(二)主语的选择

主语的选择Whatisthesubjectforeachsentenceoftranslation?1.星期天早晨他的身体状况仍未好转。2.我们期望在不久的将来中国人能受到更好的教育。3.现代工业需要大量蒸汽。4.一位年轻的工程师设计了这种世界上最快的飞机。5.第一架喷汽式客机1952年在英国开始飞行。6.附近的孩子免费上这所学校。7.新的一年才过了一个月，经济改革又出现了新的高潮。1.ProfessorLiisasubstitutefortheteacherwhoisillinhospital.2.Hisattitudetowardthematterisoneofindifference.3.Socialcustomsareusuallydifferentfromcountrytocountry.4.Itwassocoldthatmyfingerswentnumb.5.Thesickchildhasbeenabsentfromclassforseveraldays.Hermotherworriedaboutherstudiesverymuch.6.Theopinionsoftheattendantswerefarfromunanimousabouttheissuesothatsomeofthembegantoquarrelwitheachother.Theatmosphereatthemeetingbecametenseatthemoment.7.Themachinehasbrokendown,sooneofthetechniciansmustbefetched.8.Recentlytherehasbeenatrendtowardsimplerfashionsinmodernmen’sclothes.Thetranslations:1.Sundaymorningfoundhimstillunwell.2.ItisouranticipationthattheChinesepeoplewillgetabettereducationinthenearfuture.3.Largequantitiesofsteamarerequiredbymodernindustry.4.Thiskindofairplane,thefastestintheworld,wasdesignedbyayoungengineer.5.Britainsawthefirstjetairlinerin1952.6.Admissiontothisschoolisfreetochildrenfromtheneighborhood.7.Thenewyearwasbarelyonemontholdwhenitwitnessedthelatestflourishoftheeconomicreform.1.李教授代替生病住院的教师上课。2.他对这件事情漠不关心。3.不同国家的社会习俗往往大相径庭。4.天气真冷，我的手指都失去了知觉。5.那个生病的孩子已经几天没上学了，她妈妈很担心她的学习。6.与会者对这个问题的观点差别太大，以致发生了争吵，一时会场的气氛紧张起来。7.这台机器坏了，必须请一位技术人员马上修好。8.现代男性服装近来趋向于更加简单的款式。确定主语时，应遵循以下原则：1．必须符合英语的语言习惯；2．必须符合英美人的思维习惯；3．必须是句中应该突出的信息；4．必须符合句中的逻辑关系；5．必须符合上下文行文的需要。Translatethefollowingsentences:1.你的教学科研都取得了长足的进步，但不能因此而骄傲。2.任何新生事物的成长都是要经过艰难曲折的。3.他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起化学药物爆炸。4.我看《21世纪英语报》很吃力，你呢？5.一想到要出国深造，他就激动不已。6.他只要听到几句恭维话就会得意忘形。7.她的嗓音很清亮。8.这篇小说的特点是描写比较生动。1.Youhavemadegoodprogressinteachingandresearchingbutyoushouldnotgetconceitedandarrogant.2.Newthingsalwayshavetoexperiencedifficultiesandsetbacksastheygrow.3.Hisabsent-mindednessduringtheexperimentnearlycausedanexplosionofthechemical.4.MyEnglishisnotgoodenough/It’sverydifficultformetoread/IhavegreatdifficultiesinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperThe21thCentury.Whataboutyou?5.Hefeltgreatlyexcitedatthethoughtofgoingabroadforfurtherstudy./Theideathathewouldgoabroadforfurtherstudymadehimgreatlyexcited.6.Alittleflatterywouldsethimcarriedaway./Hewouldbecarriedawayjustbyalittleflattery.7.Shehasaclearvoice.8.Thisnovelischaracterizedbylively/vividdescription.9.没听说武汉是长江三大火炉之一吗？10.必须保证八小时睡眠。11.地下埋藏着大量的金银铜铅。12.真正了解，才能相信。13.不经一事，不长一智。14.弄得不好就会前功尽弃。15.近年来，中泰两国国民经济发展迅速，为两国的经济，贸易合作提供了良好的合作基础。9.Don’tyouknowthatWuhanisoneofthethree“ovens”alongtheChangjaingRiver?10.Eighthours’sleepmustbeguaranteed.11.Hiddenundergroundisawealthofgold,silver,copperandlead./Thereisawealthofgold,silver,copperandleadhiddenunderground.12.Trustcomesoutofrealunderstanding.13.Youcan’tgainknowledgewithoutpractice./Wisdomcomesfromexperience.14.Ifthingsarenotproperlyhandled,our/yourlaborwillbetotallylost.15.A)InrecentyearsthenationaleconomiesofChinaandThailandhavequicklydeveloped,providingagoodfoundationforeconomicandtradecooperationbetweenthetwocountries.B)RecentyearshavewitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofthenationaleconomiesinChinaandThailand,whichhaspreparedforgoodeconomicandtradecooperationbetweenthetwocountries.C)ChinaandThailand,withtherapiddevelopmentoftheirnationaleconomiesinrecentyears,havelaidagoodfoundationfortheireconomicandtradecooperation.D)TherapiddevelopmentofthenationaleconomiesofChinaandThailandinrecentyearshaslaidasoundfoundationforeconomicandtradecooperationbetweenthetwocountries.16.在历史上，由于长江不断改道在武汉地区形成了众多的湖泊。17.从本周开始，学生宿舍的客访不得迟于晚十时，周末不得迟于晚十时半。18.热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作，建立和发展贸易关系。19.我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多，一拨就通。20.他过去的那副尊容，只要你见过一次，无论什么时候你都不会忘记。16.TheconstantchangeofthecourseoftheChangjiangRiverinhistoryhelpedformagreatmanylakesintheareasaroundWuhan.17.Startingfromthisweek,dormresidentsshan’tbeabletohaveguestsafter10p.m.onweeknightsor10:30p.m.onweekend.18.Customersfromvariouscountriesandregionsarewarmlywelcometoestablishanddevelopbusinesscontacts.19.AninternationalphonecalltoyouisaseasyasacalltoSisterLidownstairs.20.Hehadafacethatonceyousawisneverforgotten.Comparethefollowingversions:1.世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。A.TheturnofthecenturyfindsChinamostactiveonthediplomaticarena.B.Attheturnofthecentury,Chinaisveryactiveinitsdiplomaticactivities.2.一九六四年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。A.China’sfirstatomicblastinOctober,1964wasagreatshocktotherestoftheworld.B.InOctober,1964,Chinablasteditsfirstatomicbomb,whichshockedtherestoftheworldgreatly.3.一阵风吹过，孩子打了个喷嚏。A.Asasuddenbreezecame,thechildsneezed.B.Asuddenbreezemadethechildsneeze.4.他心直口快，总是愿意和任何人交朋友，所以很快就赢得了大家都信任。A.Hisoutspokennessandreadinesstomakefriendswithanyonesoonwontheirtrust.B.Hewasveryoutspokenandalwaysreadytomakefriendswithanyone,sohewontheirtrust.5.中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。A.Astrong,prosperousanddevelopedChinawillposenothreattoanycountries.B.Thestrength,prosperityanddevelopmentofChinawillposenothreattoanycountries.6.轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多，质量继续有所提高。A.Thedesignsandvarietyoflightindustrialandtextileproductshaveincreasedandqualityhascontinuedtoimprove.B.Lightindustryandtextileproductsarenowavailableinbetterdesignsandqualityandri