非谓语动词高考陷阱易错题归纳总结

一、非谓语动词和并列谓语动词的区别①Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,_____himinthecaranddrovequicklytothenearestdoctor’soffice.A.putB.toputC.puttingD.havingput．②Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_____allfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokillAB分析句子结构，判断空格是做谓语还是状语。看句子是否有and连接。有的话就是谓语，没有就是状语。并列谓语结果状语，有因果关系用ing.解析：句中的took,ran,put,drove为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。句意：一架小飞机撞到了城市东部五英里处一座小山边，结果飞机上四人全部遇难。二.非谓语动词todo做状语和介词to加谓语的区别。①Howhappyweare!Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.A.tohascomeB.tohavecomeC.tohavingcomeD.hascome②Ithinkthisistheveryworkthatwemustfinish____her.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helpedAA分析句子结构，首先判断空格是做谓语还是非谓语动词；其次特别注意空格前面是否有定语从句，注意动词短语的搭配是否还缺少介词to；最后看介词to是跟空格前面的动词短语搭配还是和后面的动词原形搭配。假如是和前面搭配，空格所选的项就是to加谓语。否则就是todo做目的状语。定语从句∧to主语谓语定语从句目的状语三.非谓语动词做状语和特殊句型的区别。①_______theroadroundtotherightandyou’llfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed②_______theroadroundtotheright,you’llfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowDFollowed③_______theroadroundtotheright,theblindmanaskedaboytoguidehim.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.FollowedAB这里所讲的特殊句型是：祈使句，and/or+主语+will+谓语+宾语。假如两个句子之间有连词and/or等，就选动词原形。没有连词的话，证明空格是做状语，根据具体情况选择非谓语动词的各种形式。C祈使句状语主语主动状语主语目的状语四、非谓语动词中独立主格结构的用法。①Allthepreparationsfortheproject______,we’rereadytostart.A.completedB.havebeencompletedC.hadbeencompletedD.beencompleted②Allthepreparationsfortheproject______,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completedB.havebeencompletedC.hadbeencompletedD.beencompletedA在用分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但当前后主语不一致时，它可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。做题时分析句子结构，重点看前后主语是否一致。但如果两个句子之间有连词and等，空格应选根据时态来选谓语。B主语主语独立主格被动连词谓语主语（2010重庆）Thenewsshockedthepublic,______togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.toleadC谓语状语解析：句意为：这个消息使公众震惊，也引起了人们对学生在校安全的关注。Thenews和lead之间是主谓关系，并作shocked的伴随状语，所以用leading。（10浙江）2.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand____lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighingD解析：动词weigh与名词children是主谓关系，所以选择weighing做定语。句意：交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。主语谓语主语系动词定语并列定语(2008北京）3.Itisworthconsideringwhatmakesconvenience“foodssopopular,and___betteronesofyourown.A.introducesB.tointroduceC.introducingD.introducedC解析:考查非谓语动词。and连接并列成分，题干前面是itsworthconsidering，and后仍需是it’sworthdoing的结结构，故选C。（2004北京）4.Igotoutofthetaxi,_____thefareanddashedintothestation.A.paidB.payingC.topayD.havingpaidA谓语并列谓语解析：我从出租车里出来，付了车费，接着猛冲进车站。（2006湖南）5.Thetheoryhesticksto______tobeofnouseinourstudies.A.provesB.proveC.provingD.beprovedA解析：句子的基本结构为Thetheoryprovestobeofnouseinourstudies.句意：他坚持的理论被证明在我们的学习中没有用。主语定语从句谓语(2010上海)6.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine______theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reduceB定语从句目的状语解析：此题容易误选A.注意句中有定从。所以Imagine和空格的选项没有任何的关系。根据句意空格应该是做目的状语。2007重庆Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool，theirlessons_______fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinishedB主语主语解析：两个句子中间没有and等连词，所以不是两个单独的句子。因此考查得是独立主格结构。被动关系2005上海8.Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand______downtoeatourpicniclunch.A.sittingB.havingsatC.tositD.satD主语谓语并列谓语2004湖北9.______straighton，andyou’llseeachurch.Youwon’tmissit.A.GoB.GoingC.IfyougoD.WhengoingA解析：固定句型：祈使句，and/or+主语+will+谓语+宾语。(2008湖南）10.______theprojectasplanned,we'llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.TocompleteD解析：目的状语。句意：为了能按计划完成这个工程，我们将不得不每天多加班两个小时。2008湖南11.______thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.A.HavingsearchedB.TosearchC.SearchingD.SearchD解析：固定句型：祈使句，and/or+主语+will+谓语+宾语。句意：搜索一下你们城市消防部门的网站，你将了解到很多关于消防的知识。2006浙江12.Theworkhepaidspecialattention_____tonothing.A.cameB.tocomeC.tocomingD.tocameD解析：to后的动词came是句子的谓语，句意为“他特别关注的那项工作泡汤了”。主语定语从句