大穗型小麦品种强-弱势籽粒淀粉积累和相关酶活性的比较

作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2008,34(1):150−156:[e-mail]基金项目:(30270781,30571099);(20060434006);(Y2005D13)作者简介:(1981–),E-mail:[e-mail]*(Correspondingauthor):Tel:[phone];E-mail:[e-mail]():2007-04-10;Accepted(:2007-08-03.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.00150大穗型小麦品种强、弱势籽粒淀粉积累和相关酶活性的比较梁太波尹燕枰蔡瑞国闫素辉李文阳耿庆辉王平王振林∗(//,271018):,12PH01-35,,Logistic,(C0),,(Rmean),(SS)ADPG(AGPase)UDPG(UGPase)(SSS)(GBSS),7~21d,,,,,:;;;;StarchAccumulationandRelatedEnzymeActivitiesinSuperiorandInferiorGrainsofLargeSpikeWheatLIANGTai-Bo,YINYan-Ping,CAIRui-Guo,YANSu-Hui,LIWen-Yang,GENGQing-Hui,WANGPing,andWANGZhen-Lin*(AgronomyCollege,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity/NationalKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology/KeyLaboratoryofWheatCultivationPhysio-logyandGeneticImprovement,MinistryofAgriculture,Tai’an271018,Shandong,China)Abstract:Starch,themajorcomponentofgrain,consistsofamyloseandamylopectin.Itissynthesizedandaccumulatedduringgrainfillinginwheat(TriticumaestivumL.),andregulatedbymanyenzymesincludingsucrosesynthase(SS),adenosinediphos-phorateglucosepyrophosphorylase(AGPase),uridinediphosphorateglucosepyrophosphorylase(UGPase),solublestarchsyn-thase(SSS),granule-boundstarchsynthase(GBSS),starchbranchingenzyme(SBE)andsoon.Accordingtorecentstudies,AG-Pase,starchsynthase,andSBEarethekeyenzymescontrollingstarchsynthesis.Previousresearcheshaverevealedthattheallo-cationofcarbohydrate,grainweight,andthetransformationofsucrosetostarchweresignificantlydifferentbetweensuperiorandinferiorgrainsofwheat.Buttodate,therearefewreportsaboutthedifferencesofstarchaccumulationandtherelationshipbe-tweenstarchaccumulationandrelatedenzymeactivitiesinsuperiorandinferiorgrains.Therefore,afieldexperimentwascarriedout,andtwolarge-spiketypecultivars,SN12andPH01-35wereusedtoinvestigatethemechanismofstarchaccumulationandtherelationshipwithrelatedenzymeactivitiesinsuperiorandinferiorgrains.Fortyspikeswassampledat7,14,21,28,and35dafteranthesis,andpartitionedintotwogroups,superiorgrain(the1stand2ndgrainsfromthebasalpartofaspikelet)andinferiorgrain(the3rdand4thgrainsfromthebasalpartofaspikelet).Halfgrainsofeachgroupwereusedtodeterminetheenzymeac-tivities,andtheotherhalfforstarchcontentmeasurement.Theresultshowedthattheaccumulationofamyloseandamylopectininsuperiorgrainweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseininferiorgrain.ThesimulationwithLogisticequationshowedthattheaccu-mulationrateandinitialpotentialwerehigher,theaccumulationdurationwaslonger,sothestarchfinalamountwashigherinsuperiorgrain.TheactivitiesofSS,AGPase,UGPase,SSS,andGBSSchangedinthepatternofasingle-peakcurveduringgrainfilling.Therelatedenzymeactivitiesinsuperiorgrain,whichhadhigherstarchaccumulation,werehigherthanthoseininferiorgrain.Thesucrosecontentininferiorgrainwasmuchhigherthanthatinsuperiorgrainat7–14dafteranthesis,indicatingthatthesubstrateofstarchsynthesisshouldnotbethelimitingfactorforstarchaccumulationininferiorgrain,whichrelatedtostarchsynthesisefficiency,alsothenumberofendospermcellsatearlygrainfillingstage.1:151Keywords:Wheat(TriticumaestivumL.);Superiorgrain;Inferiorgrain;Starchsynthesis;Large-spiketype,,,,[1],(),,(SS)ADPG(AGPase)(SSSGBSS)(SBE),[2-7],,,[8-9],[10-13][14],ADPG,[15],,,,,,,,1材料与方法1.120042006,0~20cm1.43%0.085%75.31mgkg−144.23mgkg−183.30mgkg−17.5kgN11.25gP2O512.6gK2O11.25g,N11.25g12PH01-35,150m−2,6.25m2,,3,7d,40(4,12,34[8,16]),−40℃,,70℃,1.21.2.1酶活性Douglas[17]10~20,Hepes-NaOH(pH7.5)8mL,30μL,1.8mL,4℃1000g10min,Hepes-NaOHGBSS4℃15000g10min,Nakamura[18][19]AGPaseUDPG(UGPase)SSSGBSSWardlawWillenbrink[20]SS1.2.2籽粒体积1.2.3蔗糖含量[21]1.2.4淀粉[22]Rn(Cn+3Cn-4)/7,,n,Rnn,Cn+3n+3,Cn-4n−4(t),(W),LogisticW=K/(1+eA+Bt),AB,KTmax=−A/B;Rmax=−KB/4;RmeanK/D;C0=K/(1+eA);(90%)D=[ln(1/9)−A]/B1.3MicrosoftExcel2003DPS(DataProcessingSystem)2结果与分析2.1,15234(1-A),28d,,1221.07%,PH01-3513.69%(3),,Logistic(1),(C0)(Rmean);(Rmax)(Tmax),,,(1-B),,1221.55%,PH01-3510.72%2.22.3SS,(2)28d,,28d,,,,,SS(UDPG),SS,,SS,28d,(4-A),图1小麦籽粒体积(A)和粒重(B)的变化(20042006)Fig.1Changesofvolume(A)andweight(B)inwheatgrainin2004–2006图2小麦籽粒直链淀粉(A)和支链淀粉(B)积累量的变化(20042006)Fig.2Changesofamylose(A)andamylopectin(B)accumulationinwheatgrainin2004–20061:153表1小麦籽粒淀粉积累参数(20042006)Table1Parametersofstarchaccumulationinwheatgrainin2004–2006CultivarGrainpositionC0Rmax(mggrain-1d-1)Rmean(mggrain-1d-1)Duration(d)Tmax(d)Superior0.414b2.057ab1.238b29.109b19.494cSN12Inferior0.162c1.995b1.076c27.834c19.583cSuperior0.694a2.204a1.382a33.246a21.789aPH01-35Inferior0.374b2.173a1.268b30.842b20.937b0.05Valueswithinacolumnfollowedbyadifferentletteraresignificantlydifferentatthe0.05probabilitylevel.图3小麦籽粒淀粉积累速率的变化(20042006)Fig.3Changesofstarchaccumulationrateinwheatgrainin2004–2006SS,SS(P0.01),,,7~21d(4-B),7~21d21d,,,,2.42.4.1AGPase和UGPase活性AGPase1-(G-1-P)(ATP),ADPGAGPase(5-A)12AGPase,PH01-35,PH01-35,AGPase,1252.17%,PH01-3519.49%UGPaseUDPG(Ppi)G-1-P,AGPaseADPG,UGPaseAGPase,,28d(5-B)UGPase,1228.76%,PH01-35图4小麦籽粒SS活性(A)和蔗糖含量(B)的变化(20052006)Fig.4ChangesofSSactivity(A)andsucrosecontent(B)inwheatgrainin2005–200615