastenminutes(late).24.Hearrivedhome(late)lastnightandhegotuplatethismorning.25.Notmanypeoplewritewiththe(left)hand.26.Pleaseturn(left)now.