1Lesson73Therecord-holder【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语(9)record-holdertruantunimaginativeshamehitchhikemeantimelorryborderevade★record-holder纪录保持者n.+v.+er构词法tennisplayer★truantn.逃学的孩子,逃学者playtruant逃学(英)playhooky逃学(美)evadeschool逃学★unimaginativeadj.缺乏想象力的imaginev.想象,设想imaginativeadj.有想象力的imaginationn.想象力-tive一般是形容词的后缀;-tion一般是名词的后缀★shamen.惭愧,羞耻Whatashame!真可耻!Shameonyou!替你感到可耻!shamefuladj.令人羞愧ashamedadj.感到羞愧putsb.toshame让某人感到羞愧对别人赞美的回答:Thankyou.Youareflatteringme.(你过奖了。)putsb.totrouble给某人带来麻烦★hitchhikev.搭便车旅行hitchhike=takealift搭便车hitchhikern.搭便车的人★meantimen.其间inthemeantime=meanwhile与此同时★evadev.逃避,逃离①vt.(巧妙地)逃脱,躲开Sheevadedablowfromthemanandthencalledoutforhelp.②vt.回避,逃避(尤指不当地)evadedoingsth.逃避做……Healwaystriestoevadepayingtaxes.avoidv.逃避,逃离,避免avoid指通过一种合理的,正当的手段来避免做某事evade指通过欺骗的手段来避免做某事。taxavoidance避税taxevasion逃税【课文讲解】1、Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.动词ing前面如果出现名词作定语,则采用名词所有格或名词短语本身的形式。eighthours'seeingthefilm非谓语动词做主语,一律作单数看。Threehoursintheroom,Itistiring.Threehours(')listeningtotheteacheristiring.Threehoursintheroomlisteningtotheteacheristiring.overandoveragain=againandagain一次又一次,一再地,反复许多次地Asmygrandmothercan’thearverywell,Ihadtosayitoverandoveragain.2asfaras+从句最大程度……,到……程度,就……而言AsfarasIknow,hisoperationssuccessful.2、Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles.while引导时间状语从句,一般放在前面或后面,放在中间就加上逗号。whiledoing省略句,省略了主语和be动词,这个主语一定就是主句的主语。put…toshame使……蒙羞,使……相形见绌Whathehasdoneputhisparentstoshame.3、HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.hitchhiketo…搭便车去……Dovern.多佛(英国著名的港口)towardsevening快到晚上somewheretosleep可以睡觉的地方anythingtodo/drink可以做的事/可以喝的东西(这里todo做定语)4、Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.wakeup自己醒来Calaisn.加来(法国城市)inthemeantime在此期间5、Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.creepoff=creepaway★creep①vi.爬行,匍匐,(像爬行似地)慢慢前进Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.Asnakecreptintothegardenwhileshewaswritingaletter.②vi.悄悄地/蹑手蹑脚地走;渐渐产生/出现WecreptupstairssoasnottowakeGrandpa.Henoticedthatagehadcreptonhim.6、ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.take…into带到……not…but…不是……而是……assb.hoped正如某人所希望的Ibecameagoodteacherasmymotherhopes.thansb.expected比某人所期待的还……Don'taskwhatthecountrydoforyou,butaskwhatyoudoforthecountry.theFrench-Spanishborder法国与西班牙的边界(边界地带属于哪个地方由第一个国籍确定)7、TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.pickup逮捕,拘捕Aftertheaccident,hewaspickedupbythepolice.【Keystructures】简单句、并列句和复合句简单句是英语中最小的句子单位,一般有一个限定动词,它有一个主语和一个谓语,但可以用连词and将两个或两个以上的动词合并为一个简单句。根据动词后所使用的不同成分,简单句可有5种基本句型:3①主语+动词②主语+动词+主语补足语:③主语+动词+直接宾语:④主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语⑤主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语将几个简单句连接起来构成并列句。在并列句中不存在单独的主句和从属于它的从句;各小句根据上下文的要求按逻辑次序排列,但各小句都同等重要并独立存在。我们常常把并列句中的各小句看成是并列主句。可采用下列任何一种方式构成并列句:①用分号Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.②用分号,后面跟一个连接副词(短语),如however、aboveall、inaddition、asfaras等Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.③用并列连词,如and、but、so、yet等,前面常加逗号:Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.复合句的构成方法可以是把简单句连接在一起,但复合句的各个组成部分并非同等重要(此点与并列句不同),其中总有一个独立小句(或称“主句”)和一个或一个以上的从属小句(或称“从句”);主句往往可以独立存在。复合句的构成方法:①用连词将从句与主句连接起来:Ifyou’renotgoodatfigures,itispointlesstoapplyforjobinabank.如果你不擅于计算,向银行求职就毫无意义。②用动词不定式或分词结构。它们是非限定性动词,是短语而不是从句,但它们构成复合句(而非简单句)的一部分。之所以如此是因为它们可以用从句的形式表现出来。Togetintoauniversityyouhavetopassanumberofexaminations.从句可分为:名词性从句;关系/形容词从句;副词从句。Holidayresortswhichareverycrowdedarenotverypleasant.那些拥挤的度假场所令人感到不很愉快。HowerverhardItry,Ican’trememberpeople’snames.【Multiplechoicequestions】10Theyhavebeenputtoshamebyaboy.Theyshouldfeel___a___.(a)ashamed(b)shy(c)shyness(d)shamefulfeel(半联系动词)+形容词shynessn.害羞shyadj.害羞(指人的一种性格)shamev.羞愧(跟人遇到某件事情当时的感觉有关系)shamefuladj.令人羞愧;ashamedadj.感到羞愧