American-culture(美国文化)(课堂PPT)

madebyMaRuiZhe1MusicLiteraturescienceandtechnologySculptureFilmandDramaSports22020/4/8Americanmusicincludehiphop+rap(嘻哈饶舌说唱),R&B+soul(节奏布卢斯和灵魂乐),pop,(前卫流行),rock&roll(摇滚乐),Americancountrymusic(乡村音乐),Latinmusic(拉丁乐),DiscoJockey(DJ电子混音舞曲归在hiphop里),punk(朋克乐归在rock里)andFunkMusic(放荡杰克音乐),CRunk&B(旷课乐),Gothic(歌特音乐),home(舞曲),jazz(爵士),metal(金属乐),alternative(另类),raggae(雷鬼),classical(古典),theUnitedStatesandEuropeandtheUnitedStatesanddiversificationmixedmusicelementsMusic32020/4/842020/4/8Americanliteraturehasbeentranslatedintovariouslanguagesintheworld.IntheearlydaysofAmericanhistory,theUnitedStatesproducedmanyoutstandingwriters.ThefirstJamesFenimoreCooper,HawthorneCooperandErwinNathanielHawthorneWashingtonIrvingdescribesayoungandgrowingu.s..Later,MelvilHermanMelvillewroteabouttheseatoexplorethemoralissues.MarkTwinshowsthejoyandhumoroflifeonthemississippi.Thereare7AmericanshavewontheNobelprizeforLiterature:playwrightEugeneOnelandnovelistSaulBellowSaulBellow,Faulkner,Hemingway,Sinclair,BuckLouis,SinclairLewisandJohnsteinbeck.Literature52020/4/8MarktwinErnestHemingway62020/4/8TheUnitedStateshasbeenknownforitsstrongscienceandtechnologyintheworld,manyimportantinventionsinhumanhistory,includingincandescentlamp,gin,commonparts,productionlinesarefromtheUnitedStates,theUnitedStatesfirstdevelopedtheatomicbomb,theAppollomoonprogramduringthecoldwaronthemoon.Atpresent,theUnitedStatesintherockettechnology,weaponsresearch,materialsscience,medicine,biologicalengineering,computerandmanyotherfieldsintheworld'sleadingposition.scienceandtechnology72020/4/882020/4/8SculptureintheUnitedStatesintwentiethCentury,hasbeenaffectedbytheEuropeanstyle.SanGordonAugustusSaint-GaudenswasanAmericansculptorwhowasabletoshowrealimaginationinhisworksinnineteenthCentury.Today,Americansculptureisakindofindividualperformance,itappearsinavarietyofforms,andmaterialsallinclusive.Sculpture92020/4/8StatueofLiberty102020/4/8Mostofthemarebasedonfolkliterature,legendsandhistory.Forexample,likeDouglasMooreDouglasMoorebabysongBalladofDozisabouttheriseandfallofabigsilverkingofColorado.ThefirstsuccessfulAmericanoperaisGershwinGeorgeGershwingreatfolkoperaporkyandBessiePorgyandBess,itis1935inNewYorkstaged.Americansinthesilentera,thefirstfilmasaformofartisticexpression.Sincethen,thefilmhasbecomeoneofthebestentertainmentformillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.Fromthesilentera,thefilmactorhasbeeninternationalcelebrities,silentcomedyclassic.FilmandDrama112020/4/8122020/4/8Sports132020/4/8Individualism(个人主义)“Directness”and“euphemism”(“直率”与“委婉”)“Independence”and“cooperation”(“独立”与“合作”)“Money”and“spirit”(“金钱”与“精神”)“Multinationalintegration“and“racialdiscrimination”(“多民族融合”与“种族歧视”)characteristicsofAmericanculture142020/4/8IndividualismisthecoreofAmericanculture.Americansadvocatepersonalsupremacy,selfstruggle,convincedthatpersonaldignity,fortheirownlives,payattentiontopersonalcharacteristics,thepursuitofself-expression.Therefore,Americansbelieveinindividualism,theirage,maritalstatus,weight,income,religiousbeliefsandpersonallifeareregardedaspersonalprivacy,labeleddonotaskothers,seals.Individualism152020/4/8Americansliketobehonestandstraightforward.Betweenfriends,colleagues,mustbesincere,notlovecurryfavour,daretoexpressdifferentviews,hateequivocate.ButAmericansareverytactfulwhentheytalk,theyoftenputthethankyou,sorry,pleasehanginginthemouth.Speaktoavoidusinghurtfulwords,respectforothers,nottoomuch.Betweenteachersandstudents,inordertomaintaintheself-esteemofthestudents,theteacher'sevaluationofthestudentsaregenerallypositive,evenifthestudentsarenotverysatisfactory,theteacherwillbetactfulwhenitcomestosuchaproblem.“Directness”and“euphemism”162020/4/8Americanshaveastrongsenseofself-awarenessandindependence,donotliketorelytoomuchonothers.Doeverythingwithconfidenceandself-discipline,andconstantlyimproveyourself.Americanparentsfromthechildisveryyoung,theybegantodeveloptheirownindependentability,childrenhavetolearntothinkindependently,sincetheirownhands.Theythinkforthemselves,makejudgments,makedecisions,theirparents'adviceandopinionsforreferenceonly.Whenthechildrengrowupto18yearsold,parentsletthemliveontheirown.ButAmericansalsoattachgreatimportancetothespiritofcooperation,theyfollowtheprincipleoftheminorityissubordinatetothemajority,evenifitisnotapprovedbytheminoritywillseriouslyimplementthedecision.“Independence”and“cooperation”172020/4/8Americansdonotliketoaskhowmuchtheyearn,mainlybecauseintheUnitedStates,moneyisanimportantmeasureofaperson'ssuccessornot,thelevelofincomehasbecomeasymbolofsuccess.Therichdonotwanttoshowoff,thepoordonotwanttomention.ButtheUnitedStatesisnotmoneyorientedsociety,thevastmajorityofAmericansbelieveinreligion,ChristianityForAmericans,religionisnotjustabelief,butalsoaspirit,itpermeatesallaspectsofAmericanlife.Toalargeextent,Americanvalues,attitudesandmoralstandardsareinfluencedbyreligiousideas.Suchasequalityandfreedom,fraternityandmutualassistance,sympathyfortheweak,respectforothers,self-esteem,self-relianceandself-reliancearederivedfromth