学考专题阅读理解技巧指导

阅读理解解题技巧指导专专题专高中英语学习对阅读的七级要求◆能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息；◆能理解文章主旨和作者意图；◆能通过上下文克服生词困难，理解语篇意义；◆能通过文章中的线索进行推理；◆能根据需要从网络等资源中获取信息；◆能阅读适合高中生的英语报刊或杂志；◆除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到23万词以上专学业水平测试阅读样式1.试卷共3篇阅读文章，每篇词数250左右2.共设10个问题，满分203.体裁和题材广泛，设问多样化专1、主旨归纳题(mainidea)2、推理判断题(questionsofinference)3、细节理解题(questionsofdetails)4、词义猜测题(wordsincontext)设问类型（typesofquestions)主旨大意考点一●大意类：Themainideaoftheparagraphis...Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?●标题类：What'sthebesttitle/headlineforthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe...●作者意图类：What'sthewriter'spurposeinwritingthepassage？Theauthor'spurpose...istoshow...常见设题方式Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Smokingcancausecancer.B.SmokingisaterriblekillerC.Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.D.Anexperimentonsmoking.Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.1topicsentence2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Aprofessionalcriminallooksmoreinnocentthanothers.B.Don’tjudgeothersbyappearance.3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hurry!”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy,youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”.Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Thebesttitleoftheparagraphcouldbe_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.诱售法专TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HewenttotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.TypesOfParagraphStructurestypeThepositionofthetopicsentenceatthebeginningattheendinthemiddlenocleartopicsentence专略读模板用“略读模板”快速捕捉主旨大意是非常有效的办法。具体放法是：读首段全部，其他段落读首句，尾段读首句和尾句。Tips专①Aslateas1800,women’sonlyplacewasinthehome.Theideaofwomaninthebusinessworldwasunthinkable.Menwerecertainthatnowomancoulddoagoodjoboutsideherhome.Thiswassuchawidelyacceptedideathatwhenthewell-knownBrontesistersbeganwritingbooksin1864,theyhadtosigntheirbookswithmen’snamesinstead.②Teachingwasthefirstprofessionopentowomensoonafter1800......................................................③HospitalnursingbecamerespectableworkforwomenonlyafterNightingalebecamefamous.………………④Theinventionofthetypewriterin1867helpedtobringwomenoutofthehomeandintothebusinessworld…………………………………………Theideathatwomencouldworkinthebusinessworldhadbeenaccepted.1.Theidea…unthinkable3.Hospitalnursing…2.Teaching…4.Theidea…accepted推理判断考点二Fromthepassageitcanbeinferredthat…Thepassagesuggeststhat…Thepassageimpliesthat….Fromthepassagewemayconcludethat…Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat…Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom…Thefollowingparagraphwouldmostlikelydealwith…常见设题方式专规律方法推断就是从已知的事件中推测未知事件（指文章或作者没有直接说明但暗示出来或根据作者提供的信息可能引出的必然结论），所以这类题目找不到直接答案，只可以找出供推论的依据。以原文内容为前提，透过现象看本质领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。不选择照抄原文的选项不选事实细节选项不选非事实选项选概括性/哲理性的选项Tips专Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行贿),anddeath.Frankly,Iamsickofallthesebadnews.Thisauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto______.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform事实细节考点三Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?Allofthestatementsaretrueexcept____.Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?Whatdoestheauthormentioninthepassage?Whatdoweknowabout..?常见设题方式专解题方法：标注法1）根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，选择的依据必须是短文本身提供的信息，而绝不可根据自己的主观假设及推测或是自己的观点来决定。2）在阅读过程中对涉及到who，when，where，how，why等常考的细节内容做适当标记，以便于解题时迅速、准确地查找。正确选项的特征：一般是针对文章的某一事例、原因、时间、人物做出阐释；具有概括性、抽象性的、含义深刻的选项可能是正确选项；内容与其它三项有较大差别的可能是正确选项；含有不确定语气词的可能是正确选项。干扰选项的特征：照抄原文，但省略了关键内容；与原文相似但过于绝对化，含有绝对词的选项：must,always,never,all,merely,only,haveto,no,never,any,every…;原文没有提到或与原文内容相反；肤浅的表达原文字面意思；张冠李戴，即把A的特点强加到B上。whichstatementaboutthespreadoflonelinessistrue?A.thespreadingeffectwasthesecondstrongestamongfriends.B.nospreadingeffectwasfoundonthehusbandsandwives.C.womenaremorelikelytobeaffectedthanmen.D.brothersaremoreeasilyaffectedthanneighbors.Theeffectwasstrongestamongfriends.Neighborswerethesecondmostaffectedgroup.Theeffectwasweakeronhusbandsandwives,a