Lesson143AwalkthroughthewoodsNewwordsandexpressions•1surround[sə'raund]v.包围•2wood[wud]n.树林•3beautyspot风景点•4hundred['hʌndrid]n.百•5city['siti]n.城市•6through[θru:]prep.穿过•7visitor['vizitə]n.参观者,游客,来访者•8tidy['taidi]a.整齐的•9litter['litə]n.杂乱的东西•10litterbasket废物筐•11place[pleis]v.放•12throw[θrəu]v.扔,抛•13rubbish['rʌbiʃ]n.垃圾•14count[kaunt]v.数,点•15cover['kʌvə]v.覆盖•16piece[pi:s]n.碎片•17tyre['taiə]n.轮胎•18rusty['rʌsti]a.生锈的•19among[ə'mʌŋ]prep.在…之间•20prosecute['prɔsikju:t]v.依法处置Theusageofthenewwords•1surround[sə'raund]v.包围•surroundingadj.周围的,附近的•eg:thesurroundingcountry近郊•surroundingsn.(复数)环境,周围的事物•2.wood[wud]n.树林•woodwoodsforest•①n.(复数)树林,森林(通常比forest小)•例:Shegotlostinthewoods.她在森林中迷路了。•②n.(不可数)木材,木料•例:Thishouseismadeofwood.这栋房子是木制的。•3beautyspot风景点•abeautyspot;(Am.)abeautymark美人痣•BeautyandtheBeast.•4hundred['hʌndrid]n.百•fourhundred•hundredsof数以百计的…,几百的…•thousand,million,billion•5through[θru:]prep.穿过•though/through;across/cross•6.visitor['vizitə]n.参观者,游客,来访者•visitv.浏览,参观•7.tidy['taidi]a.整齐的•untidy•8.place[pleis]v.放•placen.地方•takeplace发生,taketheplaceof代替•9.throw[θrəu]threw,thrownv.扔,抛•throwaway抛弃,丢弃,丢掉•throwat砸过去throwto丢过去•10.rubbish['rʌbiʃ]n.垃圾•garbage;trash;litter;•11.count[kaunt]v.数,点•countable,uncountable•12.cover['kʌvə]v.覆盖•discover,•appear,disappear•13.piece[pi:s]n.碎片•apieceof,•14.among[ə‘mʌŋ]prep.在…之间(三者,三者以上)•between(两者)之间Lesson143Awalkthroughthewoods•1.Iliveinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.•whichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods为定语从句修饰townwhich指代town•从句用的是被动语态,“被…所包围”。•2.Itisafamousbeautyspot.•befamous(known)as/for•3.OnSundays,hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.•简单句,toseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods为不定式短语充当目的状语,•fromthecity作定语修饰hundredsofpeople。•4.Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.•(1)被动语态的现在完成时•tokeepthewoodscleanandtidy为不定式短语充当ask的宾语补足语。•(2)keepthewoodscleanandtidy也是复合结构,充当宾语补足语的是形容词短语cleanandtidy。•拓展:keep在此处的用法:动词+宾语+补语。另外,可以用于该结构的供词一般还有make,get,keep,find,wash等,宾语补足语一般是形容词。•5.Litterbasketshavebeenplacedunderthetree……•被动语态的现在完成时•6.WhatIsawmademeverysad.•(1)句中的主语WhatIsaw是what引导的名词性从句。•(2)made这里的意思是:使存在;使发生。•(3)verysad.做宾语补足语。•5.Amongtherubbish,Ifoundasignwhichsaid,'Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted!'•(1)如果是牌子上,报纸上说什么,就如课文中那样可以用say.•(2)“Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted!”是主从复合句,who引导的定语从句,修饰anyone。•anyonewho…任何…的人。例:anyonewhocomestothepartyiswelcome.该晚会来者不拒。•(3)willbeprosecuted:被动语态的一般将来时Keystructures•1.Ilivedinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.•2.OnSundays,hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.•3.Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.•4.WhatIsawmademeverysad.•5.Ifoundasignwhichsaid,‘anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted!’•被动语态(2)•上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式,这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式:•(1)现在完成时形式:has/have+been+过去分词:•Thebaskethasalreadybeenemptied.篮子已经被腾空了。•Theyhavealreadybeeninvited.他们已被邀请。•(2)一般将来时形式:will/shall+be+过去分词:•Thefloorwillbesweptsoon.地不久就会扫的。•Thekniveswillbesharpenedsoon.刀不久就会磨的。Writtenexercises•B模仿例句回答一下问题•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyet?•Someonehasopenedit.Ithasalreadybeenopened.•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowsyet?•Someonehasopenedthem.Theyhavealreadybeenopened.•C.模仿例句回答一下问题•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyet?•Ithasn’tbeenopenedyet.Itwillbeopenedtomorrow.•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowsyet?•Theyhaven’tbeenopenedyet.Theywillbeopenedtomorrow.